"The Assembly remains committed to co-operation with Kazakhstan based on shared values and expresses its determination to support Kazakhstan’s democratic reforms. However, the Assembly notes with serious concern credible allegations that internal communications of its own members have been misused in politically motivated criminal proceedings initiated in Belgium by individuals acting on behalf of Kazakhstan’s security services, targeting human rights defender Lyudmyla Kozlovska and the Open Dialogue Foundation. The Assembly notes that complaints and criminal accusations of harassment, cyberbullying, and slander were orchestrated by Kazakhstani officials as part of efforts to remove documentation of political repression, torture, and killings in Kazakhstan from the public domain. The Assembly further notes with concern the decision of the Belgian court, which dismissed all charges for lack of jurisdiction, and the investigating judge’s explicit warning regarding the use of legal proceedings in Belgium to gather extensive personal travel, communication, and financial data for purposes unrelated to the pursuit of truth. The Assembly condemns Kazakhstan’s attempts to instrumentalise cybersecurity and anti-money laundering laws, INTERPOL Red and Purple notices, legal systems, and international parliamentary procedures for the purpose of transnational repression, and urges member States to develop effective legal remedies against such practices."