The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe welcomes the draft protocol aimed at amending the Convention on the Prevention of Terrorism, enhancing the collective effort against evolving forms of terrorism like cyberterrorism and environmental terrorism. The proposed amendments introduce a comprehensive definition of terrorism, aligning with EU Directive 2017/541, but raise concerns about potential legal uncertainty and overbroad application affecting non-violent activities, public protests, and NGOs. The need for precise legal definitions to prevent misuse and safeguard freedom of expression is highlighted, with recommendations to clarify and limit the scope of criminalisation. The Assembly advocates for a humanitarian exemption, consistent with UN Security Council Resolution 2664 (2022), and suggests amendments to ensure credible and serious threats are covered without infringing on rights.