The Parliamentary Assembly's Recommendation 2309 addresses the issue of transnational repression, where authoritarian regimes use tactics to silence dissent beyond their borders, infringing on sovereignty, security, and human rights. In response to this growing threat, the Assembly urges the Council of Europe to spearhead international efforts with coordinated action and input from civil society. Key recommendations include developing an international legal framework, potentially a convention, to define and combat transnational repression, exploring its criminalisation, and establishing forums for information exchange and the sharing of best practices among member States. The Assembly also suggests organising regular discussions on the topic and introducing penalties for misuse of extradition and mutual legal assistance conventions intended for repression purposes.