The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe strongly condemns the terrorist attack by Hamas on Israel on October 7, 2023, which resulted in significant loss of life and hostages. In response, Israel's military actions in Gaza have led to a high number of civilian casualties and humanitarian crises. The Assembly calls for a permanent ceasefire, immediate humanitarian access, and adherence to international law by all parties involved. It emphasizes the need for a two-State solution to achieve lasting peace and urges member States to support humanitarian efforts, combat antisemitism, and facilitate dialogue between Israeli and Palestinian representatives. The Assembly also highlights the importance of addressing rising antisemitism in Europe and ensuring freedom of expression while preventing hate speech.