Logo Assembly Logo Hemicycle

Language rights in healthcare: enforcing bilingual obligations in Brussels public hospitals

Motion for a resolution | Doc. 16496 | 29 September 2026

Signatories:
Mr Bob De BRABANDERE, Belgium, ECPA ; Ms Birgit BESSIN, Germany, ECPA ; Ms Larysa BILOZIR, Ukraine, ALDE ; Sir Christopher CHOPE, United Kingdom, ECPA ; Baroness Thérèse COFFEY, United Kingdom, ECPA ; Mr Ricardo DIAS PINTO, Portugal, ECPA ; Mr Vladimir ĐORĐEVIĆ, Serbia, ECPA ; Ms Susanne FÜRST, Austria, ECPA ; Ms Bianca-Eugenia GAVRILĂ, Romania, ECPA ; Mr Oleksii GONCHARENKO, Ukraine, ECPA ; Mr Martin GRAF, Austria, ECPA ; Mr Alexander Van HATTEM, Netherlands, ECPA ; Ms Britt HUYBRECHTS, Belgium, ECPA ; Mr Paweł JABŁOŃSKI, Poland, ECPA ; Ms Sandra JÄCKEL, Austria, ECPA ; Mr Malte KAUFMANN, Germany, ECPA ; Ms Iryna KONSTANKEVYCH, Ukraine, ECPA ; Mr Lőrinc NACSA, Hungary, ECPA ; Mr Zsolt NÉMETH, Hungary, ECPA ; Ms Alexandra SCHOOS, Luxembourg, ECPA ; Ms Victoria TIBLOM, Sweden, ECPA ; Mr Markus WIECHEL, Sweden, ECPA

The Brussels-Capital Region is officially bilingual under Belgian law. Public hospitals in Brussels are legally bound to provide services in both Dutch and French. Emergency services across the board are explicitly covered by the same bilingual obligation.

In practice, Dutch-speaking patients in Brussels public hospitals consistently face severe difficulties in receiving care in their own language, despite this legal obligation. This de facto situation amounts to pseudo-bilingualism, with French systematically prevailing across the sector.

Most Brussels hospital beds fall under the Common Community Commission (GGC/COCOM), which provides the institutional and financial framework for bicommunal healthcare. The existence of this framework proves there is no structural or financial barrier to maintaining bilingual services. Enforcement of linguistic obligations nonetheless remains structurally inadequate.

Access to healthcare in one's own language, provided it is an official language, is not merely a matter of comfort: it is a fundamental prerequisite for patient safety. Miscommunication in diagnosis, informed consent and treatment instructions can have serious, potentially life-threatening consequences.

The Parliamentary Assembly should call on the Belgian authorities to take effective measures to enforce existing bilingual obligations in Brussels public hospitals, including through adequate staffing policies, targeted language training and meaningful complaint and sanction mechanisms.

The Assembly should prepare a report on the effective enforcement of language rights in healthcare in officially multilingual regions across Council of Europe member States.