Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
15:35:09
Dear colleagues, please be seated.
The sitting is open.
I want to remind you that you should insert your badge before taking the floor.
As you begin your speech, please press the microphone request button once only, wait for a couple of seconds, and then you can go on.
Our first item this afternoon is the presentation of Mr Michael O'FLAHERTY, Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights, on his annual Activity Report 2024.
After his address, Mr O'FLAHERTY will take questions from the floor.
Commissioner, I invite you to take the floor.
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
15:36:11
Mister President, distinguished members of the Parliamentary Assembly.
I thank you for the invitation to join you for the presentation of my first annual report, which covers the period 2024. The document, I hope, that you have at your disposal is broken in three sections.
The first, which is a novelty in these reports, is a set of my own personal observations on the situation as I saw it last year.
Second, there's a very detailed description of the full range of my activities during the year.
And third, in the exceptional situation of 2024, there's an annex setting out the work in the first three months of last year by my predecessor, Ms Dunja MIJATOVIĆ.
I would like to make some brief opening remarks before receiving your questions.
Let me begin by sharing with you what we all are so deeply aware of: that we live in very troubling times and that, from the point of view of human rights, things are getting worse.
Just to take contemporary reality, we see in the last months a weakening of the centre ground in terms of standing up for human rights. A willingness of the centre ground of our politics increasingly to walk away from human rights commitments.
Secondly, we see in this year, a shift to... a return rather to some form of great power politics, whereby the great issues that impact our well-being are not being debated, discussed, decided in the multilateral spaces, but rather in other contexts, without the protections of the systems, the laws, the treaties, and the standards.
And all of this is taking place in the context of the new pandemic, the pandemic of disinformation.
Now, in this very troubling time, all the great actors of state and society have a responsibility to engage to the fullest. And I consider that parliaments have an absolutely crucial role.
In that context, I deeply appreciate the work of the Parliamentary Assembly.
I've had the great privilege and pleasure of working closely with you since I was elected. And I have seen the importance of your work. I've seen the impact of your work. And I urge you to persist to become even more focused, even more rigorous around issues of standing up for human rights. Always, always taking your positions based on the international human rights law.
I very much hope also that you will continue to go home to your home parliaments also seeking a deepened embedding of human rights in their work.
Two suggestions this afternoon.
The first is: to the extent that your parliaments do not do so, I would encourage you to work with them so that there is systematic compliance testing of new law in your countries against the standards of the European Convention. And for those of you who are EU member states, also the Charter of Fundamental Rights.
And secondly, I would encourage you to seek to strengthen the engagement with issues of human rights in your parliamentary committee systems at home.
Now I'll do my part, to the best of my ability, to realise the fullness of my mandate in the great tasks.
I have very limited resources and capacities. I'm just one human being with a small staff, and so I must make choices constantly. I must be highly strategic in my prioritisation. And that's why I have decided to focus on four areas. Let me mention them to you and indicate what it looks like in practice in the past year.
First, there's the situation of the Russian aggression against Ukraine. My top priority engaging the human rights dimensions. I have visited Ukraine three times since the conflict began, twice as Commissioner, and it was indeed my first visit this time last year.
I have raised many issues and engaged many issues since then, but right now my preoccupation is with embedding attention to human rights within the pathway, whatever that will look like, towards peace. It's not by any means a given, and drawing on my entire lifetime of experience working in conflict and post conflict settings, I appreciate that a peace will only engage and work and persist if it is strongly based on human rights.
Now, before turning from Ukraine, allow me to express my outrage about the missile attack on Friday against the city of Kryvyi Rih. And I want to express my deep solidarity with those impacted by that horrendous act of aggression.
The second of my four priorities is to seek to work with you to embed human rights at the heart of the great issues of our societies.
Let me pick just one example to illustrate my work this afternoon, and that is around the context of the management of migration, and in particular in the past year, the phenomenon of the increasing securitisation of borders, which in turn is raising multiple human rights concerns such as respect for the right to apply for asylum and honouring of the principle of non refoulement.
In this context, I have engaged in or with at least seven countries since April of last year: Greece, Cyprus, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Finland and the United Kingdom.
Moving on to the third of my four priorities, it is quite different to the last one. It is not about the great issues, it is about the forgotten issues, the forgotten people. Seeking out those most on the periphery of our societies and working in support of their human rights. And the group that has seized my attention in my first year has been the Roma and Traveller community. Our communities, some 12 million people across our member states. And in the context of engaging their issues with a view to making a meaningful contribution to their well being and the respect for their human rights, I have visited Roma communities and Traveller communities in Slovakia, Greece, Finland and Ireland. And just last Friday I visited the Documentation and Cultural Center of German Sinti and Roma in Heidelberg, Germany, and in coming weeks I will visit North Macedonia.
The outputs of these visits and my work is in the form of memoranda directed to the countries I visit, but also a major report which I will issue in the last quarter of this year, specifically on the topic of the empowerment of or working with Roma women for their empowerment.
The fourth and the final of my priorities is standing up for human rights defenders. Civil society in general and human rights defenders in particular are the lifeblood of our societies. They're the beating heart of the respect for principles of human rights, democracy, and rule of law. And they are under extraordinary pressure in far too many places.
That is the basis on which I have had numerous engagements with human rights defenders in the field, as well as here in Strasbourg.
My current preoccupations in this context take at least three forms.
The first is the contagion of foreign funding laws, discriminatory foreign funding laws.
A relatively more recent existence of what I might call lobbying and influence laws, which, again, in practice are discriminatory in design and in practice are discriminatory.
And third, the policing of protest.
In the context of these and other issues, I have engaged in or with eight countries: Azerbaijan, Bosnia Herzegovina (regarding Republika Srpska), Georgia, Greece, Italy, Poland, Slovakia and Türkiye. And I'm looking with some concern right now at the situation in Germany.
Let me add in the context of human rights defenders that I'm very worried about the extent to which members of and groups defending the LGBTI communities are coming under extraordinary dangerous threat in multiple countries. That has already been the basis for engagement by me regarding Georgia and Hungary and indeed other countries in the upcoming period.
But, Mister President, distinguished members, allow me to conclude there and await your questions.
But in closing these remarks, let me assure of my ongoing, very close co-operation with you and your committees as we undertake our shared, important work.
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
15:45:15
Thank you, Commissioner.
Thank you, Mr Michael O'Flaherty, for your most interesting address. The members of the Assembly have questions to put to you and I will start with our colleagues on behalf of the political groups.
Lord Don TOUHIG is first for the Socialists, Democrats and Greens Group.
Lord Touhig, you have the floor.
United Kingdom, SOC, Spokesperson for the group
15:45:35
Commissioner,
Large numbers of unaccompanied migrant children who have reached our shores in the United Kingdom have gone missing. They have simply disappeared. I believe that is due, in no small measure, to the fact that they have been put in hotels and not in the proper care of local councils.
Can I ask, are you aware of this? Is this also happening in other parts of our continent? And, will you look at this further? One of these children was just 10 years old. Our children are our greatest gift. They are our future.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
15:46:11
Thank you, dear Don.
Commissioner, you have the floor.
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
15:46:15
Thank you.
Thank you, Lord Touhig, for that question and for putting that issue.
Yes, indeed, I am aware of the extent to which children go missing. They have been going missing for years now. I started to look at the issue in 2015. It is a persistent problem right across the impacted countries of the continent. It is on that basis that we have to put in place much better child protection systems, including the renewal, the refurbishment, and the strengthening of our guardianship systems, which in many countries have proven inadequate to the extent to which children need protection. We have to do a better job of the reception conditions for children. And by the way, locking up a child is not an acceptable reception condition. Children treated with care and with respect, with all of the appropriate attention for the age group, will not abscond. This is the clear information made available.
What's more, a very important part of treating children with respect and with dignity is proper responsibility sharing across countries. It is intolerable that those countries, that – if we might put it like this – at the front line, are left to such a degree to carry the responsibility. These countries struggle; there are many issues, but nevertheless, a part of the challenge that they face is a lack of proper responsibility from the broader European community, be that in the EU setting or the broader Council of Europe context.
So I want to assure you, Lord Touhig, I will continue to closely follow these issues and seek to engage the capacities across the member states, as well as the other relevant international bodies, with a view to making sure that no child disappears.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
15:47:59
It's now the turn of Mr George STAMATIS, on behalf of the Group of the European People's Party. George.
Greece, EPP/CD, Spokesperson for the group
15:48:04
Commissioner, I would like to ask you, what do you think about the future of the people of the Roma population in Europe? In the settlements, they don't have housing, they don't have electricity, and they don't have water.
My second question is about your opinion of the political prisoners in Georgia, and after the arrest of the mayor of Istanbul, İMAMOĞLU.
And the third question is how can the Council of Europe help you in your job?
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
15:48:38
Okay, I think that you should not answer the third question because it will take us all afternoon. But, okay, it is for you to decide.
Mister O'Flaherty, you have the floor.
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
15:48:49
Thank you.
My thanks to you, Mister Stamatis, and I want to thank you also for our co-operation in standing up for the human rights of Roma during the past year.
I have spent probably more time with the Roma communities than with any other group in Europe over the past year, and I have spent a lot of time visiting settlements, inadequate, deplorable housing. [I have worked] Frankly, I have visited in the past year the worst slums I have ever encountered on Earth, and I have worked in the poorest countries of the globe, and I never saw anything like what I saw in at least one Council of Europe member state during the past year. I was deeply, deeply shocked.
If we do not solve the accommodation needs for Roma, then how on earth can they be expected to transform their lives? Without shelter. Think about it. Remove yourself from your shelter and think, without shelter, how could you hold down a job? How could your children be educated? How could your family flourish as a family? So getting a roof over the heads of people is arguably the primordial issue, the fundamental human rights issue from which we then can build.
Now I will be addressing issues such as this in the conclusions, the analysis from the work I've been doing over the past year. I will be focusing in particular on the empowerment of women within the Roma communities to be the leaders who can move their communities to a better future. One of the contexts, in fact I can say now one of the five contexts for the concentration of the analysis will be accommodation.
[Turning to] I did not fully understand, you mentioned Georgia and then you mentioned Istanbul, or did I not hear you properly? So, it was two different issues.
Okay. I visited Georgia in the past year, and I am very grateful to the government for facilitating my visit. I focused on the issue of the operation of civil society, the policing of protest and the adoption of certain related laws, as well as laws around so-called family values. I laid out my positions very clearly in a lengthy memorandum to the government which is available for review on my website. I will continue to follow up in each of those areas as a matter of priority.
Turning to the mayors, I was in Türkiye for a so-called, what we call a "contact visit" in recent months, that is, a visit which allows me the opportunity to get a better understanding of the country. Again, I am very grateful to the authorities of Türkiye for hosting me and giving me a great space to do what I needed to do. By chance, the most recent setting for the removal of mayors began while I was actually in the country. So, I had the opportunity to discuss this issue with the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) delegation, with the government and with others. And I am disappointed that those mayors who have been replaced, whatever about the merits or otherwise of the dismissals, were not replaced by their deputies, but rather by appointed state officials. I can only echo the views adopted by the relevant institutions of the Council of Europe on this.
My focus, however, in my more recent engagement, has been about the policing of the street protests, which I believe is an equally important issue to pay close attention to, and it is the basis for a letter that I sent to the authorities very recently. How can we help each other? By recognising that we are all the instruments of a symphony orchestra, we are not separate bands. The Council of Europe is made up of this extraordinary array of instruments, but we have got to try and get them to stop playing solo and recognise that when we play as a team, respecting our distinct roles, we will do a much better job. That is the spirit with which I am engaging with the Parliamentary Assembly and with every other part of the system.
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
15:52:45
Thank you.
On behalf of the European Conservatives, Patriots & Affiliates, Mr Armen GEVORGYAN.
Armen.
Armenia, ECPA, Spokesperson for the group
15:52:54
High Commissioner,
Several weeks ago, I shared with you the statement by a well-known American lawyer representing Ruben VARDANYAN, one of the Armenian detainees in Baku. He described the dire conditions faced by the Armenian prisoners in Baku.
I would like to ask what actions are you prepared to take to assess the human rights violations already committed, to prevent further abuses and to ensure fair treatment and protection of Armenian prisoners in Baku in accordance with the European Convention on Human Rights?
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
15:53:27
Thank you, Commissioner, you have the floor.
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
15:53:29
Thank you very much, sir.
The situation of Armenian prisoners, the Armenians held in detention, has to be a matter of very high priority for me. And so I am watching from a distance, with much attention, the experience that these prisoners held in Baku, the experience that they are having.
I am in discussion with the government of that country to visit, seeking a time that would work for them and for me. I've approached them now twice, I will return a third time and a fourth time. But I do want to visit the country to engage all the human rights issues of people on the territory.
And in fact, that's as much as I can say for the moment to your question, beyond assuring you that I'm by no means neglecting the experience.
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
15:54:15
Thank you.
On behalf of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe, Mr Claude KERN.
Thank you, Mister Chairman.
Mister Commissioner for Human Rights,
In your annual report, you state that we are today on the brink of a precipice, due in particular to a new willingness on the part of a growing number of political leaders to deny rights, reject legal commitments, and renege on treaty obligations.
We can see this trend in Georgia, where I have observed and deplored a clear hardening of the regime, which is gradually moving away from the values of the Council of Europe. What is your analysis of developments in this country today? What are your hopes, if any, and what levers do you have to defend human rights in this country today?
I would also like to draw your attention to Serbia to find out how you are monitoring the situation there and what action you intend to take.
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
15:55:05
Thank you, Mister Kern. Thank you for your question. With your permission, I would like to answer in English, please [spoken in French].
I've already spoken briefly about the situation in Georgia. I'm grateful for the authorities for facilitating my visit. They were particularly gracious to me in terms of arranging the possibility to do unexpected things, such as to visit a journalist held in detention in prison. And again, I want to express my appreciation.
I'm not competent to do an overall analysis of the state of democracy in that country. I visited to better understand specific human rights concerns. So, I would hesitate to draw any bigger conclusions that are not substantiated based on the evidence base of which I've had direct experience.
I am, however, extremely concerned. I'm concerned about the extent to which protest is being handled in a very heavy-handed fashion. I'm concerned that perpetrators of abuse against protesters are not being held accountable. There are investigations, but not prosecutions, notwithstanding that there are prosecutions of protesters who have been charged with offences. This imbalance leaves me rather curious.
I'm worried about the extent to which law is being reformed in a manner that's incredibly problematic from a human rights point of view, with great speed and with very little review and haste. Take, most recently, the new, just on I think the fourth of this month, the adoption of the new law on foreign influence, which was brought through like that and has enormous consequences.
I'm asking the authorities, and have already, to slow down and give this society an opportunity to properly debate and reflect. That's just one example of a phenomenon I've seen across recent months, for instance, around the operation of the administrative law offences and so forth.
I'm also very worried about a profoundly anti democracy, anti-modern, human rights-based rule of law society in the form of the Family Values Law, which is an unredeemable law, which is built on misinformation and prejudice with a view to targeting vulnerable people in society.
I'm greatly encouraged by the resilience of civil society and the much put-upon media of that country. I believe that they do now play and will play a critical role in the pathway out of the difficulties that the country faces.
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
15:57:43
Thank you.
Now on behalf of the Group of the Unified European Left, Ms Sophia CHIKIROU.
France, UEL, Spokesperson for the group
15:57:49
Mister Commissioner,
In your report, there's not a word about Palestine, not a word about Gaza. Yet Palestine is a partner of the Council of Europe as part of its neighbourhood policy; Israel is an observer state of our Assembly. Several European Union countries supply arms to Israel, and all European capitals have seen their peoples oppose the genocide underway. Your silence seems to be a political and moral mistake.
Mister Commissioner,
Do you intend to rectify this in 2025? Do you believe that human rights, democracy and the rule of law are valid beyond that date?
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
15:58:25
Commissioner, you have the floor.
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
15:58:28
Thank you, Madam Chikirou.
Yes, my report does engage the issues.
Let me start by saying that I am outraged by what's happening in the Middle East. I'm outraged by what Hamas did in October of that year, and I'm outraged by the violations of international law in the responses by Israel. So, let there be no doubt about that.
But I have a mandate to focus on the situation of human rights inside the Council of Europe, and I must respect that mandate, because the moment I step outside that mandate, I will be expected, quite legitimately, to speak about the situation in multiple other places across the world where horrible acts are being perpetrated on a daily basis.
But that is not to say that the context of Israel and Palestine is not impacting inside the Council of Europe. I am extremely vocal on that.
So, for example, the rise of antisemitism and of anti-Muslim hatred, I have spoken out repeatedly on these issues. I will continue to do so. By the way, I will continue to challenge our countries to gather the data around the incidents of antisemitism and anti-Muslim hatred as a basis on which to act. That's to some extent being done in the EU, but not to a great extent in other Council of Europe member states.
The second dimension is integrating the Muslim and the Jewish communities into a debate about the future of our societies. Again, I think this is underdeveloped, and I want to see it greatly encouraged.
Second, I'm very concerned about the extent of the excessive restraint on protest in Europe. I think, for instance, of the situation in Germany, where we've gone too far in the application of restraint around legitimate freedom of expression, freedom of assembly and association. That is something I'm looking at actively right now. I named one country, but it's actually a number of contexts.
Third, as I've said, and by the way, I've said all of this to the Committee of Ministers, I'm very worried about the exchange of arms. The Council of Europe must be extremely vigilant in terms of the use that arms and armaments and related technology, the use to which it is put by states in the region, because we have to follow the value chain in terms of taking responsibility for the human rights impacts of our trade in or our transfer of arms.
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:01:02
Thank you, Commissioner.
Now we are going on with the rest of our colleagues. I will now give the floor to a group of colleagues, a group of three.
First is Mr Koloman BRENNER.
High Commissioner,
my question would be, he, if you. "No problem, thank you" [spoken in English]
Minority rights are an important part of human rights. My question is about how you see the rights of the traditional national minorities and indigenous peoples of Europe.
These communities are particularly important to our Assembly because we hold both instruments - both the Language Charter and the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities. It would therefore be important not to lose this focus. Thank you very much.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:02:05
Next is Ms Dunja SIMONOVIĆ BRATIĆ.
Thank you, Chair.
Dear Commissioner,
Testerday in Prizren, in the so-called state of Kosovo, 16 pilgrims were arrested. This is a most disturbing legal abuse and a most flagrant violation of religious freedoms, as all the arrested were in Kosovo-Metohija to visit holy places and monasteries of the Serbian Orthodox Church.
The illegal regime in Pristina is trying to create a new history and to take over Serbian Orthodox monasteries and, in the final stage, to establish their Orthodox Church.
What will you do to save people and to protect holy places?
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:02:44
Thank you, Dunja.
Mr Nicos TORNARITIS is next.
Nicos, we cannot hear you. Have you inserted your card? Insert your card. Press the button, wait for a second, and then start.
I'm very sorry.
What is your position on the ongoing illegal sale of properties located in the occupied part of Cyprus, which were unlawfully taken from their rightful Greek-Cypriot owners following the Turkish invasion of 1974?
These lands are now being sold on a massive scale to foreign investors and individuals in clear violation of the European Convention of Human Rights and previous rulings of the European Court of Human Rights.
What actions or measures does the Council of Europe intend to take to address this continuing violation of human rights?
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:04:04
I want to remind you all, you have 30 seconds. It's enough for a question. Please concentrate your question to 30 seconds.
Commissioner, would you like to respond to these three questions?
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
16:04:17
Yes, thank you.
First to Mr BRENNER. Thank you. Indeed. National minority rights are no less human rights than any other human right and need to be taken seriously on that basis. And I will do so. I will do so in very close synchronisation, complementarity with the monitoring body under the Framework Convention and with the new OSCE High Commissioner for National Minorities, whom I will meet in the coming weeks. I have to tell you that I am very committed to taking this issue seriously, because while it's not quite analogous, if you come from the island of Ireland, there's a certain understanding of these issues that perhaps isn't shared universally in Western Europe.
Turning to Madam SIMONOVIĆ BRATIĆ, and thank you very much. I intend and hope to visit Kosovo soon, and in that context, I will stand up for the human rights of everybody in Kosovo, regardless of their origin, regardless of their religion, or rather in full respect of their origin, their identity and their faith. And you have my assurance of that. I was not familiar with the issue you mentioned of just yesterday, but thank you for bringing it to my attention.
And more generally, I believe that defending holy places, be it a church or a mosque or a synagogue, is critical to protecting human rights, democracy and the very fabric of our continent.
Mr TORNARITIS, thank you for your intervention. My approach to the island, the entire of Cyprus, is no different, as I've just said. I will seek to stand up for the human rights of everybody wherever they are, including people who are physically in the northern part of the island. I will engage across the issues. Thank you for raising the issue of the property divestment, of which I'm not, to be honest, particularly familiar with, but I will make myself familiar with the issue. And there are other concerns, such as the persistence of the disappearances, which I think really must be resolved. It's intolerable that there are still disappeared from the 1970s. So you have my assurance that I will stand up for the human rights of everybody on the island, wherever they find themselves.
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:06:32
Thank you, Commissioner.
Madam Arusyak JULHAKYAN, you are next.
Thank you, Mister President.
Distinguished Dr O'Flaherty, from a human rights perspective, I would like to refer to the shame trial against ethnic Armenians in Azerbaijani custody and the importance of their immediate release.
Various human rights organisations and reputable international structures have regularly raised concerns about the manifestations of torture and ill treatment of ethnic Armenians deprived of their liberty.
Moreover, Azerbaijan has even announced plans to shut down the operations of the International Committee of the Red Cross, which is the only organisation permitted to visit Armenian prisoners and facilitate communications with their families.
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:07:17
Thank you, Arusyak.
Ms Carmen LEYTE is next.
Can you hear me now? Yes, I think you can.
Thank you very much. Thank you, President.
I am going to use the language of Cervantes, i.e. Spanish.
First of all, my thanks to the Commissioner, thank you very much, indeed, for your presentation. As always, it has been very interesting.
What I wanted to raise with you is the following: I am so sorry, I am looking at my speech here. We are here in the home, the house, of the Council of Europe, and as always, we are here to defend the rule of law, human rights, and we have said it so many times, it seems to be a platitude, but it is not a platitude. These are rights that we have fought for together and it is a great step forward in terms of our freedom.
I apologise, I didn't hear that. Please be brief. You would like me to be brief? Okay, I understand. I that case, I will get straight to the point, shall I?
So I wanted to, as a woman, speak about gender-based violence. In Spain, in 2016, we set up hundreds of committees [interrupted by the President].
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:08:37
You have already gone over by 1 minute and 5 seconds. The time is 30 seconds. I think the Commissioner has understood what issue you want to ask about.
Ms Tamara VONTA is next.
Tamara? Is Tamara here?
Carmen, nobody can hear you. I think... Commissioner, have you heard the question from Carmen? Yes, OK, he already got the question.
If Tamara is not here, I will give the floor to Ms Wanda NOWICKA.
Thank you, Carmen. Thank you.
Thank you so much, Carmen.
Ms Tamara VONTA is next. Is Tamara here?
Let's go to Ms Wanda NOWICKA.
Wanda.
Thank you, Mister Chair.
Mister Commissioner,
Thank you for raising the issue in your report of temporary suspension of the asylum law in Poland, which certainly is a questionable decision from the point of view of human rights.
I would like you to know that The Left coalition voted against it.
But my question to you is of a more general nature. You were referring to this very problematic trend of reversing human rights. I wonder if you could say what needs to be done in order to come back again to the path of human rights observation and further development, which actually is so important for human rights communities.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:10:40
Dear colleagues, I repeat, you have 30 seconds.
I think that you should not make all this intro by appraising the Commissioner.
We thank him that he's here. We always are obliged that he's here. But go straight to the question. 30 seconds is enough.
So, Commissioner, sorry, I have to be strict, because when I have a list of like 31 colleagues, then I don't want to leave some of them out of this opportunity to ask the Commissioner.
Commissioner, the floor is yours.
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
16:11:10
Thank you. Let me first respond to Ms JULHAKYAN. You actually asked the same question that was posed earlier, so I won't repeat my answer. I would just say that we have to take great care of all the human rights of everybody in the region, including ensuring that those who wish to return to Karabakh are free to do so. This will be critical to the future. And within Armenia itself, I would encourage you to continue to give a warm welcome to those people that you have received from Karabakh.
Turning to Ms LEYTE, madam, you didn't have a chance to pose your question, but I invite you, please, to send it directly to my office. And I will assure you of a written response. But let me assure you that gender-based violence is a high priority for me, and I seek every opportunity to promote ratification, in the first place and implementation in the second, of the Istanbul Convention. And this is a matter I'm raising repeatedly with governments. But please send me your question and I assure you of a specific response.
Ms NOWICKA, you raise the situation of Poland, and indeed, the issue that has preoccupied me in your country has been the situation on the Belarus border. And I will continue to pay it close attention. It was the basis for a visit I undertook and for four different exchanges of correspondence with the authorities.
How do we come back to human rights in the very brief session this afternoon? All I can say is we have to realise what we're losing. We have to realise that the very careful construction to see us through to the future without death and destruction has, at its heart, at its golden thread, respect for human rights. We lose that, and the whole thing can, and frankly, I believe, will fall apart.
So, the first thing is to wake up and get furious and use the full tools of our armories across our different mandates and functions to shout enough.
And let me leave it for there today. But I would look forward to a deeper discussion with you on another occasion.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:13:20
Thank you.
Ms Yevheniia KRAVCHUK is next.
Thank you. I'll go straight to the question.
Mister O'Flaherty, during your visit to Ukraine, you said that peace should be about people, not about minerals.
How do you assess the recent international initiatives to stop the war and how the rights of the victims are addressed right now in these initiatives, including the victims of war crimes, children, internally displaced people. And do you see any risk that the issue of human rights will be sidelined?
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:13:58
Thank you, Yevheniia.
Ms Lise CHRISTOFFERSEN.
Mister Commissioner, on your website, you are focusing on improving the rights of migrants, including access to asylum and essential services. In many European parliaments, including in my own country, Norway, there is a growing support for negotiating agreements on asylum reception centres in third countries.
As our Human Rights Commissioner, what is your opinion on these developments?
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:14:33
Thank you, Lise.
Ms Bisera KOSTADINOVSKA-STOJCHEVSKA is next.
Thank you.
Mister Commissioner, what do you plan to do about Bulgaria not respecting the executions of the judgment, the decisions of the Court of Human Rights, and in particular with your thematic focus of freedom of association and freedom of assembly?
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:14:55
You break the record.
Commissioner, you have the floor.
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
16:14:59
Thank you very much.
First to Ms Yevheniia KRAVCHUK. As you know, Madam, the human rights of the people of your country are my top priority. And I hope I've demonstrated and will continue to demonstrate that. I'm very worried that the recent... by the way, I have no special access to what's going on in terms of peace. I'm learning about it just like everybody else from the media. So I'm very limited in my access into what's going on. But what I see is devoid of attention to human rights. It's about transactions. It's about you give me this, I give you that. And it's not about people. I don't see any mention of people in the more recent, let's call them the more recent geopolitical initiatives around this.
What's more, I don't see women. I look at pictures from places like Riyadh, and I only see men, notwithstanding all the work that's been done around women, peace, and security. And so I'm seeking in every manner possible to engage the levers that are applicable and relevant right now, with a view towards putting human rights at the heart.
I have issued, as you know, a 10-point statement around what it would take to put human rights at the heart of a pathway to peace, which, to some extent, echoes President ZELENSKYY's earlier 10-point plan. And so I will continue to work away on this. I'm very worried, but I'm not in a position to say whether we'll succeed or fail. But not trying is not an option for me.
Ms CHRISTOFFERSEN, excuse me, the phenomenon of inviting third countries to be involved as part of the management of the migrant situation in our countries is concerning for me. It's problematic. Let me put it like that. We should not be offshoring the handling of our challenges. And I'm currently embarked on a study on the different manifestations of so-called externalisation with a view to issuing a report later this year. The different manifestations raise different human rights issues and I hope to offer something of a roadmap to help our member states as they engage the issue.
And Ms KOSTADINOVSKA, I beg your pardon, for some reason I didn't write anything. If you just give me a one-word reminder of the question. I apologise.
What do you plan to do in terms of Bulgaria not respecting the decisions of the Court of Human Rights?
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
16:17:28
I thank you.
I'm sorry, for some reason, I didn't write it down.
I'm mandated under my core mandate, but also following Reykjavík, to support the implementation of judgments of the European Court of Human Rights. I've come to appreciate over the past year that demanding implementation, using the implementation of judgments as my own roadmap with member states, is arguably the most useful thing I can do.
And so you have my assurance that with Bulgaria, as with any other Council of Europe member state, these will be to the forefront. I have sought and will continue to seek a correct and appropriate moment to visit Bulgaria. And I assure you that the judgments of the Court will be to the foremost of my setting of my priorities.
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:18:12
Thank you.
Jamila MADEIRA is next.
Jamila, have you inserted your card? Okay, just press once and wait. Once.
We all know your mandate; you already referred to it. We also know your abilities to build peace. And Gaza is not just another place in the globe, it's next door east. We have historical responsibilities. Human rights are being challenged and tortured. We need the Council of Europe to be next to those people, Palestinian and Israeli, who shout very loudly for peace. Can we count on your abilities, the abilities that we know, that you will be a player to build peace on that ground?
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:19:04
Thank you. Naomi CACHIA is next.
I note the reference to artificial intelligence in the activity report. I believe as Commissioner for Human Rights, you have a very important role in continuing to shape our response to such rapidly evolving technologies. And I would like to ask you how you'd like to see member states continuing to step up their efforts to stop such human rights abuses, especially when it comes to the use of deep fakes, which is being used to create identity theft, even generate child abuse content, as well as spread disinformation?
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:19:45
Thank you.
Alain MILON, you have the floor. Alain.
Thank you, Mister Chairman.
In the context of human rights, my question relates more specifically to the mental health of our populations. Since the Covid-19 crisis, we've noticed that mental health has particularly deteriorated, especially among our young people.
What actions are you planning to take to combat the factors that are worsening the mental health of our young people? I'm thinking in particular of social networks and the use of addictive substances.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:20:37
Thank you.
Commissioner, you have the floor.
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
16:20:41
Thank you very much.
Madam MADEIRA, please do not take the answer I gave earlier to your colleague as in any way an indication of a lack of recognition of how serious the situation is. I fully appreciate the extent and the scale of the horrors. I hope I presented a rational explanation as to the approach I'm taking, which is that I will stay fully and deeply committed around the extent to which the conflict is impacting within our Council of Europe member states. And you can count on me for that.
Turning to Ms CACHIA, yes, effective human rights-based oversight of artificial intelligence is a huge preoccupation of mine. In that context, I both welcome the adoption of the Framework Convention, and I call for its swift coming into force, while recognising that it doesn't fill all the spaces, including in the context of the operation of the private sector and of the security context. I also, for the specific context of the EU, I recognise the AI Act, albeit it, too, while valuable, is not comprehensive.
In terms of contemporary issues, disinformation is, indeed, one, including deepfakes. It requires a much bigger investment from most of our member states in terms of recognition. Some of our member states have the equivalent of a government ministry dealing just with disinformation, while others still more or less ignore it. That's massively problematic, as we see from the extent to which lies are informing, for example, so much political discourse and voter decisions. So, we will continue to need to take this very seriously across the range of actions, such as, for instance, digital literacy, which is still inadequately addressed in many of our schoolrooms.
Mister Alain MILON, thank you very much for raising the issue of mental health, particularly of young people, post-Covid. I'm aware of the concerns. It's not, to be honest, something I've looked at yet. But if you would send me more information and we will see where we can, if it is within our capacity and resources, where we can weave an appropriate attention in. But I'll stop with this. I do recognise that I am engaging on dimensions of it, such as through oversight of artificial intelligence, because to some extent, at least, it's very closely related to the online space, as we were all reminded so very powerfully with this Netflix series just two weeks ago – I think it's called Adolescence – a reminder of the interconnection of the two phenomena.
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:23:17
Thank you.
Mister Joseph O'REILLY.
Joseph, you have the floor.
Commissioner, how detailed is your knowledge of and databases on the up to 50 000 children abducted to Russia from Ukraine? What steps are you taking to rectify and with what success?
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:23:46
Thank you, Joe.
Mister Armağan CANDAN.
Mr Commissioner, did you know that if a child is born in Cyprus to a mixed marriage with one parent being Turkish Cypriot and the other being from Turkey, the Republic of Cyprus in most cases refuses to give him or her citizenship? In other words, a child, one of whose parents is not a Turkish Cypriot, is blocked or delayed to acquire citizenship of Cyprus. This practice based on ethnicity is discriminatory. Thousands of such Cypriot children are denied this very basic human right. Soon we will see a lot of applications coming to the ECHR. Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:24:29
Thank you, Armağan.
Ms Anna-Kristiina MIKKONEN is next.
Mister Commissioner, some states use instrumentalised migration as a means of hybrid alienation.
Figuratively, they are weaponising immigrants in a vulnerable position.
How do you see the instrumentalised migration organised by state actors?
Can we find a solution to respect international law and human rights agreements and hold states responsible for exciting hostile influence?
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:25:05
Thank you, Anna.
Commissioner.
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
16:25:06
Thank you very much.
First, to Senator O'REILLY. The situation of the children abducted to Russia is a huge concern for me, as it is for anybody who cares about human rights in the context of the aggression. I have explored, in particular, the interconnectedness of the systems operating in Kiev for the identification and working towards the return of these children. I've developed a very close collaboration with Dmytro LUBINETZ, the ombudsman of Ukraine, to this end, and he has reported in recent weeks that he has had a remarkable success with literally the negotiation of the release of thousands of children, and I will continue to offer him every possible support in that regard. I will also work very closely with the newly appointed special representative of the Council of Europe, Secretary General for the children of Ukraine. And returning to Ms KRAVCHUK earlier, I will work extremely hard to seek to make sure that the return of these children is an integral element of whatever outcomes will come in the path towards peace.
Turning to Mr CANDAN, again, I can only refer to my previous answer with regard to the human rights of the people of Northern Cyprus, I will pay attention to human rights based on the international standards, European Convention, and the other standards of every human being on the island of Cyprus, whether they're in the northern part of the island or elsewhere. You have my assurance of that. And I'm seeking an early date to visit to gain a better understanding and a deeper engagement.
Ms MIKKONEN, I've done a lot of work around the issue of the instrumentalisation of migration since I took up this mandate, and I will continue to do so. I have visited every – either now or in my previous positions – every impacted border with Belarus and with Russia. The instrumentalisation is a dreadful, reprehensible human rights abuse, but we need not respond to it by lowering our human rights standards. I remain entirely unconvinced that we have to securitise those borders, we have to qualify protection for non-refoulement, we have to tolerate pushbacks, we have to put at risk the right to – well, we deny the right of the application to make an asylum claim, and on and on it goes. The securitisation is different in each of the impacted countries, but it is overall completely unnecessary. The numbers coming across these borders are modest and they are manageable. How is it that we have the capacity to grab people who come across, jump over the fence, let's say, and bring them to a border crossing to send them back, but we don't seem to have the capacity to bring them to a reception centre? It makes no sense. And what's more, if we were to bring them to these reception centres, they would encounter the necessary expertise to do such things as vulnerable assessment. I'm not saying that everybody has a right to cross the border by any means. I'm simply asking that we respect the basics of human rights, and we do not give to Russia and to Belarus the own goal that they are seeking of a reduction of our commitment to the rule of law.
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:28:23
Thank you.
Ms Lesia ZABURANNA is next.
Is Lesia here?
No.
Mr Gergely ARATÓ.
Dear Commissioner, have you got any answer from the Hungarian authorities regarding the ban of the Budapest Pride? Do you make some assessment of the other aspects of this law regarding, for example, the automatic face recognition for automatic punishment for the participants?
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:29:01
Thank you.
Ms Hripsime GRIGORYAN.
Thank you, Commissioner. My questions have already been raised by my colleagues and answered.
I want to say thanks to you and we have had the chance to shortly discuss this before. And I want to express hope that Azerbaijani authorities will grant you access to Baku. But also I want to express hope that there will be more measures and tool sets that you envisage to use to address the issues.
Thank you very much.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:29:36
Thank you. Kacper PŁAŻYŃSKI.
Dear Commissioner, we have been witnessing for many years already huge migration from North Africa and from the Middle East.
In both those regions, Christians are actually massively killed only because they are Christians.
Do you have knowledge that migrants coming from these directions are being examined in case of their eventual involvement in this genocide?
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:30:17
Thank you.
Commissioner, would you like to respond?
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
16:30:20
Thank you. First, with regard to Mr Gergely ARATÓ's question concerning Hungary, I have written twice to the government of Hungary in recent weeks.
First on 19 March, regarding the proposal announced in a speech of the President regarding some kind of an initiative against what were described as fake civil society organisations expressing my concern, albeit we did not have any details. And I wrote again to the Parliament on 24 March 2025, so very recently, around the proposed changes to the fundamental law regarding issues of children, LGBTI, gender identity and facial recognition technology. The Speaker of the National Assembly of Hungary sent me his reply, which was published along with my letter on 2 April.
Thank you, Madam Grigorian. Indeed, I do not have much more I can say other than to assure you that I will use the full panoply, whatever it is, of my capacities, my mandate, my tools in standing up for the human rights of people everywhere, frankly, but not least the people of your country and the neighbouring countries.
Mister Płażyński, I do not recognise the world you describe. A world of a genocide of migrants importing these criminal backgrounds into Europe. I do not see any evidence for it. I will again, on the territory of the Council of Europe, I will stand up for the human rights of everybody, including faith communities. If evidence is brought to me of anti-Christian attacks, I will engage them just as I will attacks against any other faith community. But keep in mind who migrants coming into our countries predominantly are. They are predominantly from what we call refugee-producing countries, meaning that there is at least a strong probability that they are in need of protection. As I said before, when people do not qualify for international protection, they have to go home. We have to do a better job of involuntary return, respectful but involuntary return, of people who do not qualify for protection in our countries.
Thank you.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:32:33
We have now reached the end of our time.
Commissioner,
I would like to thank you so much for being with us today, for presenting us your Annual Activity Report for 2024. There are six more colleagues that didn't have the time to ask you questions, but would you agree if they send the questions to you in written form to answer them in writing?
Okay, thank you so much. Colleagues, the Commissioner agreed. So, if you want to ask him, you can send the questions.
We will now continue the joint debate on the Progress Report of the Bureau and the Standing Committee which was presented by Mr Andrej HUNKO this morning.
With this, we are considering the report by the ad hoc Committee of the Bureau on the Observation of the elections to the Assembly of Kosovo which was presented by Ms Petra BAYR.
We will now continue hearing from registered speakers. I am going to interrupt the list of speakers at around 5:25 p.m. I remind members that the speaking time limit is 3 minutes.
Greece, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:34:23
So, I will give first the floor to Ms Biljana PANTIĆ PILJA.
Biljana.
Thank you so much.
Distinguished ladies and gentlemen,
Elections were held in the southern Serbian province of Kosovo and Metohia. I cannot agree with the statements from the report of my esteemed colleague Ms Petra BAYR.
I would like to point out that the final election results were awaited for more than 30 days, which indicates that there has been serious manipulation of the election results, and that in any country, one does not wait that long for the final results. But this should not come as a surprise, because Kosovo and Metohija is not a state.
The manipulation in the process of conducting the elections led to the distortion of the electoral will of the Serbs. Although the Serb list achieved an election result based on which it should get all 10 guaranteed seats for representatives of Serbs, the Central Electoral Commission awarded the seat to the party of Nenad RAŠIĆ, who represents Albanian interests and received votes exclusively in ethnically Albanian areas.
The main problem is that Nenad RAŠIĆ's party was registered as a party competing for guaranteed seats for the Serbian community, but it received votes exclusively in ethnically Albanian areas. It is clear that this is Albin KURTI's electoral engineering and brutal distortion of the electoral will, as well as a violation of the electoral rights of Serbs.
That the electoral process was compromised has also been confirmed by the European Union's preliminary report, which points to drastic irregularities and abuse of institutions to implement ethnically motivated pressure and discrimination against Serbs. Nowhere in Europe has postal voting been banned as has happened in Kosovo and Metohija, because internally displaced Serbs from central Serbia were prohibited from voting by mail.
Prishtina's institutions tried to ban organised Serbs from going to the polls, but after pressure from the international community, Pristina had to give up on it.
Nowhere have we heard that Serbs in Kosovo and Metohija faced daily oppression by KURTI's regime. Every day, KURTI's regime is taking action against the Serbian population in Kosovo and Metohija, which is why we have a mass exodus of Serbs from Kosovo and Metohija, and the goal is clear: an ethnically pure Kosovo and Metohija.
It is not even worth talking about the Brussels Agreement because, even after more than 10 years, the Community of Serb Municipalities still has not been established, and KURTI, whom you support, has stated that he will not establish it. It is clear, unfortunately, that the human rights of the non-Albanian population are being violated most brutally in Kosovo and Metohija. That the electoral process itself has led to the distortion of the electoral will and that there is no such thing as the rule of law in Kosovo and Metohija.
The sooner you accept this as a reality, the sooner the Serbian people in Kosovo and Metohija will be able to survive in their home. Unless you advocate an ethnically-pure Kosovo Metohija.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:37:51
Thank you.
Now I give the floor to Mr Armen GEVORGYAN from Armenia.
It has been one month since Armenia and Azerbaijan announced an agreement on the text of a so-called peace treaty. This news was met with constructive enthusiasm by the international community.
Despite the fact that the Armenian public has yet to see the text, which remains unpublished. The treaty has not yet been signed in Armenia.
Many now perceive this secretive peace treaty as something that distances us from genuine peace. Instead of fostering confidence in the future, the current negotiation process has generated deep mistrust. The very notion of peace is being distorted, and for many Armenians there is a painful dilemma: whether to accept it as a beginning of a new chapter or the symbol of final defeat.
I am sure you will agree that the value of any agreement lies not merely in its signing, but in the presence of clear guarantees and effective enforcement mechanisms.
Lasting peace requires robust systems of checks and balances, particularly in a fragile regional context.
In our case, such mechanisms are entirely absent.
Moreover, during the negotiation process, the measures originally intended to promote justice and escalation are now excluded. And Azerbaijan has demonstrated how easily European approaches to deterrence can be disregarded.
Dear colleagues, let me once again draw your attention to the shameful trials currently taking place in Baku against Armenian prisoners. Their continuation makes it clear that Azerbaijan is neither prepared to sign nor indeed to implement any peace agreement with Armenia.
We must not forget that Türkiye and Azerbaijan have no history of honouring agreements with Armenia, nor do they show any intentions of building such a record. Their aim is not peaceful co-existence, but rather the exploitation of a historic opportunity to resolve once and for all what they still refer to as the Armenian Question.
Madam Chair, we rightly devoid constant attention to the situation in Gaza, yet we continue to overlook the deliberate destruction of Armenian heritage in Artsakh, Nagorno-Karabakh.
The international mechanisms and institutions designed to prevent such catastrophes are simply not functioning. Azerbaijan continues to violate and ignore rulings by international courts, while the international organisations show alarming indifference to the fundamental rights of Armenians to return to their historic homeland.
The silence of the international community, including that of the Council of Europe, in the face of Azerbaijan's blatant violations of international law signals the collapse of the rules-based international order.
Thank you.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:40:56
Thank you. And now I call Mr Claude KERN.
Thank you, Madam President.
Ladies and Gentlemen,
I would like to thank our colleague Ms Petra BAYR for her report on the observation of the elections to the Kosovo Assembly, which sheds light on the conditions in which these elections took place. I am delighted to note that the elections took place in a peaceful and tension-free atmosphere. In addition, Kosovo Serbs took part in the ballot, demonstrating its inclusive nature. These elements testify to Kosovo's commitment to democracy.
However, I note that the turnout was around 42%, which is still low for parliamentary elections. It is also 7 points lower than in 2021.
For Mr KURTI, whose party is once again in the majority, albeit without an absolute majority, it will be essential to work with other parties to form a majority and tackle the country's problems, including corruption, unemployment and tensions with Serbia.
As you know, Kosovo wishes to become a member of our organisation. For this to happen, the Serbian minority residing in Kosovo must be fully integrated and play an active part in the life of the nation. This requires the creation of an Association of Serbian Municipalities in Kosovo, a body that will guarantee specific rights for Kosovo Serbs.
I would add that the renewed tension we have seen over the past year should prompt our organisation to step up its efforts to promote dialogue between Belgrade and Pristina, in co-operation with the European Union.
Progress must also be made on women's rights. The online hate speech against women during the recent elections is unacceptable, and I hope that the new Kosovo government can take action against it.
Kosovo has a large diaspora and it is only right that they should be able to participate in the elections. The 2023 electoral law offers numerous voting opportunities to encourage this participation. However, it is necessary to compile accurate electoral rolls within a strictly regulated framework to avoid any fraud or manipulation.
In April 2024, our Assembly voted in favor of Kosovo's accession to the Council of Europe, without prejudice to the position of individual member states on Kosovo's statehood. The Committee of Ministers has yet to take a decision, waiting for a number of preconditions to be met before placing this item on its agenda. In the meantime, the elections of 9 February this year demonstrate a democratic maturity that is to Kosovo's credit.
Thank you very much.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:43:49
Thank you, Mister Kern.
And now I give the floor to Ms Dunja SIMONOVIĆ BRATIĆ from Serbia.
Thank you, Chair.
Dear colleagues,
Even if we had gotten this report two days ago, and I'll remind you that the rule is at least seven days before session, eventually I found satisfaction with some parts of this report. Namely, with this report we have a written official confirmation from PACE that there is a permanent violation of human rights, especially Serbian human rights in Kosovo and Metohija.
The rapporteur pointed out the very tense atmosphere before the elections and shed light on unfortunate circumstances after elections towards the Serbian minority. She also pointed out dramatic irregularities within voters lists. The discrepancy with the number of registered voters and the real number is nearly a half million, because they have more dead on the list than in graves. Also on the voters list are children not yet eligible to vote.
In paragraph 31, the rapporteur stresses a big problem regarding Internally displaced persons who live mostly in the rest of the Republic of Serbia and cannot use their right to vote, even though the Venice Commission and the Committee of Ministers adopted a recommendation to enable Internally displaced persons to effectively exercise their right to vote in national, regional or local elections.
There are more than 250 000 people with that status on a legitimate, authentic, representative list of Serbian minority: Srpska Lista. KURTI's regime tried to ban this list. The international community put pressure on that decision, and they participated. In the end, from 10 seats for the Serbian minority, Srpska Lista won all 10. But Kurti's regime stole one mandate and gave it to Mr Nenad RAŠIĆ, who is Serbian only in name.
In reality, he's a loyalist to Kurti's regime who got his votes from the Albanian majority areas.
Bullying representatives of Srpska Lista is continuing. Yesterday from their Ministry of Justice we could hear that they want to abolish its very existence and mark it as a terrorist group.
Ms Vjosa OSMANI after the election stated that there is no chance to establish an Association of Serbian Municipalities. That was the main request for Kosovo to enter the Council of Europe. Terror on Serbian people is even worse than last year. Yesterday, 16 men were arrested because they participated in a liturgy in a monastery near Prizren. Kurti's regime said in public that they were criminals.
This terror from the illegal and illegitimate authorities in Pristina must stop. From this place it must be condemned. Although Kosovo has no recognition as a state in the UN, it signed a military agreement with Albania and Croatia. This agreement only brings more unrest to the already tense situation in the Western Balkans. The Republic of Serbia is the strongest and largest country in the region, preserves peace, and it takes its role very responsibly and seriously.
Dear colleagues,
Summarising this report, as a member of the Serbian delegation, I can only add that if you look at this report objectively, you can only be more certain that so-called Kosovo could not and must not become a member of Council of Europe.
Thank you.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:47:09
Thank you, Madam Simonović.
And now I call Mr Paweł JABŁOŃSKI from Poland.
Thank you, Madam President.
Dear colleagues,
On the progress report, once again, we will debate many issues here. We will condemn human rights violations all across the world, even outside Europe. Very important things. But we again turn a blind eye to the problems that we have here, at home, in Europe.
In Romania, a politicised court first annulled the presidential election. Then a politicised electoral bureau banned a candidate with the strongest popular support from running in these elections. In France, a politicised judicial body decided that a candidate with the strongest popular support is banned from running in the elections, even before a final court ruling in the first instance. Now that's the rule of law, isn't it?
In Iran, before every presidential election, there is a guardian council that rejects almost all the candidates that do not comply with the values of the Islamic revolution. And it seems that now in Europe we will have similar councils that would reject candidates that do not comply with the values of the liberal left. What is the difference here, dear colleagues? Because the principle is the same. The ruling elite wants to stay in power. In Iran, it is an Islamic elite. In Europe, it's a left liberal oligarchy that is ready to weaponise the criminal justice system to achieve the main goal, to remain in power even against the will of the people. Is that the famous European rule of law? Is that the revered European democracy?
No, dear colleagues, it is fear. It is fear that the people will reject left-wing and liberal governments. And I would like to urge you, dear colleagues, especially from the left side, be not afraid. Do not be afraid of discussion here in this Assembly. And most of all, do not be afraid of the people. Let democracy win. Let's discuss it here, even if it means that you will lose.
Thank you.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:49:17
Thank you, Mister Jabłoński.
And now I call Mr Vladimir ĐORĐEVIĆ from Serbia.
Thank you, Madam Chair.
Dear colleagues,
Today we speak about elections in a place built on stolen Serbian land, on terrorism, violence, and blood. A place where Serbian Orthodox cemeteries were destroyed, where UNESCO protected monasteries were torn down. Where the centuries-long presence of the Serbian people has been systematically erased. A place where the "yellow house" became a symbol of horrifying crimes, kidnappings, torture, and organ trafficking that no one has ever truly investigated or punished.
Today, the West calls these elections democratic, even though they are anything but. Albin KURTI, just like other authoritarian leaders, is using fake elections to hold onto power. In the vote held on 9 February, his party got the most votes, but not the majority. He won 48 seats, far from the 61 needed to form a government.
Now, two months later, there is still no government. Negotiations drag on while the voice of the Serbian people is being silenced and their rights are reduced to a statistical error. This is just another act of a political farce, played out on land that is still based on the memory of truth. And the truth is, Kosovo has always been, is and will be part of Serbia.
Let me remind you, it was this Kosovo, this precedent that broke off Serbia's sovereignty, this violation of international law that gave Russia its excuse for aggression against Ukraine. Now, while you sit here and support Ukraine, it is hypocritical not to do the same for Serbia. You forget, Putin pointed directly to your actions in Kosovo. He said if small EU countries can support Kosovo's secession, then Russia, as a world power, can take back its own stolen lands.
Let us be clear, aggression is aggression. International law is international law. There is no such word as precedent in it. You invented it, and now what you created is coming back. It is coming back to all of us. The only question that remains is, who is next?
Thank you.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:51:57
Thank you, Mister ĐORĐEVIĆ.
Now I give the floor to Mr Alain MILON from France.
Thank you, Madam President.
My speech will be a little different from the previous two.
First of all, I'd like to thank our colleague Ms Petra BAYR for her report.
I would also like to praise the successful elections held in February 2025. They were pluralist, which testifies to Kosovo's growing democratic maturity. It is also commendable that the elections were held in accordance with the new electoral law adopted in 2023, which implements many of the Council of Europe's previous recommendations. This demonstrates Kosovo's commitment to aligning its democratic practices with European standards.
It is also encouraging to note the return to the political scene of the political party representing a Serbian minority, which won the ten seats reserved for this minority. It is vital that all minorities can be represented in the national parliament, and we hope that this will contribute to more balanced representation and constructive co-operation between the different communities.
However, despite these advances, challenges remain.
Polarisation and deep divisions were evident in the particularly harsh rhetoric of the election campaign. The unfair conditions of competition between the main parties and the smaller ones, as well as the malfunctioning of the independent media commission, remain matters of concern.
Like many others, I look forward to the formation of the new government.
Consultations with representatives of non-majority communities are underway. I hope that the Council of Europe can continue to work with the Kosovo authorities to strengthen the rule of law, the fight against corruption and the integration of non-majority communities.
At the same time, the normalisation of relations with Serbia is imperative for Kosovo. Tensions between the two countries have been rekindled by recent incidents. These events underline the urgent need to strengthen regional co-operation and promote stability. Kosovo and Serbia must work together to ease tensions and build a common future based on mutual trust and respect for the rights of all communities.
In short, the February 2025 elections in Kosovo represent a significant step forward, but they are only one step on the road to stability and European integration. Normalisation of relations with Serbia is obviously the key to overcoming the remaining obstacles and making membership of the various international organisations possible.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:55:04
Thank you, Mister Milon.
Now I call Ms Yevheniia KRAVCHUK from Ukraine.
Thank you, Madam Chair.
Dear colleagues, of course, we're discussing important issues – the violation of human rights around the globe. But I want to bring your attention to what happened in Ukraine just a few days ago. A brutal attack on civilians in the city of Kryvyi Rih. It's in the eastern part of the country, and a Russian missile – ballistics, actually – hit the residential area and the playground where kids were playing on the Friday evening. This brutal attack took 20 lives, nine of which were children. Today, at the same time we're speaking here, the first children are being buried in Kryvyi Rih. A nine-year-old who was just in the car. Two school sweethearts, 15 years old. They had just met after school. A 50-year-old mum, who saved her son, and died when she was covering her son with her body. And, of course, it's the violation of the right to live. That's what Ukraine has constantly been going through these years. And it's even more important to underline that during this peace negotiation, what we hear is that there cannot be peace without justice – justice to these people.
And at the same time, Russia claimed they attacked NATO instructors in the restaurant in that area. Which is, of course, fake, lies, propaganda. And that's what they're probably trying to address to your societies as well.
And, of course, we need to take care of democracy. And I think that PACE – the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe – should be a moral compass, should be a stronghold of respect for democracy, respect for human rights.
And another thing I would like to address is the role of youth. And the progress report mentions that, finally, we are going to the finalisation of this mechanism of the youth rapporteur. And it's extremely important for democracy because even here in France, where the Council of Europe is situated, 30% of young people believe that there is a better form of government than democracy, and 50% do not believe that their voice counts or that it can influence the system.
So that's why it's so important to be engaged with young people. And I really welcome this mechanism. And we will vote on the resolution tomorrow that will sort of finalise this mechanism.
Thank you, colleagues. Thank you for standing for human rights and democracy.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
16:58:12
Thank you, Madam Kravchuk.
Now I call Ms Hripsime GRIGORYAN from Armenia.
Thank you, Madam President.
As we start today, our second part session, the world around us is by no means getting an easier, safer and freer place to live in, unfortunately.
The threats that our most cherished values are facing are coming both from external sources, but also from our own countries, from within. And we're facing numerous threats and we have numerous struggles for our economies, for our freedoms, for our security.
While all are crucial, today, the security issues are probably even more pressing. I want to share with you the efforts that Armenia puts forward to ensure stability and peace in the South Caucasus that will certainly have an immense impact on neighbouring regions and beyond.
On 13 March, after three years of intense negotiations, Armenia agreed on the latest version of the peace agreement with Azerbaijan and informed Azerbaijan about this. As can be imagined, genuine commitment to the peace agenda and strategic patience were required and were provided. More than 60 countries and organisations, among them our organisation, have saluted the finalisation of the agreement and encouraged the sides to proceed with signing it.
Sadly, Azerbaijan put forward artificial preconditions. Moreover, Azerbaijan conducted a disinformation campaign regarding alleged ceasefire violations along the border.
Dear colleagues, Armenia has no intention, no interest in any escalation. The opposite. We have proposed a number of mechanisms to build trust, among them a joint mechanism to investigate the ceasefire violations, mere distancing of the troops from the border areas, and mutual arms control.
Azerbaijan, unfortunately, has not reacted positively to any of these, raising legitimate concerns about the genuine intentions of these repetitive allegations and in general about the real desire for peace.
Trust issues are the hardest to address. Our vision is to build trust step by step. Steps that will create guarantees for not returning to the reality of conflict and antagonism. The signing of the peace treaty is essential. Another step is to unblock the regional communications. In particular, to lift the blockade of Armenia by Azerbaijan, which would facilitate the blocking of the Armenia–Türkiye border. If there is anything that can come close to a guarantee for peace and stability in today's turbulent reality, it's probably connectedness and interdependency. Hence, we need open rails, roads and routes to achieve this.
Dear colleagues, peace can no longer be prolonged, and I call on all of you to make Azerbaijan sign the peace treaty and make peace a reality. The people of our region, just like every other people, deserve the long-awaited peace and our duty is to deliver it.
Thank you very much.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
17:01:15
Thank you, Madam Grigoryan.
And now I call Mr Marko PAVIĆ from Croatia.
Thank you, Madam Chair.
Ladies and gentlemen, I would like to talk about the progress report.
As the head of the Croatian delegation and also Vice-President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE), I had the honour of participating in the European Conference of Presidents of Parliament here in this Assembly just a few weeks ago.
This high-level event reaffirmed our shared commitment to the core values of the Council of Europe: democracy, human rights, and rule of law.
We had three thematic panels: the first one was safeguarding democracy – a timely and necessary dialogue in face of rising authoritarianism; guaranteeing freedom of expression in times of polarisation and uncertainty; and violence against politicians.
When we talk about preserving democracy, I refer to the speech that in this poll was done by the President of Verkhovna Rada, Mr Ruslan STEFANCHUK, where we remembered how we fight for democracy and how we support Ukraine.
Croatia supported Ukraine all the way around. From hosting the first Crimean Platform summit in Zagreb to a most recent visit by the speaker of Croatian Parliament Mr Gordan JANDROKOVIĆ to Bucha.
On the third anniversary of Bucha Liberation, Mr JANDROKOVIĆ attended the summit where we all remembered the monstrosity that happened in Bucha and what honourable colleague Ms Yevheniia KRAVCHUK said, "We can't remember Bucha and not be aware [of] what happened just days ago when nine children were killed on a playground in the area of the hometown of President ZELENSKYY."
When we defend Ukraine, we defend democracy, we defend the rule of law. That's why also President ZELENSKYY thanked the Croatian Government for 13 military aid packages and for hosting the upcoming international conference on war veterans in Croatia this autumn.
As Croatia, we fully support Ukraine. We fight for human rights, for democracy. Also, we need to continue to back that aid not just with words, but with military support and active parliamentary democracy.
Thank you very much.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
17:03:52
Thank you, Mister PAVIĆ.
And now I call Oleksii GONCHARENKO from Ukraine.
Thank you.
Three. Three years old was Tymofii, who was killed in Kryvyi Rih on the playground last week.
Just imagine, he was born under Russian missiles. He was born after the start of Russia's full-scale invasion. All his short life, three years, he lived in the war. He didn't know what other reality exists. When he was three years old, he was killed by a Russian missile.
It happened because Ukraine is not protected from Russian missile attacks, and they are killing – absolutely deliberately – civilians like that time in Kryvyi Rih, when they killed 19 people, including nine children.
One more fact: 39. Thirty-nine seconds. Thirty-nine seconds. Exactly one year ago, a Russian missile was in Poland's airspace. And Poland did not intercept it. The then Minister of Defence of Poland came and said, you know, after 39 seconds in our airspace, a Russian missile turned back to Ukraine. That's it.
Tell me, how can it be? What is this saying to Vladimir PUTIN? How much does it embolden PUTIN to kill more and more and more? Even when a Russian missile entered European airspace, Europe was waiting to see when it would go back to Ukraine maybe to kill somebody, maybe not. How can you explain this to me? I can't. It's time to act. Especially now. Especially when you see what's happening with American support. We need decisions from Europe. All these summits, talking, all these sorry, it's an F-word. They don't work. A coalition of the willing, a coalition of the strong, a coalition of the not so strong, a coalition of waiting, and that's it.
Several steps can be taken by Europe right now: seize Russian assets: €200 billion. With this money we can buy weapons. We can stop Russia. It's not Europeans who should pay for what Russia did. We are still looking at this money. They are frozen but not seized.
Second, concentrate air defense on the Polish–Ukrainian and the Romanian–Ukrainian borders. Just protect yourself, Europe, from Russian missiles and drones. And by this also protect part of Ukrainian territory. Make this umbrella, an umbrella that will save hundreds of lives.
Three, contingent to Ukraine, boots on the ground. Not to fight. I understand no European mother wants her child to die in Ukraine fighting against Russia. But to protect the Ukrainian–Belarusian border, the Transnistrian part of Ukrainian–Moldovian border and by this, free Ukrainian forces to fight. To stop the Russians, we do not need coalitions. We need decisions, and we need them now.
Thank you very much.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
17:07:20
Thank you, Mister GONCHARENKO.
Now I give the floor to Ms Saranda BOGUJEVCI, Assembly of Kosovo.
Dear Chair, dear colleagues,
On 9 February we held our national elections in the Republic of Kosovo where 28 political entities ran for a mandate to the Kosovo Parliament, eight of which are of political entities of the majority community, and the rest, namely 20 of them, are political entities of the non-majority communities in Kosovo.
These elections were inclusive, they were free and fair, and we take pride in that.
These are also the first elections since the Parliament passed a new law on general elections and the reforms introduced amendments in higher level of transparency, which included video recording of the voting process in all polling stations across Kosovo; out of country voting, which includes voting in the diplomatic missions and consulates, as well as voting by mail; and increased disclosure and oversight of finances of political entities.
The Republic of Kosovo values its diverse society and gives great importance in ensuring that the voices of minority communities in Kosovo are heard, and that they actively participate in the country's democracy and state-level decision making.
These rights are enshrined in our constitution by which 20 seats are reserved for non-majority communities, 10 for the Serbian community and 10 for other minority communities, three for the Bosnians, two for the Turkish community, one for the Gorani, one for the Roma, one for the Ashkali community and one for the Egyptian community. An additional seat is allocated for either Ashkali, Egyptian, or Roma, depending on the number of the votes that they receive.
Moreover, the MPs of the non-majority communities have the power of veto on vital laws which include education, defence, religion, and language.
I don't think any other country within the Balkans and in some other countries within the EU guarantee such rights to minorities. We take pride in that.
These elections of course were observed by local and international organisations, including the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) delegation, and we also had a delegation from the EU. We would like to thank the PACE delegation for taking the decision of course to come and observe and for their fantastic work. Of course, many thanks to the Chair Ms Petra BAYR for her hard work and comprehensive report.
In a week, more specifically on the 15 April, the Republic of Kosovo's President called the constitutive session of the parliament to be held. On this day the new presidency will be elected, which will be comprised of the president and five vice-presidents. One will be of the majority, two will be of the opposition, and two, of course, of the minorities, which is guaranteed.
If I may just add quickly also that we have an increase of women's participation in our elections. I'm really proud to say that in the last three elections that we've had, women in the party, but also in the other parties, are getting elected without the quota.
Because I'm the only Kosovar who's really speaking, I just want to point out two things which were addressed here.
One, that the men that were arrested actually were connected to those that committed the Banjska terror attack and weapons were found on them, knives and axes. Also just to my colleague, when he talked about blood, yes, there was blood in that land and it was mine and of my family. This Sunday, my brother would have celebrated his 35th birthday, but he can't because he was killed when he was nine years old. I'm going to spare all of you the state in which he was killed at and I remember to this day.
I know you don't seem to have shame with your colleagues, but I expected at least a little bit of humanity in you, and clearly there is none.
Thank you.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
17:11:46
Thank you, Madan BOGUJEVCI.
Now I call Ms Larysa BILOZIR from Ukraine.
Thank you, Madam President.
Dear colleagues,
First of all I would like to thank the Bureau and all colleagues engaged in addressing the pressing challenges facing our countries. Admitted, so many vital current and urgent debates from which you can see how the world is being destabilised these days.
I highlight your focus on Ukraine. The Bureau's decision to participate in the Black Sea Forum in Odesa at the end of May is incredibly crucial. The Black Sea remains a critical flashpoint. PUTIN has not given up the idea of capturing Odesa, cutting off Ukraine and Europe from the Black Sea, weaponising food, and threatening food security issues. Odesa, which regularly suffers from attacks by Russia, last month felt a particularly intense Russian attack. Numerous casualties, fires, damaged houses, hotels, shops, regular attacks on port infrastructure. So, I urge you, colleagues, to come to Odesa on 13 May, as your presence there will be a signal and sign of solidarity with Ukraine.
We will have, on Wednesday, a very important debate under urgent procedures, Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine, tabled by the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe and our Chair, Mr Iulian BULAI, as, despite so-called peace talks, the war of aggression grows more desperate by each day.
Only over the past week, Russia has been attacking most regions of our country. Only last week, Russia used 1 300 air-navigated bombs. Only during the last week, thousands of Shahed drones, dozens of missiles have been used to attack Ukrainian towns. Russia's attacks become sophisticated, as they improve their weapons in order to kill as many innocent civilians as possible, to destroy as much infrastructure as possible. This is a war of exhaustion.
We need more systematic support from the European countries. More sanctions, more defence systems to protect our children. More military support. We have to understand, Russia stops only when it is stopped. As my colleague said, three days ago, there was an unprecedented attack on Kryvyi Rih. A ballistic missile, a Kassit B cell, struck a playground when children were there with their beloved ones on the warm eve of Friday. The day before in Sumy, 19 children were injured, wounded. Russia cruelly targeted a school in the centre of Sumy. This is what Russian peacefulness looks like. Now the entire so-called civilised world is listening attentively to the leader of a terrorist state who demands that the abused victim's property be divided and PUTIN be given guarantees that the victim will not protect itself or arm itself.
Accountability for war crimes in Ukraine must remain at the forefront of our Assembly's work. Please stay in full solidarity with Ukraine and all those fighting for freedom and democracy.
Thank you.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
17:15:07
Thank you, Madam Bilozir.
Now I call Ms Sibel ARSLAN from Switzerland.
She is not here. So, I call Ms Elvira KOVÁCS from Serbia.
Thank you, distinguished Chair.
Dear colleagues,
A number of challenges are endangering the capacity to protect the rights of persons belonging to national minorities.
The challenge for the authorities is how to build societies in which minorities are not merely tolerated, but respected and perceived as an equal and integral part. In other words, how to achieve the full and effective equality of persons belonging to national minorities.
Experience has shown that bringing legislation into line with international instruments is not sufficient to ensure the effective implementation of minority rights. Especially where mindsets have not changed and minorities are still perceived as a threat.
It is obvious that the establishment of an intermunicipal association in the case of Pristina, the establishment of the Association of Serb Majority Municipalities, is an international obligation and the most concrete way to ensure the effective protection of the Serbian community in the northern municipalities.
Unfortunately, no progress has been achieved towards the establishment of this association yet. We are noting with disappointment the unwillingness of the authorities in Pristina to take action towards the resolution of crucial issues with regard to the protection of minority rights.
I would like to draw attention to the fact that electoral manipulations of the Pristina authorities in the electoral process of 9 February have now culminated in the open distortion of the electoral will of the Serbs.
Although the Serb List achieved an electoral result that entitles it to all 10 guaranteed seats designated for Serb representatives, votes from exclusively Albanian populated areas have been allocated to another party that competed for Serb-designated parliamentary seats. Based on this, it was announced that the Serb List would receive nine seats while the other party would receive one guaranteed seat for Serb representatives.
I would like to underline that this manipulation is merely the continuation of a systematic pattern of violation and suppression of human and democratic rights of Serbs in Kosovo and Metohija.
During the electoral process, this policy of suppression first manifested through an attempt to block the registration and certification of the Srpska Lista, followed by an effort to ban it from participating in the elections.
Further evidence of these manipulations is the month-long delay in announcing official results.
It is absolutely necessary to take all measures to de-escalate tensions in the north of Kosovo and Metohija and refrain from decisions which may affect the rights and living conditions of the Serb community and lead to a further deterioration of the security situation. Any solution must be based on compromise with full respect for the position and interest of Belgrade also.
Thank you.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
17:18:21
Thank you, Ms Kovács. Now I call Mr Pavlo BAKUNETS from Ukraine.
Madam President.
Dear members of the Assembly,
It's a great honour for me to be here with you in this centre of democracy.
Dear representatives of democratic European countries,
First of all, thank you because it's a great honour for me to tell you here and tell you this word thank you. It's real that Russia decided to destroy Ukraine, destroy democracy and destroy Europe. And we have been fighting for the last 12 years, every day, the strong Ukrainian people. And I am a member of the Ukrainian delegation here. And we are here because of brave Ukrainian soldiers. Because of your support for our brave Ukrainian people. That's why. Thank you. And my mission here is to tell you the truth, to tell you facts, what Russia is doing against the Ukrainian people.
And to tell the truth. Last Sunday, Sunday morning, when I was preparing to come here, I woke up because of the sound of the air alarm. It was a big missile attack on Kiev. And it was a missile attack on Mykolaiv, Sumy, Kharkiv and Khmelnytskyi. Two days earlier, Russia used ballistic missiles against children in Kryvyi Rih. Missiles hit yards and children's playgrounds. Russia killed nine children. Unfortunately, in one moment. The number of air attacks in Ukraine's cities is increasing. This shows Russia's real goal: to continue the war, to kill Ukrainians, to destroy Ukraine, to destroy Europe.
And that's why Europe must stay united. All forces, all free democratic wars should be directed to bringing peace and safety to Ukraine and Europe.
Thank you to each of you for standing with Ukraine.
Thank you.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
17:21:12
Thank you, Mister Bakunets.
Now I call Mr Gerardo GIOVAGNOLI from San Marino.
Thank you, President.
Thank you, Petra.
For the reports and the good work done in Kosovo, thank you, Andrej, for these 15 years of work.
I was part of the delegation to observe the elections in Kosovo and the experience suggested to me some reflections, more than on the functioning of the democratic institutions of the vote itself, on the effort applied in recent years by Kosovo, as by other countries that are not yet members of the Council of Europe or that are trying to join the European Union.
The willingness and passion that these states often put into approaching our institution shows that there is not only the unfortunately widespread tendency to violate our principles and values, but also the opposite. That is, that democracy, the rule of law and human rights continue to be a beacon, especially for those populations that experienced, not so long ago, war, widespread poverty, ethnic clashes and institutional backwardness. Kosovo is one such example. Only 25 years ago that country was fighting for its independence. Thousands were dying in a European conflict that we tend to forget.
Only 17 years ago it unilaterally declared independence. In these few years the civil progress, economic improvement, institutional efforts, have been gigantic and have been accompanied by a strong desire to be part of multilateral bodies such as the Council of Europe. We become aware of the strength and goodness of our values, especially on two occasions, unfortunately, when these have not yet been realised and when we begin to lose them. In fact, in several countries the loss of those values coincides with the exit from the Council of Europe, see Russia, then Azerbaijan, hopefully not definitively so with Georgia.
Ultimately, studying what is happening in countries like Kosovo and others that want to come closer to us helps us to have more awareness of what our predecessors achieved through a courageous and effective struggle. More awareness of our strength and sense of our organisation, because the memory of what it means to have illiberal, undemocratic, repressive regimes in the populations of those places is alive and it is also compelling.
Paradoxically, unfortunately, we can learn more from those who are not yet in our family than from those who challenge and debase our values. The outcome of the report on the observation of the elections in Kosovo, largely positive, gives us encouraging elements, extremely necessary at this time when a climate of pessimism and resignation seems to be dominant. This cannot be the case. We need to be more careful and active in emphasising how important the Council of Europe is, because it is a good and still coveted thing.
Thank you.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
17:24:29
Thank you, Mister Giovagnoli.
Now I call Mr Aleksandar MIRKOVIĆ from Serbia.
Thank you.
Ladies and gentlemen,
With a deep concern we draw attention to the fact that electoral manipulation of the Pristina authorities in the electoral process have now culminated in the open distortion of the electoral will of the Serbs.
Specifically, although the Serb List achieved an electoral result that entitles the 10 guaranteed seats, the Central Election Commission has unlawfully allocated votes from the exclusively Albanian populated areas to another party. Based on this, the CEC has announced that the Serb List will receive nine seats while the other party will receive one.
This party is Nenad RAŠIĆ's party, representing Albanian interests and lacking legitimacy among the Serb community.
It appears that votes it got from the Albanian-majority areas were facilitated by the party of its political ally and leader of the regime repressing Serbs, Mr Albin KURTI, given that without the votes from Albanian populated areas it would not have secured the necessary support for even one Serb-designated mandate.
It is evident that the Pristina authorities are brutally violating democratic rights in imposing a new form of electoral coercion on the Serbs.
We underscore that this manipulation is merely the continuation of a systematic pattern of violation and suppression of human and democratic rights of Serbs in Kosovo and Metohija.
During the electoral process the policy of suppression by the Pristina regime first manifested through an attempt to block the Srpska Lista, followed by an effort to ban it from participating in the election altogether. After failing, they eliminated the legitimate political representative of the Serbian people from the electoral process. Mr Albin KURTI openly admitted his intention stating, "We had a historic opportunity to prevent the candidacy of the Serb List in the election".
To that effect, the Pristina authorities went to illegally and drastically reduce the number of representatives for the Serb List in electoral boards and centres in Serbian-majority areas of Kosovo and Metohija. By having their numbers lowered below the legal minimum, the legitimate Serb representatives were directly prevented from overseeing the electoral process.
Nenad RAŠIĆ's party was given a disproportionally large representation in these same election bodies. All of this was not enough, so Albin KURTI secured 421 votes for Nenad RAŠIĆ.
A clear case of electoral manipulation was in Gjilan, Pristina, and Srbica, where Nenad RAŠIĆ received 167 votes for Albanian people. The most drastic case was in one city prison where Nenad RAŠIĆ's party received 157 votes for Albanian people.
As you can see, all of this is false, just like the independence of so-called Kosovo, because Kosovo is not a state, because Kosovo is Metohija, and Matohia is Serbia.
Thank you.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
17:27:41
Thank you, Mister Mirković. And the last person I give the floor to is Mr Bekim KJOKU from North Macedonia.
Thank you.
Considering the current situation in Serbia, I can understand why the Serbs here envy the Kosovo Albanians and the Kosovo Serbs, actually.
Dear colleagues, let me begin by being a bit sarcastic. It is evident that the world as we know it has been turned upside down. Today we heard a member of this Assembly claim that the electoral process in Germany, one of the oldest and most established democracies, has suffered irregularities. Meanwhile, the youngest country in Europe, a 17-year old democracy still in its teenage years, has demonstrated remarkable capacity in organising fair, democratic and competitive elections.
During the winter session of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, the Minister of Foreign affairs and Foreign Trade of Luxembourg, Mr Xavier BETTEL, presented the key priorities of the Luxembourg Presidency of the Committee of Ministers. Among various topics, Mr BETTEL was asked about the status of Kosovo's membership in the Council of Europe. He responded by saying that we must wait for the outcome of the upcoming elections.
Now that we know that Kosovo has conducted what is widely recognised as the most free, fair and democratic election process in the region, there is no longer any justification for delaying its membership. Furthermore, there was strong participation from all minority communities in the voting process. Even though they constitute less than 7% of Kosovo's population, minority communities hold 17 of the total seats in municipal councils, ensuring substantial political representation. If there are concerns regarding minority rights, I direct you to the report of the Council of Europe's eminent lawyers, which clearly states that Kosovo not only meets but in many areas exceeds international human rights standards. If there is a sincere worry about the protection of these rights, then that further reinforces the argument for admitting the Republic of Kosovo as a full member of the Council of Europe, where these rights will be safeguarded under the highest standards through the Council and its respected tools.
In recent years, Kosovo has demonstrated remarkable capacity in organising fair and democratic elections, particularly since Albin KURTI and the Vetëvendosje Movement assumed governance four years ago. This has brought a fresh and energising presence to the democratic process in Kosovo. According to the V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, Kosovo ranks first in the Western Balkans in terms of democracy and is one of only nine countries worldwide that have shown continuous progress in democratic development.
Speech not pronounced (Rules of Procedure, Art. 31.2), only available in French
(Undelivered speech, Rules of Procedure Art. 31.2)
Ladies and Gentlemen,
We are here to consider the report of the Council of Europe’s election observation mission in the territory known as so-called Kosovo. Exactly one year ago, this very forum discussed the application for so-called Kosovo’s membership in the Council of Europe. Since then, the position of the Serbian community in Kosovo and Metohija is increasingly difficult and their population is decreasing each day.
We cannot speak of democracy and free elections on so called Kosovo because the regime led by Mr. Albin Kurti, demonstrates anything but democracy.
Today in Kosovo and Metohija is happening a form of silent, ongoing ethnic cleansing. Albin Kurti’s actions are aimed at driving out the remaining Serbs so to make the north of KIN would free of Serbs.
Of the three essential criteria set for Kosovo’s potential admission to this Council, only one has been addressed, and even there, no real progress has been made.
But beyond what is written in the elections report, I must share what has been omitted in it:Expropriation for additional militarization of Northern Kosovo is still ongoing. Also, the Community of Serb Municipalities has not been formed even 4,000 days after the signing of the Brussels Agreement.
These measures have severely disrupted everyday life, pushing Serbs to seek basic services across the administrative line in central Serbia, further complicating the lives of Serbs. Northern Kosovo has been militarized, armed members of the ROSU special unit patrol Serbian streets, contrary to Resolution 1244 laying down that ROSU members should not be there.
First responders in critical situations, also according to Resolution 1244, should be KFOR and EULEX. Why have KFOR and EULEX been marginalized, while Serbs have been left to the brutality of Kurti's special forces?
He banned the import of Serbian goods, textbooks and medicines in Northern Kosovo. Finally, he abolished Cyrillic signs with the names of villages in Northern Kosovo.
Serbian people have been terrorised by armed forces and even institutions in so called Kosovo have confirmed the excessive use of force against Serbs.
The solution for Kosovo is agreement between two peoples. None of the imposed solution is good solution because it leads to new conflicts.
We do not want conflict to return. We want peace.
That is why we are seeking solutions through dialogue with respect for the interest on both sides.
Thank you.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
17:31:14
Thank you, Mister Kjoku.
And now I must interrupt the list of speakers.
The speeches of members on the speakers' list who have been present during the debate but have not been able to speak may be given to the Table Office for publication in the official report.
I remind colleagues that the type-written text can be submitted, electronically if possible, no later than 4 hours after the list of speakers is interrupted.
And now I call Mr Andrej HUNKO to reply. You have 3 minutes.
Thank you very much, Madam President,
I will speak in German.
First of all, at the request of Ms Petra BAYR, who is no longer able to respond, I would like to thank the members of the Election Commission in Kosovo and the Secretariat for their work and for the many questions and critical comments that have been addressed to Ms Petra BAYR.
Overall, I would say that this debate also shows - as does the fact that we have had so many requests for urgent and current affairs this week - how alarming our situation around our countries is becoming. I don't think this is a coincidence either. We are living in a time when war is returning to Europe: the war in Ukraine, also around Europe, the war now in Gaza and also tensions in other countries. We are also feeling how more and more debates are being geopoliticised. In such a situation, democracy, the rule of law and human rights are under particular pressure. And here it is particularly important for the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, for the Council of Europe as a whole, not to be biased, to be balanced and to look not only at one thing, but also at various other things.
I would like to mention a few points that have not been discussed now, but which actually deserve a more intensive debate: the situation of the Alawites in Syria. We have criticised the Assad regime for years, but what is happening now? It's quite devastating - it's not an issue. And I also think - of course this has been mentioned a few times, and I don't want to go into the individual countries now, but I see a danger that lawfare - the political instrumentalisation of justice - will return or come to Europe, as we perhaps know it from Latin America - I'm reminded of the Lula case. And that is also a danger, without going into more detail about the individual countries. Some of them have been mentioned.
It was also mentioned, and I also mentioned it at the beginning, that even in Germany, which is considered an established democracy, we have considerable problems with this last early Bundestag election on February 23. I hope that we can reach a conclusion quickly. I would also ask for your support to ensure that the procedure, which is also provided for in Germany, is brought to a quick conclusion.
Perhaps I will come back then, even if not. In any case, I would like to thank you for your co-operation over the last few years and wish you a pleasant Monday evening. Thank you very much.
Poland, EPP/CD, President of the Assembly
17:35:07
Thank you.
The debate is closed now.
The Bureau has proposed a number of references to committees for ratification by the Assembly. They are set out in Document 16140 and Addendum 1. Is there any objection to the proposed references to committees?
There is no objection, so the references are approved.
I now propose that the other decisions in the Progress Report be ratified. Are there any objections?
There are no objections.
The Progress Report is approved.
The Assembly will hold its next public sitting tomorrow morning at 10:00 a.m. with the agenda which was approved earlier today.
The sitting is adjourned. Thank you.