Election of Judges to the European Court of Human Rights

List and curricula vitae of candidates submitted by the Government of Belgium

Communication | Doc. 15243 | 23 March 2021

Author(s):

Secretary General of the Parliamentary Assembly

Contents

1Letter from Mr Jean-Cedric Janssens de Bithoven, Ambassador of Belgium to the Council of Europe, to Ms Despina Chatzivassiliou-Tsovilis, Secretary General of the Parliamentary Assembly, dated 2 March 2021

2National selection procedure for the post of judge at the European Court of Human Rights

Appendix 1– Maïté DE RUE

Appendix 2– Frédéric KRENC

Appendix 3– Sylvie SAROLEA

1 Letter from Mr Jean-Cedric Janssens de Bithoven, Ambassador of Belgium to the Council of Europe, to Ms Despina Chatzivassiliou-Tsovilis, Secretary General of the Parliamentary Assembly, dated 2 March 2021

Madam,

Pursuant to Article 22 of the European Convention on Human Rights and further to your predecessor’s letter of 13 February 2020, it is my pleasure to lay before you a list of three candidates for the post of judge on behalf of Belgium.

The three names on this list are as follows, in alphabetical order:

• Ms Maïté DE RUE
• Mr Frédéric KRENC
• Ms Sylvie SAROLEA

[…]

2 National selection procedure for the post of judge at the European Court of Human Rights

The selection board consisted of André Henkes, Advocate-General at the Court of Cassation, Roger Stevens, First Chair of the Council of State, Vanessa de Francquen, President of the High Council for Justice, Stephanie d’Hose, President of the Senate, Eliane Tillieux, Speaker of the Chamber of Representatives, and Isabelle Niedlispacher, Government Agent before the European Court of Human Rights. The chair was François Daoût, President of the Constitutional Court.

On 5 and 6 November 2020 the board interviewed 18 candidates for the office of judge at the European Court of Human Rights.

The board took the view that it should make its selection on the basis of candidates’ ability to exercise a judicial office as part of a collegiate court.

It also took account of their specialist qualities, as evidenced by practical experience of human rights law, a university education, research and/or works published, and personal commitment to the values embodied in the European Convention on Human Rights.

The board considered the candidates’ overall and cross-cutting vision of the body of rights covered by the Convention and its additional protocols.

It looked carefully at the candidates’ presentation of their view of the Court’s place in the international legal system, its operation and the challenges currently facing it.

The board also assessed the candidates’ ability to express themselves in the two working languages of the Court. Lastly, it looked at the quality of their oral presentations at interview.

In line with the Government’s wish, the board has picked the three candidates – in alphabetical order – who in its opinion best meet the above criteria and are thus best suited to fill the position of judge at the Court.

These candidates are:

• De Rue, Maïté
• Krenc, Frédéric
• Saroléa, Sylvie

Appendix 1 – Maïté DE RUE

CURRICULUM VITAE [(1) Current positions or responsibilities shown in bold type.]

I. Personal information

Family name, first name: De Rue, Maïté

Sex: Female

Date and place of birth: 26 September 1972, Ixelles, Belgium

Nationality: Belgian

II. Education and academic and other qualifications

• Second-cycle degree in law (licence) at the Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), 1992-1995, magna cum laude (grande distinction);
• First cycle diploma in law (candidature) at the Catholic University of Louvain, 1990-1992, magna cum laude (grande distinction).

III. Relevant professional activities

a. Judicial activities

Deputy Advocate-General in Liège, 2012-2018

• Criminal prosecution work before the Appeal Court and Court of Assizes;
• Chief co-ordinator of the College of Public Prosecutors “Crimes against the person” network: supporting the College in the development, implementation and evaluation of criminal policy guidelines on domestic violence, racism, discrimination, hate and honour crimes:
  • Headed working groups of judges/prosecutors, police officers, civil servants and members of public-sector bodies;
  • Drafted circulars for the College of Public Prosecutors;
  • Organised seminars and, jointly with the Judicial Training Institute (IFJ/IGO), training events for law trainees and judges/prosecutors.

Deputy Labour Prosecutor (auditeur du travail) in Brussels, 2006-2012

• Investigation and criminal prosecution of social fraud, human trafficking and violence and harassment at work;
• Provision of information and opinions in civil cases involving social security and workplace harassment.

Note: from May 2009 to December 2011, I was seconded to the office of the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Social Affairs and Public Health.

Lawyer at the Brussels Bar (law firm of Me Jean-Louis Renchon), 1995-2000

• Legal opinions and handling of litigation in family law and criminal law cases.

b. Non-judicial legal activities

Legal adviser to the Open Society Justice Initiative, Brussels and New York, since March 2018

• Legal research and representation in lawsuits before national and international bodies (notably the European Court of Human Rights and the Inter-American System for the protection of human rights) on matters of the independence of the prosecution service, rights of detainees and discrimination;
• Legal assistance with the development of projects seeking better integration of human rights into the practice of the criminal courts in Mexico.

Expert assignments for the Council of Europe, 2016-2018

• Expert for the Committee for the Prevention of Torture: conduct of and participation in inspection visits to places of detention and high-level meetings;
• Legal consultations and training events on human rights and detention (Kosovo, North Macedonia, Morocco, Ukraine).

1st Vice-President and member for Belgium of the Council of Europe’s Committee for the Prevention of Torture, 2012-2015

• Conduct of and participation in inspection visits to places of detention in various member States of the Council of Europe;
• Official discussions with national and local authorities;
• Member of the Bureau: setting of priorities for Committee visits, response to current events and member training.

Legal adviser to the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Social Affairs and Public Health, 2009-2011

• Management of justice and immigration cases.

Legal adviser to the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Justice, 2003-2006

• Responsibility for prisons: jointly with the FPS Justice, preparation of reforms to the laws on detention on remand, detainees’ rights and sentence enforcement.

Specialist work at UCL’s Department of criminology and criminal law, 1996-2012

Visiting senior lecturer (maître de conférences), 2009-2012

• Overseeing final dissertations of students studying for a master’s degree in law;
• Participation in research work at the Department: drafting of specialist articles and participation in seminars.

Academic collaborator, 2006-2008 and 2012-2018

• Participation in research work at the Department: drafting of academic articles and participation in seminars.

Assistant and research assistant, 1996-2003

• Research work for the Criminal Procedure Reform Commission (“Franchimont Commission”);
• Supervision of practical exercises in criminal procedure for students in year 1 of their law degree (licence);
• Participation in research work at the Department: drafting of academic articles and participation in seminars.

c. Non-legal professional activities

Director of the League of Human Rights (LDH, in French-speaking Belgium), 2001-2003

• Drafting and implementation of the League’s policies;
• Analysis and response to current human rights issues;
• Management of the work team and supervision of projects.

IV. Activities and experience in the field of human rights

My professional focus has always been on the protection of fundamental rights. This experience has been built up in a range of different and complementary settings:

• Specialist activities: I have taken part in seminars and written specialist articles on human rights, criminal law and criminal procedural law, prison law and social law;
• Judicial activities: I have worked as an advocate and judge for the public prosecution service, handling criminal, social and family cases, with a strong human rights element;
• Government work: I worked for 5 years in planning departments of members of the Belgian Government, helping to draft regulations in areas related to human rights, most specifically criminal law and criminal procedural law, prison law and immigration law;
• Work on the Council of Europe’s Committee for the Prevention of Torture: I was the member for Belgium, 1st Vice-President and subsequently a CPT expert, taking part in and heading up numerous inspection visits to places of detention to check compliance with Article 3 of the Convention, which prohibits torture and inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment:
  • Croatia, 18 to 27 September 2012
  • Hungary, 3 to 12 April 2013
  • Turkey, 9 to 21 June 2013
  • Netherlands – observation of a “return flight”, 16 to 18 October 2013
  • Armenia, 20 to 23 May 2014
  • Romania, head of sub-delegation, 5 to 17 June 2014
  • Russian Federation, 24 November to 1 December 2014
  • Luxembourg, head of delegation, 28 January to 2 February 2015
  • Switzerland, head of sub-delegation, 13 to 24 April 2015
  • Azerbaijan, head of delegation, 15 to 22 June 2015
  • France, head of delegation, 15 to 27 November 2015
  • Russian Federation, 4 to 12 February 2016
  • Azerbaijan, 29 March to 8 April 2016
  • Azerbaijan, high-level talks, 16 and 17 February 2017
  • Azerbaijan, 23 to 30 October 2017
• Work for non-governmental organisations:
  • I headed the League of Human Rights (LDH, French-speaking Belgium) from 2001 to 2003;
  • As of March 2018, I am legal adviser to an organisation based in New York which promotes and safeguards human rights in various regions of the world.

V. Public activities

a. Public office

N/A

b. Elected posts

Alternate member of the Board of Directors of the Interfederal Centre for Equal Opportunities and Opposition to Racism and Discrimination (Unia) and the Federal Migration Centre (Myria), 2014-2019.

c. Offices held within a political party or movement

N/A

VI. Other activities

N/A

VII. Publications and other works

Publications (27 in total) and participation in colloquies and seminars on human rights, criminal law and criminal procedural law, prison law and social law. Selection listed below:

• The right to health care in prison during the COVID-19 pandemic, A legal brief published by the Open Society Justice Initiative, July 2020, https://www.justiceinitiative.org/publications/the-right-to-health-care-in-prison-during-the-covid-19-pandemic
• Les peines de perpétuité réelle sont contraires à la dignité humaine: la Cour européenne des Droits de l’Homme consacre un droit à l’espoir pour tous les condamnés. (Cour eur. dr. h., Gde Ch., Vinter e.a. c. Royaume-Uni, 9 juillet 2013), Rev. Trim. Dr. H., 2014, pp. 667-687.
• Le Code pénal social. Analyse des lois des 2 et 6 juin 2010, Dossier du Journal des Tribunaux, Larcier, 2012, 155 pages.
• La procédure administrative en matière d’aide sociale et revenu d’intégration sociale, in Aide sociale et intégration sociale. Le droit en pratique, sous la coord. H. Mormont et K. Stangherlin, La Charte, 2011, pp. 525-560.
• Le harcèlement, in Les infractions. Volume 2. Les infractions contre les personnes, sous la dir. H. Bosly & Chr. De Valkeneer, Larcier, 2010, pp. 725-745.
• L’accessibilité et l’intelligibilité du droit contemporain en matière pénale: une gageure?, avec M.-A. Beernaert et I. Wattier, in Loyauté, justice et vérité. Liber Amicorum H.-D. Bosly, La Charte, 2009, pp. 17-37.
• Le régime disciplinaire des détenus, in Le droit disciplinaire. Actes du colloquium organisé le 15 mai 2009 par le Jeune Barreau de Liège, Anthemis, 2009, pp. 25-56.
• Les méthodes particulières de recherche et quelques autres méthodes d’enquête. Analyse des lois du 6 janvier 2003 et du 27 décembre 2005 et de leurs arrêtés d’application, en collaboration avec Chr. De Valkeneer, Dossier du Journal des Tribunaux, Larcier, 2008, 2ème édition, 202 pages.
• Le statut juridique externe des détenus, in L’exécution des peines, Les dossiers de la Revue de criminologie et de droit pénal, n° 13, 2006, pp. 283-337.
• Les droits de l’Homme et les méthodes modernes d’enquête policière, Journal des Tribunaux, 2000, pp. 321-330.

VIII. Languages

Language	Reading			Writing			Speaking
	very good	good	fair	very good	good	fair	very good	good	fair
a. Mother tongue:
Français	X			X			X
b. Official languages:
English	X			X			X
c. Other languages:
Dutch (“grand bilinguisme” diplomaawarded 29 March 2001 by the Minister of Justice under Article (old) 43quinquies of the Act of 15 June 1935 concerning the use of languages in judicial proceedings)	X			X			X
Spanish	X				X		X

IX. If you do not have the level of language competence required for you to function as a judge in the [second] official language, please confirm that you will, if elected as a judge at the Court, undergo intensive instruction in the language concerned before you take office and, if need be, after your term of office begins.

N/A

X. Other relevant information

N/A

XI. Please confirm that you will take up permanent residence in Strasbourg if elected as a judge at the Court.

I will take up permanent residence in Strasbourg if elected as a judge at the Court.

Appendix 2 – Frédéric KRENC

CURRICULUM VITAE [(2) Current positions or responsibilities shown in bold type.]

I. Personal information

Family name, first name: Krenc, Frédéric

Sex: Male

Date and place of birth: 11 May 1978, La Louvière, Belgium

Nationality: Belgian

II. Education and academic and other qualifications

• 1990-1996 Humanities Greek & Latin, First prize for classical languages – Collège Notre-Dame de Bonne-Espérance;
• 1996-1998 First cycle diploma in law (candidature), magna cum laude (grande distinction), Catholic University of Louvain (UCL);
• 1998-2001 Second-cycle degree in law (licence), magna cum laude (grande distinction) – Catholic University of Louvain;
• 2002 Second-cycle degree (licence) in Specialist European Law studies (Gediplomeerde in de gespecialiseerde studies van het Europees recht), cum laude (distinction) – University of Ghent (dissertation title: “Een studie naar de mate waarin de EU-Lidstaten onder het Europees Verdrag voor de Rechten van de Mens aansprakelijk kunnen worden gesteld voor het optreden van de Europese Unie” [To what extent are EU Member States liable under the European Convention on Human Rights for actions by the European Union”], 87 pages).

III. Relevant professional activities

a. Judicial activities

• Since 2002 Lawyer at the Brussels Bar (in addition to fundamental rights, practice of public law and civil law);
• Since 2013 Judge-arbitrator at the Belgian Court of Arbitration for Sport (CBAS/BAS).

b. Non-judicial legal activities

• Since 2014 Editor-in-chief, Revue trimestrielle des droits de l’homme, (2004-2006: member of the editorial board; 2006-2014: secretary to the editorial board);
• Since 2005 Secretary General of the Human Rights Institute of the Brussels Bar;
• Since 2008 Visiting senior lecturer (maître de conférences), Catholic University of Louvain;
• 2012-2014 Visiting senior lecturer, University of Liège;
• Since 2018 Lecturer (chargé d’enseignements), Saint-Louis University, Brussels;
• 2011-2016 Joint editor-in-chief for the series “Droit et justice” (publisher Nemesis-Bruylant up to 2011; Nemesis-Anthemis from 2012).

c. Non-legal professional activities: none.

IV. Activities and experience in the field of human rights

Study visit to the European Court of Human Rights, under Judge Françoise Tulkens (period: one month; September 2001).

Litigation experience as lawyer specialising in fundamental rights (since 2002):

1. Fundamental rights litigation before the Belgian courts:

• cases before the courts and tribunals (appeal courts and courts of first instance, justice of the peace courts), Constitutional Court and Council of State;
• practised in different areas of law;
• assisted and represented individuals, associations and public authorities.

2. Fundamental rights litigation before international courts and organisations:

2.1. European Court of Human Rights (brought and participated in over 200 cases, including some before the Grand Chamber):

• lodged applications on behalf of persons claiming to have been victims of breaches of the European Convention on Human Rights;
• advised and assisted States Parties;
• assisted and represented third-party interveners;
• pleadings before the Grand Chamber (2019);
• practised in different areas of law.

2.2. Court of Justice of the European Union (brought and participated in cases arising from the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union):

• preliminary ruling proceedings;
• annulment proceedings;
• pleadings before the Grand Chamber (2010).

2.3. United Nations Human Rights Committee (brought and participated in cases arising from the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights):

• presented complaints (individual communications);
• advised and assisted States.

3. Delivery of numerous opinions on fundamental rights at the request of individuals, associations and public authorities.

Court experience as a judge-arbitrator at the Belgian Court of Arbitration for Sport (since 2013). I am required to rule on disputes in the area of sport, as a member of a board of arbitration or its chair. Some of these cases touch on issues of fundamental rights (for example action against doping, measures or penalties imposed on athletes or clubs, or the lawfulness of regulations).

Specialist expertise in the safeguarding of fundamental rights at national, European and international level. This expertise encompasses the institutional, procedural and substantive aspects of the various systems for safeguarding fundamental rights. It covers the European Convention on Human Rights, national systems, the European Union system and United Nations rules.

1. Author or co-author of over a hundred specialist works on fundamental rights. For a selection of these publications, see heading VII. My publications on the European Convention on Human Rights deal essentially with:

• the rights and freedoms it guarantees;
• their interpretation;
• the office, organisation and functioning of the European Court of Human Rights;
• proceedings before it;
• the authority and execution of its judgments;
• relationships with national systems;
• relationships with the legal system of the European Union;
• reforms of the control system of the European Convention on Human Rights.

2. Author of articles on European Court of Human Rights case law:

• 2003-2007 – Jointly with Me Pierre Lambert for the title “En bref de Strasbourg” published in the Journal des tribunaux;
• 2008-2011 – Chronique annuelle de jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (annual digest) published in the Journal de droit européen;
• Since 2014 – Chronique semestrielle de jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (half-yearly digest) published in the Journal des tribunaux (jointly with Sébastien Van Drooghenbroeck from 2014 to 2017).

3. Academic teaching assignments:

• Since 2008 – Course in “Human rights related to procedural guarantees” – Catholic University of Louvain – jointly with Marie-Aude Beernaert;
• Since 2018 – Course in “Collectivedimensions of human rights” – Saint-Louis University Brussels – jointly with Sébastien Van Drooghenbroeck;
• 2012-2014 – Visiting lecturer for Patrick Wautelet’s “Fundamental rights” course – University of Liège.

4. Teaching assignment at the Bar:

• Since 2017 – Course in “Procedures before the European Court of Human Rights” – Professional lawyer’s certificate, Brussels Bar.

5. Academic director of several colloquies, including:

• colloquy, “Family law tested against the European Convention on Human Rights” (Brussels, 2007, under the auspices of the Human Rights Institute of the Brussels Bar);
• colloquy, “The right to housing: towards recognition of a fundamental human right“ (Belgian Senate, 2007, under the auspices of the Human Rights Institute of the Brussels Bar and the Institute for Human Rights of European Lawyers (IDHAE));
• colloquy, “Law and solidarity” (Belgian Court of Cassation, 2009, under the auspices of the French Bar Association of Brussels);
• colloquy, “Interim measures before the European Court of Human Rights – Urgent applications to Strasbourg?” (Brussels, 2011, under the auspices of the Brussels Youth Bar Conference);
• colloquy, “Lawyers in dialogue with the European Court of Human Rights” (Strasbourg, European Court of Human Rights, 2016, under the auspices of the Federation of European Bars (FBE);
• colloquy, “The European Court of Human Rights, between reinforced dialogue and protection of freedoms” (Belgian Court of Cassation, 2019, under the auspices of the Human Rights Institute of the Brussels Bar);
• with Dean Spielmann, colloquy, “The independence of the national judge seen by the European courts” (Luxembourg, Court of Justice of the European Union, 2020, under the auspices of the Revue trimestrielle des droits de l’homme).

6. Speaker at over 75 conferences, colloquies and seminars, notably:

• colloquy, “What justice for Europe? The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the Convention on the Future of Europe” (Bordeaux, Institute for Human Rights of European Lawyers, 2003);
• colloquy, “The European Court of Human Rights and Central and Eastern European States” (Krakow Bar, 2005);
• colloquy, “Protecting citizens against governments: the role of the courts” (Brussels, Saint-Louis University, 2006);
• colloquy, “Spring school on human rights” (La Rochelle, University of La Rochelle, 2007);
• colloquy, “Public service: between threats and renewal” (Brussels, Saint-Louis University, 2008);
• colloquy, “Human rights and the efficacy of justice” (Louvain-la-Neuve, Trade Union Association of Judges (ASM), 2009);
• colloquy, “Privacy at work” (UCL, Louvain-la-Neuve, 2010);
• colloquy, “Expropriation in the public interest” (UCL, Louvain-la-Neuve, 2013);
• colloquy, “Social rights given impetus by the European Committee of Social Rights” (Limoges, University of Limoges, 2014);
• colloquy, “Freedom of expression: how far does it go?” (Mons, French and German Bar Association, 2015);
• colloquy, “The Dialogue between the European Court of Human Rights and National Courts” (Athens, Libertas – International Centre for Human Rights, 2016);
• colloquy, “What does the future hold for human rights in Europe?” (Lyon, Jean Moulin University Lyon 3, 2019);
• colloquy, “60 years of the European Court of Human Rights: past, present and future” (Andorra, Constitutional Court of Andorra, 2019);
• colloquy, “The independence of justice as seen in the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights” (Paris, Human Rights Institute of the Paris Bar Association (IDHBP), 2020);
• colloquy, “Seventy years of the European Convention on Human Rights: challenges and perspectives” (Montpellier, European Human Rights Law Institute (IDEDH) and René Cassin Foundation-IIDH, scheduled for 2020).

7. Numerous trainings dispensed in the area of fundamental rights

7.1. Training for judges/prosecutors under the auspices of the Higher Council of Justice and the Judicial Training Institute (IFJ/IGO):

• “Balancing interests and the principle of proportionality” (2003 and 2006);
• “Conflicting freedoms – How the law addresses societal issues” (with Sébastien Van Drooghenbroeck, 2006);
• “The independence of justice” (2018).

7.2. Training under the auspices of the Commission Université-Palais (CUP: University of Liège and Liège Bar):

• “Impact of judgments by the European Court of Human Rights” (2008);
• “Referring cases to the European Court of Human Rights” (2013);
• “Disciplinary law in the European Convention on Human Rights” (with Françoise Tulkens, 2016).

The results of these training events were subsequently published as part of the CUP series.

7.3. Training for lawyers, notably:

• “Paradoxical relations between the European Convention on Human Rights and criminal law” (Paris Bar, 2010);
• “Proceedings before the European Court of Human Rights and its case law on the right to a fair trial” (with Judges Zagrebelsky and Tulkens, Brussels Youth Bar Conference, 2010);
• “Application of the European Convention on Human Rights by the national courts” (International Association of Lawyers, 2010);
• “Rights of defence vis à vis sporting authorities” (Belgian Court of Arbitration for Sport, 2014);
• “Legal arbitration in sport and the requirements of Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights” (Belgian Court of Arbitration for Sport, 2017);
• “The control system of the European Convention on Human Rights” (Summer schools of the French and German Bar Association, 2019);
• “The European Convention on Human Rights: national protection and European supervision” (with Françoise Tulkens, Institut de droit européen des barreaux (IDEB), 2019);
• Speaker at numerous “human rights lunch and learn events” organised by the Human Rights Institute of the Brussels Bar (since 2005).

7.4. Training for the public sector and European institutions:

• “Civil service and European Convention on Human Rights” (2005);
• “The European Convention on Human Rights, the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the European civil service” (2017);
• “Fundamental rights and staff obligations” (2017).

8. Several expert assignments undertaken at the request of international organisations or public authorities, notably: expert visit to Sofia for the Council of Europe in 2003 on Administrative justice and, especially, on Judicial review of government acts in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights.

9. Member of various academic councils, notably in connection with the research project “Dissect: Evidence in international human rights adjudication” (2019-2024 – Human Rights Centre, Ghent University – European Research Council).

10. Expert with the Permanent Delegation of the Council of Bars and Law Societies of Europe (CCBE) to the European Court of Human Rights (2014-2017).

Editor-in-chief of the Revue trimestrielle des droits de l’homme (since 2014). In addition to constantly monitoring developments on human rights at national, European and international level, I am required in this role to:

• decide the Revue’s editorial content;
• oversee the scientific assessment of draft articles by a reading committee;
• chair meetings of the scientific and editorial committees (held in Paris, Strasbourg or Brussels).

Secretary General of the Human Rights Institute of the Brussels Bar (since 2005). I am responsible for the academic management of colloquies and human rights lunch and learn events, the purpose of which is to analyse the recent case law of the European Court of Human Rights.

V. Public activities

a. Public office: none.

b. Elected posts: none.

c. Offices held within a political party or movement: none.

VI. Other activities

• Appointed several times as a member of the jury for the Ludovic Trarieux International Human Rights Prize (since 2004);
• Appointed as a member of the jury for the Final of the René Cassin European Human Rights Competition (2020).

VII. Publications and other works

I have produced over a hundred publications on fundamental rights (in addition to editorials and bibliographic reviews). Other articles are in the course of publication (in particular, my contribution to the Liber amicorum Linos-Alexandre Sicilianos).

Ten publications are mentioned here (for my digest articles on the case law of the European Court of Human Rights, see IV, d, 2, above).

Publication (author):

With Marie-Aude Beernaert, Le droit à un procès équitable dans la jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (Anthemis, 2019, 242 pages).

Publication (supervision):

Les mesures provisoires devant la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme: direction scientifique et rédaction des conclusions (Larcier, 2011, 152 pages).

Articles (author):

• “La comparaison des systèmes de procédure communautaire avec ceux de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme” (in Quelle justice pour l’Europe?, Bruylant, 2004, pp. 77-105 et Revue trimestrielle des droits de l’homme, 2004, pp. 111-140).
• “Le fonctionnaire et la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme – Eléments de synthèse” (Annales de droit de Louvain, 2005, pp. 213-258).
• “La détention préventive jugée par la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme” (in B. Dejemeppe et D. Vandermeersch (dir.), Détention préventive: 20 ans après?, Larcier, 2010, pp. 7- 26).
• Avec Françoise Tulkens, “La protection des données à caractère personnel et le droit à l’oubli” (in Mélanges en l’honneur de Dean Spielmann, Wolf Legal Publishers, 2015, pp. 289-306).
• Avec Sébastien Van Drooghenbroeck et Olivier van der Noot, “Questions of Method: the Use of “external sources” in R.M.T. v. United Kingdom” (in E. Brems et E. Desmet (éd.), Integrated Human Rights in Practice. Rewriting Human Rights Decisions, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2017, pp. 31-70).
• “Dire le droit, rendre la justice. Quelle Cour européenne des droits de l’homme?” (Revue trimestrielle des droits de l’homme, 2018, pp. 311-346).
• Avec Françoise Tulkens, “L’indépendance du juge. Retour aux fondements d’une garantie essentielle d’une société démocratique” (in Regards croisés sur la protection nationale et internationale des droits de l’homme, Mélanges en l’honneur de Guido Raimondi, Wolf Legal Publishers, 2019, pp. 377-399).
• “L’acceptabilité des arrêts de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme par les Etats parties: un défi permanent” (Revue trimestrielle des droits de l’homme, 2020, pp. 217-253).

VIII. Languages

Language	Reading			Writing			Speaking
	very good	good	fair	very good	good	fair	very good	good	fair
a. Mother tongue:
French	X			X			X
b. Official languages:
-English	X				X			X
c. Other language:
Dutch	X				X			X

IX. If you do not have the level of language competence required for you to function as a judge in the [second] official language, please confirm that you will, if elected as a judge at the Court, undergo intensive instruction in the language concerned before you take office and, if need be, after your term of office begins.

I will, if need be.

X. Other relevant information

–

XI. Please confirm that you will take up permanent residence in Strasbourg if elected as a judge at the Court.

I will.

Appendix 3 – Sylvie SAROLEA

CURRICULUM VITAE [(3) Current positions or responsibilities shown in bold type.]

I. Personal information

Family name, first name: SAROLEA, Sylvie

Sex: Female

Date and place of birth: 14 November 1971, Etterbeek, Belgium

Nationality: Belgian

II. Education and academic and other qualifications

• 1989-1994: Master’s in law (UCL) – magna cum laude (grande distinction) – Erasmus: Leiden University
• 1998-2004: Doctorate in law (UCL)
  • periods of research at the University of Quebec, Montreal, and at Jefferson University (Charlottesville);
  • Droits de l’homme et migrations. De la protection du migrant aux droits dela personne migrante [Human rights and migration. From migrant protection to the rights of the migrant person] (Bruylant, Brussels, 2005).

III. Relevant professional activities

a. Judicial activities

• Lawyer at the Walloon Brabant Bar since 10/1994 (CASABEL law firm)
• Member of the Foreigners Advisory Committee (2004-2017)

b. Non-judicial legal activities

Teaching

Professor at Catholic University of Louvain (UCL, Louvain la Neuve – Belgium) – 2004-:

• Courses: Sources and principles of law, Immigration law, Private international law and fundamental rights, Human rights and the autonomy of the individual (MC/complementary master’s in human rights), International law and protection of individuals (specialised master’s degree in international humanitarian action), Asylum law and notably with J.-Y. Carlier the MOOCs, Droit d’asile et des réfugiés / Asylum and Refugee Law, Thesis support seminar, co-ordination of the human rights Legal Clinic.
• Co-ordinator for the interdisciplinary MOOC Interplay of views on migration, part of the MIRE: Migration – interplay of views project.
• Co-ordination with Prof. Jean-Yves Carlier of arrangements to welcome Prof. François Crepeau as International Francqui Professor for 2017-2018, in residence at UCL.
• Teaching programme in Morocco (ENABEL), “Legal empowerment of migrants” project (2019-…) with the Mohamed V University in Rabat, the Ain Chock faculty in Casablanca, the Abelmalek Sadi University in Tangier and the Mohamed I University in Oujda, and their legal clinics.
• Establishment of the law-economics doctoral committee at the Catholic University of Bukavu (2020-2022).

Visiting professor

• at ULB (Brussels – Belgium): Human rights and migration law (Certificate in European Law on Immigration and Asylum), Summer school on EU Immigration and Asylum Law and Policy organised by the Odysseus Network;
• at a number of foreign universities (Kent, Laval, Ottawa, Caen, Ekaterinburg, Burundi (Bujumbura: UNESCO Chair for Education in Peace and Conflict Prevention): Asylum and refugee law; DRC (Lubumbashi: School of Criminology): Human Rights; DRC (Catholic University of Bukavu: complementary master’s in human rights, Asylum and refugee law; University of Ouaga 2 (UO2), Human Rights and Autonomy of the Individual).

Continuing education

• IGOs (UNHCR, in particular training courses organised by the Helsinki Committee: Le Maroc protège;Refugee Law Reader);
• Council of Europe (Phare Programme in Eastern Europe; HELP programme – Human Rights Education for Professionals; European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment; expert (2008; 2014);
• NGOs (Red Cross; René Cassin Foundation-IIDH (Annual programme, Summer school on asylum and refugee law, Strasbourg); Civil society: Bars; Judges’ associations; Local authorities.

Research (see online CV)

• Team: Creation (1/2011) and co-ordination of EDEM (Research Team on European Law and Migration) at UCL – part of the Charles De Visscher Centre for International and European Law (CeDIE) (https://uclouvain.be/fr/instituts-recherche/juri/cedie/edem.html);
• Editor, Cahiers de l’EDEM – Louvain Migration Case Law Commentary– since September 2012;
• Research fields: transnational human rights: immigration rights; asylum and refugee law; human rights and private international law;
• Doctoral supervision (see online CV);
• Group and/or interdisciplinary projects
  • VULNER (2020-2023) – H2020: Vulnerabilities under the global protection regime, co-ordinated by Max Planck Halle (legal anthropology);
  • ISEMI (2020-2023) PDR – FNRS funding: Best interests of the child and human mobility;
  • GLOBMIG (2018-2022) – Collaborative research project (ARC) (IRES-DEMO-ICTM-JURI): New approaches to understanding and modelling global migration trends;
  • LIMA (2015-2020) – Collaborative research project (ARC) (JURI-DEMO-CIRFASE): Personal aspirations and processes of adaptation: How the legal framework impacts on migrants’ agency;
  • PALIM: research project (2019-2021): on economic migration from Morocco, in collaboration with ENABEL;
  • UNHCR, Legal support for asylum seekers in Belgium, at reception centres and in administrative detention, Research report and field surveys, November 2015 – June 2017;
  • European Fund for Refugees (EU): research project (2011-2014): Transposition into Belgian law of the Reception Conditions, Asylum Procedures and Qualification Directives and the Dublin Rules;
  • as part of the Odysseus Network: comparative research on the implementation of European asylum and immigration law (esp. REDIAL, CONTENTION).

Academic responsibilities

• President of CeDIE, Centre for International and European Law (2016-2020);
• Chair of the Legal Studies PhD Committee (CDJ) (2017-2020);
• Vice-Dean for international relations (2020-…);
• Promoter of the UCL artist in residence 2018-2019: Bénédicte Liénard;
• Co-ordinator of Louvain4Migration (approved December 2017 – launched January 2018);
• Sponsor of Doctor honoris causa, Ms Vénantie Bisimwa Nabintu (2 February 2010) – continuation of a project in Kivu since 2010 and in particular the “Henri Simonart Centre for the Promotion of Human Rights” project in Walungu (South-Kivu, DRC).

c. Non-legal professional activities

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IV. Activities and experience in the field of human rights

In addition to my academic work focusing on human rights issues (teaching, research and service to society, I have been:

• Chair of the Foreigners Committee of the Belgian League of Human Rights (LDH) and Board member (1997-2002);
• President of ADDE (Association for Foreigners’ Rights): 2002-2012;
• Vice-President of Ulysse (NGO: mental health for migrants): 2006 to date.

V. Public activities

Public office

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b. Elected posts

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c. Offices held within a political party or movement

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VI. Other activities

Field

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b. Duration

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c. Functions

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VII. Publications and other works

(see DIAL repository of research publications)

• SAROLEA, S., Droits de l’homme et migrations. De la protection du migrant aux droits de la personne migrante, Brussels, Bruylant, 2006, 718 p.
• SAROLEA, S., “From protection of the Migrant to the Rights of the Migrant Person: Free the Migrant from his Legal Exile”, in Spheres of Global Justice, ed. J.-Ch., Merle, Springer, 2013, p. 353.
• SAROLEA, S., dir., LEBOEUF, L., NERAUDAU, E., D’HUART, P., TSOURDI, L., DATOUSSAID, S., GRIBOMONT, H., La seconde génération du droit européen de l’asile: le temps des juges, 5 vol., Louvain-la-Neuve, 2014, 750 p.
• SAROLEA, S., LEBOEUF, L., “Le droit de l’Union européenne devant le Conseil du contentieux des étrangers”, in CARIAT, N., Le droit de l’Union devant les juridictions internes, 2014.
• SAROLEA, S., CARLIER, J.-Y., Précis de droit des étrangers, Larcier, 2016, Brussels, 832 p.
• SAROLEA, S., “L’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant dans les affaires de droit international privé devant la Cour européennes des droits de l’homme”, in Laurent Barnich, Arnaud Nuyts, Silvia Pfeiff, Patrick Wautelet, Le droit des relations familiales internationales à la croisée des chemins, Actes du XIVe colloquium de l’Association "Famille & Droit" organisé par Alain-Charles Van Gysel et Arnaud Nuyts Brussels, 20 mai 2016.
• SAROLEA, S., “Opinion de l’enfant et contentieux familial international”, in Jean-Yves Carlier, Marie Dechamps, Marc Fallon, Stéphanie Francq, Julie Mary, Sylvie Sarolea (dir.); "Actualités européennes en droit international privé familial", Anthemis (Limal), 2019.
• SAROLEA, S., “Detention of Migrants in Belgium and the Criminal Judge: A Lewis Carroll World”, in Law and Judicial Dialogue on the Return of Irregular Migrants from the European Union, Madalina Moraru, Galina Cornelisse, Philippe De Bruycker (ed.), 2020, Hart.
• SAROLEA, S., “Is Access to Asylum the Same as Access to Justice? In Marie-Claire Foblets, Luc Leboeuf; Humanitarian Admission to Europe – The Law between Promises and Constraints, Nomos/Hart – Bloomsbury Publishing (Oxford), 2020, p. 115-154.
• Eleonora Frasca, Francesco Luigi Gatta, Sylvie Sarolea, “What could the Global Compact on Migration mean for Europe?”, in Het Migratiepact: kroniek van een crisis, Desmet Ellen, Moonen Toon, Ruys Tom (ed.), Die Keure, 2020.

VIII. Languages

Language	Reading			Writing			Speaking
	very good	good	fair	very good	good	fair	very good	good	fair
a. Mother tongue:
French	X			X			X
b. Official languages:
English	X				X			X
c. Other languages:
Dutch		X			X				X
Spanish			X

IX. If you do not have the level of language competence required for you to function as a judge in the [second] official language, please confirm that you will, if elected as a judge at the Court, undergo intensive instruction in the language concerned before you take office and, if need be, after your term of office begins.

Yes, of course.

X. Other relevant information

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XI. Please confirm that you will take up permanent residence in Strasbourg if elected as a judge at the Court.

Yes, of course.