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15 April 2024 morning

2024 - Second part-session Print sitting

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Opening of the part-session

Opening of the sitting No 8

Mr Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly

12:20:53

Ladies and gentlemen, please take your seats. We are already 5 minutes late.

Madam Secretary General, Deputy Secretary General, Madam Secretary General of the Assembly, Ambassadors, Members of the Assembly, I wish to welcome you all warmly to this second part-session of our Assembly in 2024. It will be the last Parliamentary Assembly of Council of Europe plenary to be held in the premsises of the European Parliament before we move back for the June session to our home in the hemicycle in the Palais. I would like to thank the European Parliament, and in particular its President, Roberta Metsola, for welcoming us here and making it possible for the Parliamentary Assembly to maintain its activities in this building during the renovation of our Chamber. 

For the current session, we have a very busy agenda, which we will shortly adopt. You have already seen the proposals approved by the Bureau this morning, so I do not need to read every item to you. What I wish to stress, however, is that our debates must be relevant to the issues that resonate in the minds and touch the lives of Europeans, and unfortunately, we have no shortage of those. 

The ongoing war of aggression against Ukraine, which continues to bring death and suffering to its people everyday will unquestionably remain at the top of our Agenda. Ukraine is now in its third year of its brave fight against the brutal Russian aggression, which has increasingly targeted, in recent weeks, critical civilian infrastructure with no care for international law governing conflicts for the environment nor for human life. 

Ukraine needs our support and not just words. It needs, right now, the vital munitions which will allow it to continue to defend itself, to defend us all and to defend the most fundamental right of all laid down in the European Conventional Human Rights: the right of people to live. It has been said before but cannot be repeated enough: Ukraine is fighting this war not just for its own freedom and sovereignty but for the freedom of all of us. It is fighting for the values of human rights, democracy and the rule of law, which are the cornerstone and the pride of our European continent. We must not weaken our resolve to stand by Ukraine. We must not hesitate, at this critical moment, in supporting Ukraine. I call on all European countries to double and triple their efforts to allow Ukraine to repel the invader, regain control over its illegally occupied territories and to restore peace based on justice throughout its land.

With this call, let us now observe a minute of silence for all the victims of the Russian aggression against Ukraine.

(Minute of silence)

With this call, as I said, we paid a tribute. It was a minute of silence for all the victims of the Russian aggression against Ukraine. I want to thank you all, and I pray for peace to return to Ukraine. However, not just any peace but peace based on justice.

This is why I am eager to hear the debate on the report on support for the reconstruction for Ukraine, tomorrow afternoon, and I am honoured to confirm that the speaker of Verkhovna Rada, Mr Ruslan STEFANCHUK, has accepted our invitation to address our Assembly in this debate. It is another building block in the Assembly's work to support our member state Ukraine, and I am sure that the outcome will be strong and result-oriented.

Dear colleagues, the Russian Federation has been expelled from our organisation but, believe me, it still hears our voice. Dictators and tyrants should know that their actions will not be ignored. They must know that, one day, they will soon be held accountable for all their crimes and wrongdoings. They must know that they can never destroy our values and that their rules-based international order will prevail.

Of course, it is easy to condemn the dictators here in Strasbourg or from our European capitals. It is a different story to be brave enough to defy dictators from inside their countries in the face of the relentless machinery of punishment and oppression. It is a different story when you know that speaking out against the regime, attempting to resist it, or merely question it may lead to imprisonment, torture and even death. I pay tribute to and honour the late Alexei Navalny. I pay my respects to Vladimir Kara-Murza, to other political opposition leaders and prisoners and to all the ordinary Russian citizens who have the courage to defy the repressive regime of Vladimir Putin. They might be not as numerous as we would wish, and they may sometimes feel powerless and without the strength to continue, but I want them to know that we have not forgotten them. We will support them and their struggle for a free and peaceful Russia, respectful of democracy, human rights and the rule of law and which poses no threat to its neighbours and to its own people.

Today, another terrible human tragedy is unfolding before our eyes in our neighbourhood. Following the horrendous and unforgivable terrorist attack carried out against Israel by Hamas in October last year, the loss of the lives and hostage-taking of so many Israeli civilians and the military action unleashed as a result by the Israeli defence forces, the bloodshed and pain has not abated in the Middle East. We witness almost with despair, the unbearable agony and suffering of our neighbours and we feel, too, its consequences every day in our societies.

Of course, the massive missile attack by Iran on Israel on Saturday, which fortunately failed to produce the destruction and death it was intended for, did not contribute to the improvement of the situation. Let us remember, first and foremost, in our debate on this crisis, the tragedy of lost innocent civilian lives and futures, the women and children who are caught in the crossfire, and the families who have been torn apart.

Such human suffering on both sides must not continue. Our Assembly welcomes both the Israeli Knesset and the Palestian National Assembly as guests and valued partners in our hemicycle. We have our role to play in adding our voice to call for a sustainable peace solution in the Middle East.

I wish also to highlight that this week we will hold a debate and adopt the Assembly's position on the first ever international treaty aiming to address the impact that artificial intelligence (AI) may have on democracy, human rights and the rule of law: The Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence. The instrument has been in negotiations bringing together not only our member states but other countries, including the United States and Canada, as AI knows, of course, no borders.

The Convention is a major step forward and will provide a springboard for continuing discussions and work on the legal cultural, political and other ramifications of the exponential rise in the use of artificial intelligence in all areas of our societies and lives.

As you know, this is one of the priority areas of my Presidency and I am eager to ensure that both within our own Assembly as well as in our forthcoming reports and resolutions, we are ready to use this powerful and exciting technology for the good of society in full awareness of the possible risks and maintaining always human control on what humans have created.

Let me also highlight the timeless and pertinence of the joint debate on environmental issues, which will take place this week. None of us can have failed to notice the landmark judgment of the European Court of Human Rights last week pointing to a responsibility of States Parties to the Convention to take the necessary steps to protect the human rights of citizens faced with the effect of climate change. This is a topic on which the Assembly has long called for action, and we will continue our work on this potential threat to our societies and even to our very survival.

Finally, I have the need to recall that we are debating during this session the Assembly's opinion on the application by Kosovo to join the Council of Europe. The final decision on membership will be taken by the Committee of Ministers once we express our position on this matter.

Dear colleagues, I wish you all a productive and effective session. Let us get to work now.

The first item on the agenda is the examination of credentials of members for the 2024 Ordinary Session of the Assembly. The credentials have been submitted to the President in accordance with Rule 6 of the Rules of Procedure.

The names of the representatives and substitutes are in Document 15960. If no credentials are challenged, the credentials will be ratified.

Are any credentials challenged?

No. The credentials are ratified. I welcome our new colleagues.

The next item on the agenda is the appointment of members of committees.

The candidatures for the general committees of the Assembly have been published as Document Committees (2024) 04 and Addendums 1 and 2.

Are these proposals approved?

The proposed candidatures are approved and the committees are appointed accordingly.  

Before we examine the draft agenda, the Assembly needs to consider requests for debates under the urgent and current affairs procedures.

The Bureau has received the following:

· Urgent procedure debate requested by the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights: "Alexei Navalny's death and the need to counter Vladimir Putin's totalitarian regime and its war on democracy";

· Urgent procedure debate requested by the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights: "The arbitrary detention of Vladimir Kara-Murza and the systematic persecution of anti-war protesters in the Russian Federation and Belarus";

· Urgent procedure debate requested by the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights: "Draft Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence, Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law";

· Current Affairs Debate requested by the five political groups: "Responding to the humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza and preventing further escalations in the Middle East following the recent Iranian attack against Israel".

At its meeting this morning, the Bureau decided to recommend to the Assembly to hold all three urgent debates and the current affairs debate during this part-session.

We will now consider the requests for debate under the urgent procedure in the order that they appear on the agenda. Does the Assembly agree to the Bureau’s recommendation to hold an urgent debate on the “Alexei Navalny's death and the need to counter Vladimir Putin's totalitarian regime and its war on democracy”?

The Bureau’s recommendation is accepted, and the request for urgent procedure is therefore approved, and referred to the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights for report.

We now come to the second request for a debate under the urgent procedure. Does the Assembly agree to the Bureau’s recommendation to hold an urgent debate on “The arbitrary detention of Vladimir Kara-Murza and the systematic persecution of anti-war protesters in the Russian Federation and Belarus”?

The Bureau’s recommendation is accepted, and the request for urgent procedure is therefore approved and referred to the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights for report. It is proposed that a joint debate take place on Wednesday 17 April as set out in the draft agenda.

We now come to the third request for a debate under the urgent procedure. Does the Assembly agree to the Bureau’s recommendation to hold an urgent debate on the “Draft Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence, Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law”?

The Bureau’s recommendation is accepted, and the request for urgent procedure is therefore approved and referred to the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights for report. It is proposed that the debate will take place on Thursday 18 April as set out in the draft agenda.

We now come to the request for a current affairs debate. The Bureau was in favour of the request for a current affairs debate on “Responding to the humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza and preventing further escalations in the Middle-East following the recent Iranian attack against Israel”.

Does the Assembly agree to the recommendation of the Bureau that there should be a current affairs debate on this topic?

The Bureau’s recommendation is accepted, and the request for a current affairs debate is therefore approved. It is proposed that the debate will take place on Thursday 18 April as set out in the draft agenda. It will be opened by Mr Andrej HUNKO.

The next item of business is the adoption of the agenda for the second part of the 2024 Ordinary Session (Document 15937 prov 2).

The draft agenda submitted for the Assembly’s approval was adopted by the Bureau this morning.

I remind members that we have just agreed three debates under the urgent procedure and one current affairs debate. The debates under the urgent procedure will take place on Wednesday and Thursday as set out in the provisional agenda. 

The current affairs debate will take place on Thursday.

Is the draft agenda agreed to?

It is agreed to.

The minutes of the meeting of the Standing Committee in Paris on 7 March 2024 have been distributed as Document AS/Per(2024)PV01.

I invite the Assembly to take note of these minutes.

The next item on the Agenda is the debate on the Progress Report of the Bureau and the Standing Committee (Doc. 15959 and Addendums 1 and 2). Addendum 1 relates to the meeting of the Bureau this morning and Addendum 2 is the report on the election of judges to the European Court of Human Rights.

The speakers list closed at 10:45 a.m. this morning.

The sitting must conclude at 1 p.m. I therefore propose to interrupt the list of speakers at about 12:55 p.m.

In the debate I call Ms Petra BAYR to present the Progress Report.

Madam Petra BAYR, you have 7 minutes. You have the floor.

 

Debate: Progress report of the Bureau and the Standing Committee

Ms Petra BAYR

Austria, SOC, Rapporteur

12:38:37

Thank you very much, Mister President.

In my introduction to the progress report, I would like to highlight three different issues.

The first of all is the Middle East conflict. We had it on the Agenda in January. We will have it on the agenda this week in this session. Of course, the escalation in the night from Saturday to Sunday via the frightening attacks by Iran really risk a wildfire in the region.

The Middle East is already very fragile and whatever increases hostilities doesn't help to find any peaceful solution.

What we need, indeed, is de-escalation. It's up to Europe, to the US, and to the UN to provide or to make pressure for serious talks among the stakeholders who are involved in this conflict.

A ceasefire following the unconditional release of the Israeli hostages, whom are still being held by the terrorist organisation Hamas, would be an important step.

What we also need is the strong increase in humanitarian assistance for civil society in the Gaza Strip, because there is really an urgent need. We will have a debate on that anyway. I also want to stress that it is important to see that those products and those things and issues that are delivered to the Gaza Strip must not be misused by Hamas for any further attacks.

We also should provide support to rebuild the social infrastructure in Gaza.

We know about the situation on hospital, schools, food supply, water supply, and other issues. I think that's a call to all of us, to all members states, to be supportive in this issue. We need to stop atrocities performed by the extreme settlers in the West Bank. I really want to welcome the sanctions that are now in force by the European Union. I think that's also very important.

We should offer space for negotiations of democratically elected representatives from both Israeli and Palestinian peoples, because in the very end it will not be us, it will not be the US, it will not be the UN, who will really create peace in the region. It will be the representatives of those people who must fairly share land and resources and later a future.

I want to remind that we must not forget to include, or they must not forget to include, women and also minorities of the region into this process.

We should really be supportive in this whole process in regard to initiating more sanctions against those who are really behind this conflict, I mean Iran and their allies, be it the Houthis, they have followed Hamas. I think it's really important also to think about cui bono, those who have an interest. The global interest shifts from the war in Ukraine to the war in the Middle East. We also have to consider that.

I want to come to two other recent developments in the Council of Europe which will bring challenges and new challenges to us as the Assembly (PACE) as well.

First of all, the decision of the Court to hold governments accountable for healthy environments and to take serious action to fight the climate crisis, among others, it is a consequence of our clear decisions in the Assembly some years ago that the Court was able to take these decisions. On the same hand, this verdict will provide us with the new and clear legitimation to continue striving for a robust legal basis that the right to live in a healthy environment is a real fundamental human rights.

That's really important for us. Because the verdict was against Switzerland, let me also mention that Switzerland is really one of the very very supportive countries at the UN level at these processes in Geneva when it's about to help that. The right to live in a healthy environment is a human right. Switzerland is not the worst, not at all. Switzerland is also very productive and very very good in all these related processes at the UN level.

Third but not least, there is an important development I would like to mention which are that tracks that were laid down for the accession of Kosovo to the Council of Europe. We all are aware that also within Europe we witness hostility among states, and sometimes these hostilities are not just rhetoric but are even more robust. The accession of Kosovo is an important starting point to curb these hostilities, to have all those involved in conflicts that stem from Balkan wars and much longer ago at one table.

These one-table negotiations and talks to find regional solutions on a level playing field where not ethnicity, not borders or not differences in language and religion are relevant, but only, I really stress only, the good life for everybody in this wonderful diverse region, which was a melting pot for centuries.

It is a starting point, also, for Kosovo to foster human rights, rule of law, and democratic governance. At the bottom of our hearts we know only division of a shared prosperous common future for all people in the region must be the underlying consideration for realistic peace processes in the Balkans that will end the battle of leaders and politicians after centuries and will really focus on a good life for everybody, for every human being.

Thank you very much.

Mr Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly

12:45:13

Thank you, Petra.

On behalf of the Socialist Group, Mr Stefan SCHENNACH.

Mr Stefan SCHENNACH

Austria, SOC, Spokesperson for the group

12:45:21

Thank you, Mr President,

On behalf of my group, the Socialists, Greens and Democrats, I would like to thank the rapporteur warmly for this progress report on a very, very important time. There are a few highlights here that we must emphasise.

One is the ruling of the Human Rights Court on Switzerland's duty to provide climate protection to its citizens. I think countries like mine, for example, which do not yet have a climate protection law, will have to learn their lessons from this. And I think it is important that such a ruling has been made, because it will make a difference in Europe.

 

During the period covered by the report, we also had excellent preparation time for an item to be discussed this week: the accession of Kosovo. I think this was discussed in an excellent way and very comprehensively. During the same period, five countries submitted the candidates for judges for the Court of Human Rights. Unfortunately, the candidates of two countries had to be sent back for revision. During this period, there were also a number of parliamentarians who were in Macedonia on a pre-election mission. I think that was an excellent example of co-operation and we will soon have both the presidency and the parliamentary elections.

The rapporteur also mentioned the fear that the conflict in the Middle East has been escalating for a few hours - but we should not forget that an immediate ceasefire in Gaza is urgently needed. The deaths of children, the elderly and innocent people must come to an end.

On this occasion, the death of Alexei Navalny, such a courageous and courageous man, naturally also falls within the reporting period. This will also be reflected on this week. And since we always work with a lot of cultural issues here and I am also a rapporteur myself, I would just like to remind you that five years ago, one of Europe's landmarks - Notre Dame - burned down. And while we are looking back, we should not forget that 25 years ago Serbia suffered a trauma, namely the bombing of Belgrade.

We are very much in favour of the rapporteurs' report . Thank you very much.

Mr Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly

12:48:39

Thank you, Stefan.

On behalf of the group of the European People's Party, Mr Vladimir VARDANYAN.

Mike.

Mr Vladimir VARDANYAN

Armenia, EPP/CD, Spokesperson for the group

12:48:57

Thank you, Mister Chair, honourable colleagues,

This year we are celebrating the 70th anniversary of our organisation, the very existence of which crucially ameliorated the democratic environment of our continent.

The very notion of "Europe" is considered as a pattern of quality in all dimensions, including quality of life, quality of environment, quality of security, and for sure quality of democracy.

The privilege of being a member of the Council of Europe is an indication of high-quality democracy, full respect towards human rights and the rule of law. Meanwhile this privilege shouldn't be considered as something given for granted, and each member should work hard on a daily basis to keep the level of democracy corresponding to our core values.

Democracy is a phenomenon which always pays challenges, especially today when we are witnessing worse aggressions, disturbances, crises and instabilities all in and around Europe.

Here, in the Council of Europe, we should act with the understanding that democratic peace is the conditio sine qua non for the building and maintaining of a democratic society based on the rule of law.

The democratic peace is also an imperative for the better protection of human rights without any discrimination.

Ladies and gentlemen, we're living in the era of significant technology called progress, the digital era drastically changed our life, opening new prospects and opportunities, but simultaneously bringing new challenges, threats and shortcomings.

We cannot and we should not reverse technological progress, but we have a common obligation to force technological developments to serve the promotion of democracy and therefore our mission is to provide democratic international legal background for regulation of technological developments, including development of artificial intelligence technologies.

Dear colleagues, during the last 75 years we have developed various successful models, models of democracy based on our core values. Nevertheless, we cannot deny the issue of backsliding of democracy in different member states.

Democratic backsliding is an alarming issue for our organisation that we shouldn't underestimate its impact towards all of us.

We should confront it actively and adopt a value-based rather than real-politik approach towards the democratic backsliding, treating equally all the countries backsliding from democracy.

Ladies and gentlemen, the aim of our organisation is to promote building the real democracy, but not artificial, fake, nominal, or the other substitutes which used democracy labelled to hide autocratic regimes and their wrongdoings.

Hence our role is to develop real mechanisms for the early prevention of the democratic backsliding and promotion of the real democracies all around Europe.

Thank you.

Mr Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly

12:52:18

Thank you, Vladimir.

I now call, on behalf of the European Conservatives, Mr Ian LIDDELL-GRAINGER.

Mr Ian LIDDELL-GRAINGER

United Kingdom, EC/DA, Spokesperson for the group

12:52:24

Thank you, Mister President.

There is an old saying, which is "May you live in interesting times".

I think at the moment it's a little bit too interesting, but it is a challenge to us all.

Seventy-five years ago, Sir Winston Churchill came here to set up this organisation. Why did he set it up? Why was it embraced by Europe?

Because at the time we'd come out of a devastating war. We're looking again at a problem which we are not being able to control.

It's easier for us to sit in here and make pompous comments, lots of speeches, wonderful current debates. But the reality is that none of us can do anything about it here.

We need to pressurise our governments, to change our countries, our ambassadors to make the difference.

The last 48 hours in the Middle East have been appalling, not just for the military escalation, but for the poor people who are suffering.

It's not just in Israel and Palestine. It is in Jordan, it is in Lebanon, it is in all the other countries in the Middle East.

Uncertainty has got to a level that we have not seen in reality since '63 in the Cuban crisis. A different parameter, of course, nobody is that stupid, but it is the same basis.

Democracy itself is the ability to use diplomacy to bring people together, which brings me on to the other point I want to put across today: It is our situation with countries within this organisation.

We've lost one, and I don't see it at this precise moment as coming back. Because of bringing in another country potentially, we may lose another one. At every level, this is a failure. For all of us, not just for one, but all of us.

This organisation was set up 75 years ago to stop this, to bring people together. Whatever your problems are, whatever you may feel, it's better to have a forum of discussion than a forum where you say "Well, I can't be bothered".

Many countries are now questioning the Court of Human Rights, my country is one of them, I don't agree with it, but it is being discussed.

My noble Lord Richard KEEN, who is one of our former most legal experts, will give you the background as to why this is a mad idea. But it is being discussed by countries that you'd think "Good heavens, have we learnt nothing?"

Mister President, I think we all need to show more leadership. I'm not addressing you as an individual or anyone else, but it's escalating. Because the world is moving inexorably to an area which all of us may regret.

I'm 65. I can remember the Cold War well. I served on the Berlin wall, looking over.

I never want to see that again, where segregation and horror is what we have.

Thank you, sir.

Mr Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly

12:55:27

Thank you so much, Mr Ian LIDDELL-GRAINGER.

We do not have much time but I could respond in some of your very interesting opinion that you have said with us, talking about Winston Chruchill, I just want to remind you that he was the one who said the words to fight and he fighted well with this words persuading the people that they should give the struggle for their liberation and, of course, persuading the USA that they should participate in this war.

So, but thank you so much for the very wise words that you have said with us.

Now on behalf of Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe, Ms Fiona O'LOUGHLIN.

Ms Fiona O'LOUGHLIN

Ireland, ALDE, Spokesperson for the group

12:56:07

Thank you very much, Mister President, and good afternoon to you, Madam Secretary General, colleagues,

Of course, Madam Despina CHATZIVASSILIOU-TSOVILIS, we were dismayed when we heard about your accident. We're very pleased to see you and wish you well, and full recovery and recuperation.

There's a number of points that I wish to raise today.

Firstly, Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine. As we know, on 2 April, the Register of Damages for Ukraine opened for the submission of claims. And we welcome this important first step, but we also call for efforts to be stepped up on a compensation mechanism and a system of accountability.

This week we urge all of our member states that hold Russian state assets to co-operate and transfer these assets for the purposes of compensation and reconstruction of Ukraine.

Sadly, we are now in the third year of the full-scale war of aggression staged by Russia in Ukraine.

At our last Standing Committee in Paris, our group leader, Mr Iulian BULAI, made a very very strong intervention and I echo his call: We must continue to support Ukraine with weapons, funding, and technical assistance. And we call on all international partners to fulfil their commitments and provide robust help. We cannot succumb to war fatigue.

This week, we should also adopt a clear and unequivocal position on Kosovo's request for memberships within the Council of Europe.

We sincerely hope that the Committee of Ministers will act with without further delay on the position of the Assembly.

It's almost one year since our successful Reykjavík Summit. It is time for evaluation, to take stock and to define our next steps to achieve the objectives of the summit.

We need to carefully evaluate what has been achieved, what remains to be done, and set our main priorities for the coming months.

We certainly hope that our Assembly will get the chance to discuss the results of this evaluation soon.

On the 9 April, the European Court of Human Rights adopted its first ruling concerning climate justice, and this ruling clearly inaugurates the era of a new generation of human rights, something that we've called for, and that which is the right to a clean and healthy environment. And this also demonstrates that we must step up efforts in setting clear legal standards for the environment as a human right.

I wish to express the concern of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe that the delegation from Slovakia has been refused permission to attend this plenary. We are only as good as our member states, and we hope that this is not to be repeated. We, as an Assembly, must do all that we can to encourage our member states to ensure full participation at plenary and at Committee meetings.

This Assembly made a request for an opinion of the Venice Commission regarding the upcoming elections in Romania, which will be held in June. And it was obviously important that this opinion be given prior to the elections. However, it is a matter of regret that the Venice Commission decided to deal with this next October, despite having two sessions in-between.

Opinions that we seek must be time-bound. Do the Venice commission need more resources? We need to know. It's really really important that these opinions are given in a timely manner.

Finally, in relation to the ongoing situation in Gaza, which fills all of us with horror. The horrific events of 7 October will never be justified, but what follows will forever rank as one of the most punitive and disproportionate military attacks of the modern era by a sovereign state.

We can and we must do more.

Thank you.

Mr Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly

13:00:48

 Thank you, Ms Fiona O'LOUGHLIN.

On behalf of the Group of the Unified European Left, Mr Andrej HUNKO.

Mr Andrej HUNKO

Germany, UEL, Spokesperson for the group

13:00:54

Thank you very much, Mr President,

The Council of Europe is an organisation that attaches great importance to rules. We are based on conventions and compliance of rules. And in my view, we have seen a worrying erosion of rules internationally in recent months. Not just our rules, but also other international conventions and agreements.

In addition to the war; the terrible war in Ukraine; there has now been an escalation in the Middle East – a massacre in Gaza with over 33 000 dead. And here too, for example, there is a UN Security Council resolution that has been adopted and is binding, but is apparently being ignored – the calling for a ceasefire. We are also witnessing South Africa's recourse to the International Court of Justice with the accusation of genocide. This is actually the convention of conventions – that genocide should be avoided. And we are also seeing European states, member states of the Council of Europe, supporting it in part, as Ireland is doing, the complaint by South Africa, or taking a position on the other side, as Germany is doing.

We all condemn Iran's reaction two days ago; the bombing of Israel. It is also a dangerous escalation. But we must also say that the Iranian consulate in Syria was also bombed before that – with casualties. That is also a crossing of the red line, that embassy buildings are no longer safe. We have many of these developments. I just want to briefly mention that we are also worried today, even if it is far away; the storming of the Mexican embassy in Ecuador and the arrest of a former vice president, who incidentally also has a German passport; that happened in the military dictatorships in Latin America. There was no such thing, it was always a red line.

All of this also has an impact on the internal situation within our countries. In my country too, I'm sorry to say, in Germany, we have a narrowing of the opinion discourse, so to speak. Varoufakis, the former Greek finance minister, is no longer allowed to speak out on Palestine in Germany, and so on and so forth. These are many worrying developments. Perhaps one last positive thought; the fact that after the regional elections in Turkey the mayor, who was initially not recognised, was then recognised after fierce international protests is a positive signal that I did not want to leave unmentioned.

We have a lot to discuss this week. Thank you very much.

Mr Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly

13:04:24

Thank you, Mr Andrej HUNKO.

I must now interrupt the list of speakers. The speeches of members on the speakers list who have been present during the debate but have not been able to speak may be given to the Table Office for publication in the Official Report. I remind colleagues that the type-written texts can be submitted, electronically if possible, no later than four hours after the list of speakers is interrupted.

Now, Ms Petra BAYR, do you wish to reply? 

You have 3 minutes.

Ms Petra BAYR

Austria, SOC, Rapporteur

13:04:51

Yes, there have not been any contradictions, I can make it briefly, I think. Just outline that, of course, we see a lot of challenges when it comes to our democratic system and I think that we really should focus on the issues that we can do or improve within our organisation and for instance, the Venice Commission is one of the really important institutions of the Council of Europe, of course, has to be equipped with enough resources to give opinions in due time so that we really can work on that and that we really can continue at that.

Although digital developments were highlighted, and I think that we really do put that very high on our Agenda. We will have debates on both democracy and backlashes in human rights within our Committee meetings and also the Plenary this week.

And I also would like to agree on what was said about the war the Russian war of aggression and that of course it is totally important to have compensation mechanisms in line that not only focus on the material problems we have, but also to psychosocial and human issues - that is necessary too, I wouldn't say rebuild, but maybe to build new the Ukrainian state and [the speaker continued speaking in German].

Ms Petra BAYR

Austria, SOC, Rapporteur

13:06:22

To conclude with Mr Andrej HUNKO, I do indeed agree that the erosion of global rules and international law in recent years has become more and more prevalent. 

Here too, I believe that it is very important for us in the Council of Europe to set positive examples and really do everything we can to ensure that peace, prosperity and human rights can develop fully on this continent. There is still a great deal to be done here at home.

Thank you very much.

Mr Armen GEVORGYAN

Armenia, EC/DA

13:07:48

(Undelivered speech, Rules of Procedure Art. 31.2)

 

Mr President,

The situation in our region is becoming increasingly unstable and controversial. President Aliyev, supported by Turkey, has perceived the congratulatory messages from the European leadership on his re-election as a European mandate to continue his course against Armenians. At the same time, tens of thousands of Armenians after ethnic cleansing in Nagorno-Karabakh and Armenian prisoners in Baku, do not see the same European drive in holding Baku accountable for crimes against humanity.

What's really going on? The EU and the U.S. are in pursuit of a so-called success story in the form of an Armenian-Azerbaijani peace agreement against the background of the deadlock in the situation in Ukraine and Israel. In this, Armenia is found as the weak link and is getting strong pressure, and making more and more concessions for the above pursuit to materialise. In exchange, the Armenian people are offered an ephemeral European perspective and new promises of a better life.

Doubts about the usefulness of such a perspective are not rooted in its degree of utility or necessity, but simply because it is not realistic. On top of many other aspects, this scenario has emerged in the context of strengthening anti-Russian sentiments and the expediency of Armenia’s geopolitical turn towards the West, and unfortunately not in the context of the values and principles of the freedoms, rights or democratic governance.

And the most absurd thing is that the European prospect for Armenia has found itself in the grip of the Turkic coalition, represented by Turkey and Azerbaijan. Turkish and Azerbaijani Governments maintain that the international community and the Western powers shall not assist Armenia to ensure its national security and defense capabilities. The EU and the United States have shown that they are ready to show understanding about their pursuits of establishing new rules of the game in the South Caucasus. I would like to see a very simple truth well appreciated in both East and West: first, strategic presence in Armenia necessarily entails becoming its security guarantor. And second: exit from Armenia leads to withdrawal from South Caucasus.

The experience in Ukraine manifestly has shown that decisions requiring consensus are either being adopted too late, or through many difficulties bordering with failure. At the same time, Azerbaijan continues to hook new European countries on its gas and oil needle, thereby creating a broader alliance of its partners. Such a pro-Azerbaijani, and in fact anti-European partnership will hinder the adoption or implementation of any pro-Armenian policies in the future.

Colleagues,

The active entry of the West into the region through Armenia, along with the deferred issue of Turkey’s immediate European prospects, as well as without taking into account the historically established Russian and Iranian interests in the South Caucasus, could lead to the emergence of a powerful anti-Armenian coalition consisting of Russia, Turkey, Iran and Azerbaijan. The latest tension between Iran and Israel, as well as the followed discussions in UN Security Council, have confirmed that Armenia cannot ignore the strong civilizational presence in the region and be guided only by new interests. Otherwise, potential geopolitical isolation of Armenia and a new regional escalation are inevitable.

Ms Hripsime GRIGORYAN

Armenia, SOC

13:10:19

(Undelivered speech, Rules of Procedure Art. 31.2)

Honorable President,

I want to take the opportunity to speak about a highly important event for my country that took place on April 5 in Brussels.

It is a trilateral meeting between the Prime Minister of Armenia,the EU Commission President and Hgh Representative and the US State Secretary.

The agenda of the meeting was outlined last year in Granada during a meeting between my Prime Minister and the EU Commission President - joint EU-US support to Armenia's economic resilience and empowerment.

But even beyond this, the event itself was unprecedented in its format and powerful political messaging.

"We believe that a stronger and a more stable Armenia means a stronger and more stable South Caucasus." Jozep Borrell, High representative stated in his announcement.

"We share the vision of the future of the people of Armenia. We want Armenia to take its place as a strong, independent state in peace with its neighbors, connected with the region and the world." - Secretary Blinken has stated.

And these statements best reflect the alignment of visions of Armenia , EU and the US in our region, where Armenia is seen a democratic partner and supporting her sovereignty and resilience is considered essential.

Another crucial point for us is the support to the Crossroads of Peace Initiative introduced by Armenia which aims to promote connectivity and dialogue with our neighboring countries and broader region. We seek to integrate our initiative with the EU’s Global Gateway Strategy. EU Commission President stated that the EU will explore cross-border transport, while Secretary Blinken underlined that the US supports the ideas “that are at the heart of the "Crossroads of Peace" proposal by Armenia”.

The above mentioned has outstanding importance considering the Armenia-Azerbaijan normalization. The peace talks, however, are moving slowly due to lack of political will by Azerbaijan. Baku has criticized the April 5 Brussels meeting, naming it “non-inclusive”. However, if there is a party that contributed to non-inclusivity, then it is Azerbaijan refusing to participate in the Granada talks, or not inviting PACE to monitor the elections in Azerbaijan.

Armenia stands strong on the position of promoting the Peace agenda and regulating relations with Azerbaijan.

“A prosperous, sovereign, and democratic Armenia that develops its own partnerships and freely sets its own course will contribute to regional stability” – is the concluding statement from the trilateral meeting.

Armenian democracy needs Europe, EU to stand shoulder to shoulder with us. Let’s take our cooperation to new horizons.

Ms Larysa BILOZIR

Ukraine, ALDE

13:08:00

(Undelivered speech, Rules of Procedure Art. 31.2)

 

I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to CoE parliamentarians for consistently prioritizing the Ukrainian issue on the Assembly's agenda. In particular, the upcoming debate on the report "Support for the Reconstruction of Ukraine" sends a powerful message that the Council of Europe remains committed to playing a pivotal role in supporting Ukraine through various instruments and mechanisms. The establishment of a comprehensive compensation mechanism will undoubtedly facilitate the pursuit of justice for all those impacted by the war.

At the same time, I would like to highlight the unfortunate reality that the demonstration of solidarity and the diligent effort toward establishing a mechanism to ensure justice are regrettably not enough.

The situation on the front line is extremely dire. Every day, peaceful cities and critical infrastructure facilities are subjected to unimaginably intense shelling. Such regions near the front lines – Kharkiv, Sumy, Zaporizhzhia, Kherson – are in an extremely difficult condition. The goal of all these attacks - is the destruction of Ukrainians as a nation and the transformation of the territory into uninhabitable land.

In turn, the situation in the energy sector is extremely critical in many regions. A recent missile attack on the Trypilska thermal power plant in the Kyiv region has led to a significant loss of power generation capacity. If the situation continues to deteriorate, a new wave of refugees to European countries can be predicted.

Currently, the only way out is to strengthen the defensive capabilities and provide Ukraine with weapons. Only a position of strength is the only viable position for Ukraine.

I fully understand that providing weapons is not within the mandate of the Council of Europe. However, it is impossible to talk about human rights when the basic right of Ukrainians – the right to life – is not guaranteed. In this regard, I appeal to every parliamentarian on this platform – please, lobby and advocate for the vital necessity of providing weapons to Ukraine for the purpose of protecting the right to life, both nationally and on other international platforms. Otherwise, the likelihood of European countries experiencing what it's like to fight against the russian army will increase and continue to grow in the future. International support plays a crucial role during wartime. And right now, that support is weaponry!

Mr Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly

13:06:56

Thank you, Petra.

The debate is closed. And now we are going on.

The Bureau has proposed references to committees for ratification by the Assembly.

Is there any objection to the proposed references to committees? 

There is no objection, so the references are approved.

 

I now propose that the other decisions in the Progress Report be ratified. Are there any objections?

No objections. The progress report is approved.

 

The Assembly will hold its next public sitting later this afternoon at 3.30 p.m. with the agenda which was just approved.

 

The sitting is adjourned.

The sitting is closed at 1:10 p.m.