Ladies and Gentlemen,
Please take your seats so that we can continue our debate on our first topic of reflection on the "Common European Home".
In a few moments, I will give the floor to the President of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, Mr Mustafa ŞENTOP. Then I will give the floor -- so that she can prepare herself -- to the Speaker of the Norwegian Parliament, Ms Tone WILHELMSEN TRØEN.
So without further ado, I now give the floor to the President of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey.
Président, Grand National Assembly, Turquie
15:04:27
Distinguished president,
Distinguished parliamentarians,
I would like to greet you all as a speaker of the Turkish Grand National Assembly. I attach great importance to this session entitled “Our common European home”. While people struggle, they work in order to achieve principles well used, and they then establish institutions for the protection of those values. But, in time, the next generations forget about why those institutions were established in the first place. And they get away from the original perspectives of those institutions. When we look retrospectively, we see that we have forgotten how we set up in the first place. We should ask ourselves whether we are still aware of where we set out in the first place with the establishment of our institutions.
For that reason, I attach great importance to this theme of “our common European home”. I believe that this session will not lay the foundations for some good rhetoric only; I believe it will also lay a foundation for some internal evaluations. I will be making a speech as a person from inside of this home actually.
Distinguished parliamentarians, our political, institutional and central values and the spreading of these values are not so old actually. When we look at the principles, values, mechanisms and institutions of Europe celebrating the 70th year, 70 years is even less than a common human’s life actually. That is why our evaluation of the 70 year will be of so much importance. We have to evaluate what is going on in the world with all the realities of the world. We have to understand what is going on around the world. Otherwise, some colleagues of ours will be making some rhetoric. Using the words of European values, they will be saying something nice but the racism, antisemitism and also xenophobia and islamophobia will rise in Europe, and the wars and massacres will continue in the world. And, also, international terrorism which I believe is sourcing from the West, and which is being used to intervene in the domestic affairs of other countries worldwide. And also, this way we will pay the way of what imperialist greedy powers, which will be rushing to the oil, and they will be making the Middle East and the east Mediterranean their headquarters.
Distinguished colleagues, there is a saying I like so much. It goes as follows: “how you learn defines how you remember”. How has Europe learned the values that we are talking about in the first place? Because heavy colonialism, human trafficking and also the accumulation of capital which was thanks to the black money in the nineteenth century. We are talking about these affairs actually. And the First World War which cost the lives of 20 million people, which was followed by the Second World War which cost the lives of 70 million people because people were greedy for power.
And the vast tragedies, the worst tragedies of humanity, happened in these soils, in the soils of Europe. And the perpetrators of these vast wars are not African people, not people of the Middle East, not Asian countries. The perpetrator is Europe. So we have to think about how Europe has learned in the first place all these values, they learned it this way, actually through wars. And, this is why, how we learned our values in the first place should guide us in our future activities so that such tragedies will not be experienced around the world again.
Dear president, if we forget about the background, if we do not try to understand what is going on around the world by putting ourselves in the shoes of the other countries in the region, if we do not think that everybody is equal as equal children of Adam and Eve, if we just sit down in the European cities which are placed in glass castles, then we will be out of the game.
First of all we should sincerely believe that European values are values for everybody, we have to believe in that. And these values should not be avail for meeting the greedy ambitions of the colonial powers. And these values should not be used as means to intervene in the internal affairs of other countries. We should not be followers of democracy when we like it and we should not throw the hat so the coup plotters, in some other countries when we like it, and we should stop adopting double standards.
We have people living in Africa, the Middle East, Asia and South America, not only in Europe, they also deserve democracy. Those people deserve Human Rights. We shall not preach about democracy and we should not try to preach about democracy while terrorist organizations are trying to separate Turkey. And our belief in European values will have to be questioned if you preach on democracy when a political party, which has been found to be affiliated to a terrorist organization, is shut down, and keep silent and make no comment about the ECHR’s rightful verdict in favour of shutting down Batasuna political party. The world is changing, everybody has responsibilities and rights, and at the same time, each state has their rights and responsibilities.
You cannot just say that you make a game and other countries would follow the game. No, if you are living in such a world that it means that you are behind in that game, we cannot have countries around the world which are making decisions in favour of their people only. We have to have a world where everyone can live, actually, not only our own people.
Thank you very much for the kind attention.
Ms TRØEN, you have the floor.
I would like to ask Mr VOLODIN, of the State Duma of the Russian Federation, to be prepared to speak next.
Présidente, Stortinget, Norvège
15:10:57
Thank you Mr President,
Distinguished colleagues,
Ladies and gentlemen,
It is a great honor to have the opportunity to address colleagues here in Palais de l’Europe. It fills me with a strong sense of pride, but also of responsibility. I'm proud to represent one of the 10 founding members of the organization that has been a platform for pan-European dialogue and a watchdog for democracy, human rights and the rule of law for 70 years.
At the same time I feel an immense responsibility to be part of the generation of politicians that has to stake out the way ahead at a time when enthusiasm for the European project and our liberal values is so clearly under pressure. The concept paper prepared for this debate contains several important aspects and questions. I've chosen to address the notion of trust. The constant work to maintain and strengthen trust in democracy is a core task for all of us. If we lose people's confidence we also lose our mandate to make decisions on behalf of the voters. Even more seriously, the voters themselves may lose interest and belief in democracy.
One way to strengthen this trust is by engaging children and young people. If young people believe in democracy, democratic institutions and elected officials, it will go a long way to guaranteeing strong democratic governance in the future. We can do this through genuine debate and by addressing opponents in a respectful way. Children and young people learn about democracy in school, but this is worth little if they cannot learn from our example and experience. It is through democracy in action that positive ideas emerge and are converted into good decisions. Young people need to practice how democracy works, we must offer them skills and confidence to develop into democracy conscious adults.
This is why I, in cooperation with the political youth parties and the Norwegian Children and Youth Council, have launched the "Speak Out" initiative. "Speak Out Now" is a guide for young people on how to take part in and contribute to good and democratic debates. The initiative also includes a guide for adults, it contains five simple tips: how to behave, how to comment and when to comment online, how to create a good debate for everyone, how to respond to threats of harassment and how to always take young people seriously and help them experience a good debate.
This is very basic, so basic in fact that adults should not need a guide. Yet, the many comments about the Swedish girl Greta Thunberg after her speech in the UN, have shown only too well that we need to be reminded of our responsibility. Democracy has a problem if adults do not meet children and young people's engagement and opinions in a sincere manner. They are not lucky, they are not this sweet or they are not weak when they enter the debate. They are the basis. No more, no less. And they should be taken seriously just as we should take anyone who debates seriously. This is why I do my best to convince young people around Norway that we take them very seriously and really listen to their views when I have my weekly Skype meetings with them.
Dear colleagues, everything starts at home. Do we genuinely want to build a common European home for the next 70 years? If so, we must do our utmost to safeguard good democratic culture at home. It's our most important contribution. Here, the younger generation is both the key and our hope, and we must not fail them.
Thank you.
Thank you very much, Madame President.
I call now Mr VOLODIN to the rostrum, and I would ask Mr DANKO, Speaker of the Parliament of the Slovak Republic, to be prepared to speak next.
Mr VOLODIN, you have the floor.
Président, State Duma, Fédération de Russie
15:15:32
Dear Colleagues, dear friends,
Of course, it's an opportunity for us today, not only to welcome one another, but to review the work that is done by the Council of Europe. That of course means working on our common errors because in the future we would like to avoid those errors in order for the Council of Europe to really be a common European home in which we can discuss issues on the basis of the principle of equality of Member States; a principle that is set out in the founding texts of the Council of Europe. No double standards, no attacks on the sovereignty of the Member States. If we manage to do all of that and work on that basis, then we'll work effectively together, we'll cooperate together, and we'll take decisions that will subsequently be implemented. And I hope that if there is such dialogue, we can achieve consensus.
Do we manage to do this? Well, unfortunately, not always. And it doesn't always work because on the one hand, we talk about equality but on the other hand, we in fact, apply double standards in many cases and that is not appropriate, it is not correct.
So I would like to take advantage of my presence here at the rostrum to appeal to all of you that we should move away from these double standard approaches, which are very destructive for our common European home. We can't have certain requirements for some and different ones for others. When we talk about the sovereignty of our Member States, well it turns out that this sovereignty does not always take into consideration the traditions, the cultures, the histories of different countries. I mean, we all have our own pasts which are not necessarily the same, and if we all applied the same magnifying glass to the monitoring of individual countries, well that can not work. It will not lead to anything positive.
So I would like to suggest that we work together on common standards, which are accepted by consensus and if we are going to talk about universal human values, well, it's quite clear that they must be clearly defined, and rigorously followed in all states. If they are to be common values, well, let them be common, but we do represent 47 different states with different cultures, with different histories, with different political regimes. And after these 70 years, I think this is the road that we must follow to ensure a high quality of our work. We need to come up with model laws on issues such as combating terrorism, such as drawing up unified common lists of terrorist organisations. Only then, can we jointly combat terrorism. So this all needs to be formalised through our joint effort, through harmonisation of our legislation.
And it would also be most appropriate to start with those points that unite us and then work on the ones that divide us only subsequently.
So the question is whether we can find this way to come together, to be more united. I mean, just recently, in the Parliamentary Assembly an issue was put on the table on the possibility of creating an institute to write a common history. And a little more than 70 years ago, Europe was standing before a dramatic situation and the Soviet Union was a great sufferer in that; 27 million Soviet citizens lost their lives in the Second World War. And 70% of those 27 million were citizens, who would today, if they were still alive, be living in the Russian Federation. The other states that contributed to this great combat with us must remember the fact that we have fathers, grandparents who sacrificed their lives to save us from fascism. So I think that it would be correct, it would be right, to start with things that should unite us. We need to stop disturbing the graves of those who sacrificed their lives in order that we be able to meet now in peace and security, that we can live in the world we live in today, for ourselves and for our children.
So I would appeal to all of you to support this simple decision. A very minor decision but lets take it on board. What we see happening is unacceptable. The war affected absolutely every family in the Soviet Union and such a war must never happen again. And those republics that fought with us against fascism, many nationalities, Azerbaijanis, Armenians, Georgians, Moldovans, Ukrainians, Belarusians, I mean you are all here in the room. We will all be celebrating next year the 75th anniversary of the great victory over fascism and I hope that you will join us in this celebration and that this will be perceived not just as a victory, but also as a day to pay tribute to those who are buried in the earth of almost every European state because they gave their lives to save Europe for us and for our children from fascism.
Thank you.
I now call on Mr DANKO, from the Národná Rada of the Slovak Republic, and I would ask Mr JANDROKOVIĆ, from Croatia, to prepare himself as the next speaker.
Président, Národná Rada, République Slovaque
15:23:04
President LARCHER, Excellencies,
Dear Ladies and Gentleman, Colleagues,
It is my great pleasure to meet with you in Strasbourg where we have convened to jointly celebrate the 70th anniversary of founding the Council of Europe this year. We also mark the 30th anniversary of the fall of the Iron Curtain.
In 1993, the Slovak republic became a full-fledged member of the oldest European political organisation. The Council of Europe was born on the ruins of a war-torn Europe. Its cornerstones were the principles of equality, brotherhood, and also of respecting human, civil and national rights. These principles constitute the foundation of an institution that is respected by all European states, which is reflected in dozens of key international conventions and agreements. European civilisation is rooted in ancient culture which introduced the rule of the people to our continent.
Democracy in Europe is now multifaceted in all of our efforts. We should focus on mankind, on the people. We must understand that, oftentimes, priorities nowadays seem to be given only to the rights of our citizens, forgetting that a citizen of a democratic state has to be acting in a responsible way. We must understand that politics is the art of the possible, therefore, we are obliged to seek ways to tackle problems and challenges faced by Europe today.
The Council of Europe is the platform on which nations can promote cooperation and mutual dialogue. I particularly want to point out the importance given by the member states to the fact that the Council of Europe, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe would not be as important had it not had the Russian Federation in its circles.
I am very glad that I could stand here side by side with Mr VOLODIN. During the last five years, the Russian Federation was not part of the Council of Europe but it was not passive. It contributed to the development in Europe and I would like to recall another recent meeting in Kazakhstan, at the recent Euro-Asian summit. It was quite clear to me that the parliaments in Asia are fighting the same issues as we are: climate change, digitalisation, the question of human rights and the like. We believe that it is Russia that could bridge Europe with Asia.
We should learn from the lessons of the past. We should not repeat the same mistakes. The Council of Europe is a very important organisation and it covers a territory stretching from Lisbon to Vladivostok. And we can build a common European home on the basis of promoting the rule of law, human and civil rights, and respecting national sovereignty and culture. It is only unity in diversity that may deliver the sought result. Any unification or artificial rules restricting the inherent development of individual national communities will escalate extremism and undermine the principle of international cooperation. I think that the time has come to really think of all the things we have in common: what are our common visions, how we want to develop Europe. The European continent is divided geographically as well as economically, demographically, culturally and linguistically.
Dear Colleagues, we must tackle the existing problems in a pragmatic way, tackle the true problems. A topic that deserves attention at an international level is the digital world. I believe it would be worthwhile if we tried to develop universal rules in order to ensure cybersecurity, in order to have a regulated digital space. The virtual world has become an intrinsic part of our lives. The virtual world should serve us -- not we should serve the virtual world. We believe that we need to open up to artificial intelligence. It seems that human rights are not at all protected in the virtual world. I am not referring to censorship, not at all. I think that the time has come to introduce rules in the digital world, in honour of our children, the world we live in, and in honour of future delegations.
By way of conclusion, I appeal to you that we should be better in respecting one another, learning lessons from one another, helping each other. I believe that the advancement of all of our member states is one of the big benefits that we enjoy and this should be based on dialogue, and dialogue is something that ensures progress -- it is not war.
Thank you, my dear colleagues.
I will now give the floor to Mr JANDROKOVIĆ, on behalf of Croatia, and I would ask Mr PÕLLUAAS from the Estonian Parliament to prepare himself.
You have the floor.
Président, Hrvatski Sabor, Croatie
15:29:12
Mr Chairman, dear colleagues,
First of all, I would like to thank the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe for hosting this conference. I would also like to wish the best of success to the new Secretary General, as well as to commend my French and Swiss colleagues for their introductory remarks.
Seventy years ago, still in the painful aftermath of the Second World War, here in Strasbourg, our organisation was founded by 10 countries guided by deep reflection on its founding fathers and their vision, courage, wisdom and faith. Firm faith that it is possible to unite peoples around cooperation and sharing of common values that will lead towards a path of reconciliation. Faith in men and respect for their dignity. And this respect for fundamental human rights has been the backbone of our cooperation for all this time.
The construction of the European project has been gradual. As Robert Schumann said, Europe will not be made all at once or according to a single plan, it will be built through concrete achievements, which first create a de facto solidarity. And what are these achievements? First and foremost, the unique system of the European Convention on Human Rights and all related instruments that put the protection of human dignity at the very centre.
In these 70 years, 47 countries have showed their willingness to accept the basic principles and achievements and to be part of European unity. Among them, Croatia. Participation in a range of activities has greatly contributed to the strengthening of democratic standards, to the great benefit of all our citizens. The role of the Council of Europe has been particularly invaluable in light of our efforts made on our path to the European Union, whose presidency we will hold in two months' time.
Dear colleagues, today we are witnessing a number of challenges, not only global but also on the European continent itself. All these challenges have direct consequences on building Europe in partnership and we have to address them jointly, because only European-wide solutions can bring a positive result in the future. Protection of common values and principles has to be at the core of our actions in order to preserve the European project. The role of the Council of Europe is therefore more important than ever before. Protection of the highest European values must not be compromised under any circumstances and that is where the primary responsibility of the Member States lies.
Croatia is very determined because Croatian citizens have paid a high price defending those values and principles. Through continuous and constructive dialogue and joint action, we can avoid divisions and preserve unity. And it is precisely these divisions that have led us into the simplistic trap of populism and criticism of all that has been so carefully constructed until now. It has led us into the mistrust of citizens on the ability of the European institutions. Therefore, we should all learn our lessons and find strength and responsibility, design the right policies and lasting solutions that our citizens could support.
Thanks.
Thank you very much indeed.
I'm now going to call on Mr PÕLLUAAS to take the floor, and I'd like to ask Mr FARRUGIA, from the Chamber of Deputies of Malta, to prepare himself to speak afterward.
Excellencies, dear colleagues,
Estonia became the member of the Council of Europe in May 1993 but already in 1960 the Consultative Assembly of the CoE commemorated the anniversary of the annexation of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania with the special resolution condemning the brutal act of the Soviet Union.
Estonia has gained significantly from the membership of the Council of Europe. We have invited Council experts to consult our legislative process after regaining our independence, and thus, ensured that our laws are in full accordance with international norms. Estonia was the first among central and eastern European countries to successfully close the PACE monitoring mission back in 1997.
Ladies and gentleman, that being said, allow me to return to the Parliamentary Assembly session in June when the voting rights of the Russian delegation were restored by the Assembly. With this act, PACE overruled the fundamental principle of the Council of Europe: protection of the universal human rights.
The war is still waged in the heart of Europe. People are still hurt and killed in violent action. Russia has committed aggressive acts against Ukraine and refrained from following internationally negotiated guidelines to resolve the conflict. We need to keep the pressure on perpetrator and demand the violations of the basic human rights in eastern Ukraine to cease. Every international organisation is created on a foundation of mutually agreed rules and standards. This agreed framework of international law is supposed to provide us with a certain safety net of trust, applied universally by every Member State. The equality before the law encourages a small state to instinctively trust the principle of rule of law and believe in active international cooperation. This trust can be easy to lose.
Russia's systematic aggressive demonstration of lack of respect of international law and UN Charter signals desire for conflicts and instability. Destabilising behaviour affects not just neighbouring states but the whole Euro-Atlantic area.
The Parliamentary Assembly decision in June did not do justice to the countries facing aggression by their neighbour or trying to solve the frozen conflicts. We have seen an increasing number of conflicts related to Russia. For example, Transnistria or Abkhazia and South Ossetia in Georgia, Crimea, Donetsk and Luhansk in Ukraine.
The Parliamentary Assembly June decision encourages the bully to reach further to grab more. By changing the rules, the Assembly lost its ability to put pressure on countries that violate our common rules. Inability to counter aggression and neglecting the breach of law undermines trust in organisation and cooperation in general. Yet, we cannot afford to weaken the European security situation. We are under obligation to consolidate our common European home. Nobody is going to do it instead of us.
Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, Estonia is a democratic state with a law-abiding society and for us the principle of sticking to rules is a fundamental value. We recognise the importance of the PACE as a unique form uniting 47 different countries. Estonia remains an active member of the Council of Europe because only then developments can be effectively influenced by both word and deed. Estonia does not act alone. Together with colleagues from like-minded countries, Latvia, Lithuania, Georgia, Ukraine, Poland and the United Kingdom, we continue to coordinate our next steps.
Dear colleagues, the Council of Europe at 70 is so much more than celebrations, it is a call to action. Forty-seven plus nations deserve a safe and tidy home.
Thank you.
Thank you.
I will call President FARRUGIA of the Chamber of Deputies of Malta and invite President RAZUMKOV of the Rada of Ukraine to prepare.
Président, Il-Kamra Tad Deputati, Malte
15:39:05
Thank you Mr President,
Honorary Presidents and Speakers of parliament,
First of all, I would like to extend my greetings to you all for today's Part Conference, and also for the organizing of this meeting. Well, the Council of Europe can boast of many achievements during the past 70 years. To make our home, as we can say, of which we enjoy the freedoms of fully developed democracies and also enjoy rights which our forefathers could only dream of.
Many colleagues have already touched, we heard them today also, upon many of these. For example the phasing out of the death penalty in Europe and the success of the European Court of Justice and of Human Rights are only two of the most, I would say, venerated examples of such accomplishments. However, despite these achievements, it is inevitable for the Council of Europe to experience setbacks along the way. And we had setbacks. Even seasoned diplomats would agree that balancing different national rights, while trying to find common ground, is no easy feat, especially when certain issues seem to fall in diametric opposition sides between different parties.
However, in order to safeguard institution relevance in today's world, in this modern world, it is of utmost importance to address these challenging and difficult issues and, as we say it, you take the bull by its horns. No matter the potential criticism one could face, we have to do this. Avoiding complicated issues has never, and I repeat, has never resulted in peaceful resolution. On the contrary, when conflicts remain ignored and neglected, their intractability increases substantially, as the parties involved become more entrenched in their positions. This is why I agree with the speech which was done by the new Secretary General, Ms Marija PEJČINOVIĆ-BURIĆ, about the need for more dialogue to preserve multilateralism.
While multilateralism is increasingly being contested, it is the bedrock of the fight for Human Rights. As the speaker of the parliament of Malta and a citizen of course on my own rights, I stand firm in the belief that parliaments are central for the protection of Human Rights in democratic states. In fact, in the Parliament of Malta we are already in the process of establishing a Human Rights and equality commission, which will be responsible for the promotion and protection of Human Rights, which will only be accountable to parliament in order to perform its functions with impartiality and with complete independence. So parliaments are protectors of Human Rights, by their own very nature, the way they behave, the way they act, as they work for the good of the people, they represent the people. And the Maltese Parliament welcomes and supports all bilateral and multilateral efforts to promote democratic and rule of law structures and an independent judicial system world-wide. We know, dear colleagues, that we politicians need to come in terms with the fact that in fact real conflicts will not only be solved overnight, nor with a swift ink signature on the paper by a pen. That is not the solution.
The peaceful resolution of conflict takes time and patience. So we are celebrating the 70th anniversary of this Council of Europe, we have to be reminded that it is the job of each and one of us to break down barriers, whatever they are, between conflicting parties, to lead the way through dialogue. Address uncomfortable issues in the hope of resolving deep-rooted and long-standing disputes. This is our role, this is the role of the Council of Europe and we have to do this. If we don't do this we are not leading by example.
So, I have to conclude, that while we may not always agree with what we have done, what we did here in the Council of Europe, with the decisions that were taken here, however lest we forget the successes of the Council of Europe are the successes of the Member States as well.
Thank you very much.
I will call on President RAZUMKOV of the Rada of Ukraine to take the floor and I call on Mr XHAFERI, Speaker of the Parliament of Northern Macedonia.
Président, Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine
15:44:30
Your Excellencies,
Dear Colleagues,
Ladies and Gentleman,
This year's conference is a landmark event for many reasons. It provides a great opportunity to sum up and evaluate the achievements of the Council of Europe as an international organisation on the 70th year of its existence and to try to understand the root causes of some of its failures.
Times have changed along with the context of international relations, but the values and principles laid down by the founding fathers of the Council of Europe remain today as relevant as ever. Mentally, my country has always belonged to the European home of free nations. The citizens of Ukraine have paid a high price for protecting the values of the democratic world.
This year, Ukraine has witnessed a national game-changer ushered in by free and democratic elections. Our new government team has received a tremendous amount of trust from Ukrainian citizens. Ukraine has shown that citizen-wide engagement in political life is possible, as is the active inclusion of young people.
As representatives of Ukraine, it makes it possible for us to save Ukrainian citizens and address their needs. As the speaker of the newly elected parliament, I can ensure that the new Ukrainian government is aware of its enormous responsibility for the future of Ukraine. Therefore, we are fully committed to efforts aiming to reform our country. Last week, we recapped the first 50 days of our parliament's work. During that period, we had been able to lay the needed legal groundwork for further reform, which is so much expected by our people.
Dear Members of national delegations, almost a quarter of a century ago, Ukraine joined the Council of Europe and thus became part of this club of democratic nations. This period of our membership has been rather complex. However, the Council of Europe has always remained an important international platform for finding common and timely responses to the challenges of the times.
Ukraine is concerned about the undermined efficiency of the key Council of Europe bodies, due to the abolition of the right to oppose effective sanctions on those member states that neglect their commitments and pursue a systemic and determined policy that disregards human rights. Double standards which unfortunately sometimes become part of the day-to-day decision-making process in the Council of Europe call into question the value system of this organisation.
The decision by the permanent delegation of the Verkhovna Rada not to attend the session of the PACE was motivated by a protest against the unconditional return of the Russian delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly without implementing any of this organisation's seven resolutions concerning the continued armed aggression against Ukraine. This decision is a response to the total and systematic violations of human rights by the aggressor in temporary occupied territories. Moreover, the situation related to the credentials of the Ukraine delegation has set a dangerous precedent -- the consequences of which are difficult to foresee at this moment.
Ukraine is concerned that the organisation is showing a weak response to consistent patterns of human rights violations in some countries. Even though the very issue of human rights together with access to the European Court of Human Rights was the main argument used to justify the return of the Russian delegation, our country, together with other states, isn't ready to put up with attempts to damage the credibility of the Council of Europe.
Dear Colleagues, in my opinion, the next 70 years of the Council's existence should go under the motto of "returning to the ideals and principles dating to the time of its inception". As history shows, compromises with conscience have always ended badly. Our consistency with principle must be unbroken if we are to strive for the promotion of international law as the utmost value.
Ukraine has undertaken to protect the Council of Europe, including the Parliamentary Assembly from the negative consequences of the double-standards policy and to preserve it as a pan-European platform for setting the highest standards, not only for human rights, democracy and the rule of law but also for pan-European security.
The territorial ambitions of some member states have cast a shadow over the peaceful future of our peoples. Historic opportunities to strengthen peace and stability on the continent are repeatedly lost. The only guarantee for free and democratic development, the establishment of the European space as a vast area of democratic security, is the willingness to ensure -- not in words but in reality -- respect for human rights, the rule of law and democratic freedoms.
Therefore, the basis for the development of Europe for the next 70 years should be the concept of democratic security by implementing the principles laid down in the European Charter on Human Rights. Without democratic values, there can be no stable and mighty Europe. The failure to respect human rights gives rise to aggression, which endangers the whole world.
Unfortunately, it is not enough just to point to the problem. And I'm sure that the national parliaments which do not uphold standards related to human rights, the rule of law and principles of good neighbourly relations, peaceful coexistence and inviolable borders should feel the effects of such wrongful conduct. I'm convinced that the restoration and respect for democratic values should become a predominant topic of further debate within these walls.
Thank you.
Thank you very much indeed.
Let me now give the floor to Mr XHAFERI on behalf of North Macedonia, and I would ask Mr ASADOV, President of the Milli Mejlis of Azerbaijan, to be prepared to speak afterward.
Président, Sobranie, Macédoine du Nord
15:50:31
Distinguished chairmen,
Dear colleagues,
Your excellencies,
Ladies and gentlemen,
Allow me, on behalf of the members of the Assembly of the Republic of North Macedonia, and on my own behalf, to congratulate everyone on the marking of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the Council of Europe. The leading Human Rights organization of the continent, with 47 European Member States, which aside from being in the same continent have one more important thing in common, that is, they are signatories of the European Convention on Human Rights. This is actually a treaty for the protection of human rights, democracy and the rule of law.
The Republic of North Macedonia has been a Member State since 1995 and has been actively cooperating with all the bodies of the Council of Europe during that time. Many changes have taken place since the establishment of the Council, both politically and geographically. One can truly say that the original idea of Europe as a common home of all has now spread beyond the borders of the European continent. And, why not, when the principles proclaimed by and underlined by the work of the Council, are those of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of the United Nations Organization representing nearly all of the world’s states.
The world we live in today differs from the one in which the Council was founded, but the fundamentals are the same, democratic and essential. And those are the rule of law and respect for human rights and freedoms. Therefore, all people, without exception, have the right to a free, dignified life without being denied the right to life, movement, learning, working and creating, the exercise of rights and fair and equal treatment before judicial authorities and state institutions. In order for this to happen, it is necessary to respect the democratic rights and principles that have long been established and accepted by states signatories of international conventions.
However, the most important thing is that this is respected and practiced by all. Because, in reality, all of us as human beings, as individuals, have our own trades, characteristics, aspirations and desires. Sometimes realistic, sometimes unrealistic, but it is important that they are based on shared values and principles. Let us not allow divisions, let us not have second and first-class citizens, because feeding those demons, supporting new self-centred and self-willed leaders, who will outweigh the common good to achieve their egoistic goals will not bring anything good for anyone. Differences are beautiful only when they are part of a puzzle that compresses the whole picture, without lines of division and discord, otherwise the picture will be gloomy and sad, full of pain that I know young generations are unaware of and, hopefully, they will never know.
However, all of us who have once tasted the bitterness or experienced it, or have been talked about it by our fathers or grandfathers, we have a moral obligation not to let it be felt by either the present or future generations. We have an obligation to teach them to live together, with each other, not next to one another. To sympathise with the joy but also with the pain of the other. Because, first of all, and above all, we are citizens of this world which, no matter how complex and difficult it is, if we establish all the true values of mutual respect and understanding, can be very simple and beautiful.
And this was precisely the purpose of establishing the Council of Europe, to unite diversity, to respect particularities, but also to find a common platform to develop and promote cooperation and understanding between states and people in order to create a more beautiful common home for all. A home in which everyone will feel equal and protected without national, religious, economic, social, cultural, gender, sexual or any other discrimination. A world in which everyone has an equal opportunity for education, healthcare, to work, and create a world where everyone has the right to a clean environment and clean air. Is there anything more beautiful than satisfied citizens who feel their country as their home, who work and contribute to its progress and development?
Distinguished, the Republic of North Macedonia, its citizens, its state and public institutions, the political actors from the government and opposition, the NGO sector and all human potential have always been consistent with the ratified Universal Convention for Human Rights and Freedoms. Even through all the turbulent times that have been an integral part of the Balkans, the same have been incorporated to the constitution of the country since its independence and are fully respected, as it is a guarantee of peace at home, of security in the region and beyond in the world.
The Republic of North Macedonia has been working hard to promote strengthened good neighbourly relations because we believe that together, as regions, we can send multiple lessons of unity and power.
Ladies and gentlemen, I believe you are all already aware of the latest developments regarding our expectations for getting a date to start accessing negotiations with the European Union. Something that unfortunately failed to happen despite the several successive reports that noted the positive progress of the Republic of North Macedonia. If you ask the question, whether the arguments for not getting the date are based, I will not comment. But if you ask which path we will follow, we will follow the path for integration into the European Union.
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you very much for the attention.
I call President ASADOV for Azerbaijan and ask President Gramoz RUÇI, for the Albanian Parliament to prepare.
Dear chairmen,
Ladies and gentlemen,
Dear colleagues,
Seventy years ago, the farsighted individuals who laid the foundations of the Council of Europe found out that the way to avoid the repetition of the horrors of World War II, Fascism and Stalinism, is to unite European nations in a common home surrounding their common values. They rightfully declared that the most effective means of achieving greater unity in Europe is establishing the principles of freedom, democracy, and protection of human rights and the rule of law. During the past period we have made amazing progress in the field of protecting and developing European values. Important steps have been taken to implement ideals that are the common goals of the European nations.
This period has also shown that, just like 70 years before, there is no alternative to democratic development today. Therefore, the promotion, support and protection of democracy are now the rights and responsibilities of every European state. Naturally, a particular responsibility in this area falls upon the institutions we represent. A parliament based on gender balance that is reflected on the whole spectrum of political forces, trends and ideas existing in society and considerate of ethnic diversity, is a true school of democracy and political culture. By adopting laws that meet modern standards, parliament insures the implementation of political freedoms and establishment of the rule of law.
Coming to the republic of Azerbaijan that I represent here today, I can tell you that our country has been a member of the Council of Europe for 19 years now, and is actively involved in the activities of various organizations. Azerbaijan has honoured the vast majority of the obligations and commitments undertaken when joining the Council of Europe, and has made significant progress towards building a democratic society based on the protection and promotion of human rights and the rule of law.
Today, Azerbaijan has become a party to more than 70 conventions and agreements of the Council of Europe. The last instrument that our country joined was the Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse. This document, known as the Lanzarote Convention, has been ratified by the Milli Majlis on these days. Azerbaijan is ready for constructive dialogue and cooperation with the Council of Europe institutions including the Parliamentary Assembly on the outstanding issues. In this regard, we can mention with satisfaction the consistent measures undertaken within the context of implementation of the Council of Europe action plan for Azerbaijan, covering the years 2018-2021.
Dear colleagues, today, the issues have been added to the list of problems that had forced our continent to unify 70 years ago. This includes terrorism, illegal migration, religious intolerance and extremism, xenophobia, islamophobia, ethnic separatism and violation of state sovereignty. The challenges of the modern era raise serious doubts above the possibilities of addressing the problems of democratic development within the paradigm that was established in the past. I believe that in the future the Council of Europe should base its activities on the principle of indivisibility of security and raise the following issue: a unified approach to security problems that pose a threat to the democratic values system should be formed before the challenges for democratic development are accumulated and increased further.
I am specifically speaking about the need to prevent ethnic separatism, nationalism and attacks on the sovereignty and territorial integrity of states. The reason for this is clear, for more than 25 years, 20% of Azerbaijan’s territory, that is the Nagorno-Karabakh region and seven adjacent districts, have been occupied by Armenian armed forces. Ethnic cleansing accompanied by ruthless genocide acts was carried out in the occupied regions as well as the territory of Armenia. One million Azerbaijanis have been expelled from their home lands and their fundamental rights and freedoms enshrined in the European Convention of Human Rights have been grossly violated. Similar problems exist in some other European countries as well, and the political and humanitarian consequences, as well as the threat for the reignition, undermine our collective efforts to build strong democratic inclusive societies. We have always based our appeals on the following point: an attack on the security of the State means an attack on democracy and the rule of law. Moreover we wanted to bring our European colleagues attention to an attack on the sovereignty and territorial integrity of one of the member states of the Council of Europe, who seeks to achieve greater unity among the inhabitants of Europe, must be regarded as an attack on our entire union and values. We carry individual responsibility as countries and collective responsibility as the Council of Europe, which has been considered as a locomotive of democracy in the world to overcome many threats to the centuries of European old values.
Thank you very much for your attention.
Thank you.
I will give the floor to President Gramoz RUÇI for Albania and invite our colleague, the Speaker of the Parliament of Greece, to prepare.
Honourable Chair of the session,
Honourable Colleagues,
Presidents of Parliament,
As a representative of a small and peripheral country of today's Europe, I have more reasons to imagine the dreams of small countries like Albania coming true.
Those countries that are all living under the roof of 47 members' common home, named Europe, are still some outside and some at the threshold of the 27-28 members' family, named the European Union. Today Europe is the world's most beautiful place. The development programmes and scenarios in the last 70 years have made the continent less conflictual and, of course, more solidary.
However, our Europe remains the continent of asymmetries. I believe that, in the coming decades, Europe will have solved many of them. My first conviction is that in the next two or three decades, the European family will be inside the European home. Europe will suffer less from the consequences of asymmetries between the super-developed North and developing South trying to reach North.
Europe's peninsulas, Scandinavia, the Iberian peninsula, the Apennines and the Balkans will no longer be so different in terms of development rates, competitiveness, prosperity levels and contribution to peace. The people of the Balkans will no longer need Scandinavian negotiators to calm down among themselves. Southeast Europe as a concept will probably not exist anymore because the differences that gave rise to this notion will have disappeared or, at least, greatly mitigated.
Western Balkans will no longer be the "black sheep" for the European leaders but will be an additional value of the big European common family. Europe's cultural and political boundaries will become less considerable and will probably comply with geographical boundaries. For those who will convene in this same palace after 70 years, the reasons for keeping religious conflicts alive, of course, will have mitigated. The European statesmen and politicians would just have to follow the model of religious coexistence my Albania provides. European leaders will no longer argue over whether or not to accept immigrants. The large European economy will produce beds for everyone, and citizens from other continents will not be stopped in Lampedusa.
So we all will face other enemies, such as climate change, environmental degradation, population ageing, cyber insecurity, technological risks, etc.
Honourable Colleagues,
Churchill, Schumann, de Gasperi, Adenauer, Spaak and Beyen -- rather than dreaming of it -- they contributed to the construction of the European common home. We and the generations to come should follow their example.
I thank you.
Présidente de l'Assemblée Parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
16:07:06
Thank you, Mr. RUÇI.
The next speaker is Mr. TASSOULAS. The next speaker will be Mrs Ināra MŪRNIECE from Latvia.
Président, Vouli Ton Ellinon, Grèce
16:07:21
Chairman,
Ladies and Gentleman,
I am called upon to speak as a politician -- not as a prophet -- and, as such, I will talk about what must be done in the next 70 years and mainly what the priority is. As you will see, this priority unites the two themes of our conference.
So I am not a prophet, besides, it is well established that it is difficult to make predictions, especially on the future. The Council of Europe was born 70 years ago, after the horrors of the Second World War, to defend human rights in the European continent. The European Convention on Human Rights is the foundation of the European legal culture. It was followed by the European Court of Human Rights to ensure compliance of the member states to the binding nature of the court.
With the European Social Charter, the Council of Europe supports social rights and with the Venice Commission, it strengthens the rule of law. All these achievements I've just described would not have been easily predicted 70 years ago because they are literally unprecedented; however, now this chapter allows us to be optimistic about the next 70 years.
Our main objective in the immediate future is to address the vital challenge of climate change. If we don't do that, there is no point to any programme on well-being, on economic progress, on innovation and education, or new competencies in local administration. If the protection of the natural environment is not immediate and sustainable -- that is, if we don't implement the Paris Agreement and the UN Agenda 2030 -- then we will be deprived of the framework within which we usually shape the story of our lives, taking it for granted as assailable and infinite.
Can we do that? We have done it in the past. In October 1971, a particularly inauspicious message was sent out to humanity. It said the following: "After the year 2000, life on Earth will be almost impossible. A rapid population growth before the year 2000 will be followed by a dramatic, sharp decline due to food shortage and the impact of environmental pollution on humans." This was a conclusion of 17 leading MIT scientists, under Dr Dennis MEADOWS, and they came to this conclusion in the report "The Limits to Growth".
The Dutch commissioner of the then European Economic Community, Sicco Mansholt, read the report and was very concerned. He is known as the father of the Common Agricultural Policy. In February 1972, affected by this MIT report, he sent a letter to the chairperson of the executive committee of the EEC, Franco María MALFATTI, in which he suggested way for Europe to intervene to prevent the foreseeable disaster in 2000. We know today that Europe has addressed and preempted the predictions of the world's largest computer at the time. We know that both the food crisis and the demographic decline were both prevented. It is therefore proven that Europe, with political decisions, has prevented the worst by tackling these serious crises.
Is, however, climate change on a par with the 1971 food crisis? It is clearly a much bigger problem but we do have the knowledge and the objectives ready and voted on. What we need is democratic and political will. Greece, for example, already ardently supports the strategic long-term vision for an EU economy that will not burden the climate by 2050. We have already fulfilled the goals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 2020. Until 2030, we plan to produce 35% of our electricity from renewable sources, shutting down all ignite based power units by 2028. And as of 2021, we will ban single-use plastic.
I come from a region of northwestern Greece, called Epirus. My village is Dodona, where the oldest oracle of Ancient Greece was located. It was dedicated to Zeus the King of Gods. From the 8th century BC all the way to the 4th century AD, this oracle -- for 12 centuries -- answered questions posed by laymen but also by leaders. Will my child be healthy? Will my debtor repay me? Will the harsh winter pass? Should I marry Fenomeni?
Up to the 4th century BC, people expected their god to free them from their anguish. At the time, a significant shift took place and religious Dodona became political as well. An assembly was established in Dodona where laws were passed and where local citizens decided on their lives and they didn't just expect God to do things for them.
This is why I chose the subject on "the next 70 years, not because my village had an oracle but because it had an assembly. This way, similarly, in this significant and esteemed European Assembly, I can finally predict that, yes, in the next 70 years as well, our common European home will be solid, that the Council of Europe will be at the helm of environmental protection, which is proving to be the primary human right of our time.
Thank you.
Présidente de l'Assemblée Parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
16:13:17
Thank you Mr TASSOULAS
I give the floor to Ms. MŪRNIECE.
The next speaker will be Mr. BRAJOVIĆ, from Montenegro.
Excellencies,
Dear colleagues,
I would like to start by congratulating all of us on the 70th anniversary of our organization. Also, let me thank the President of the Assembly for organizing this conference, that indeed opens an excellent platform for debate. Over the last 70 years, the Council of Europe has been a unique standard-setting organization in the field Human Rights, rule of law and democracy. The unique individual human rights protection mechanism provided by the European Court of Human Rights, as well as the work of different monitoring bodies of the Council of Europe have prompted major legal and structural changes across Europe. However, we also know that it is easy to destroy something that has been built over the years.
Unfortunately, today we witness that the unity of the Council of Europe has been challenged, its core values and principles undermined and the authority of the Parliamentary Assembly has been compromised and weakened. How did we get there? There are a number of events that have contributed. The illegal annexation of Crimea, the military conflict in Donbass and the occupation of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, the flagrant interference with the freedom of speech and assembly, repression against journalists, political opponents, human rights defenders... have clear negative effects on the functioning of the Council of Europe. Failure to address these issues has contributed to the loss of trust of our people in the organization. Moreover, the resolution of the Parliamentary Assembly on the unconditional return of the Russian delegation to the PACE caused doubts on the credibility of our organization.
The resolution was adopted in circumstances where the military aggression by the Russian Federation in eastern Ukraine and the illegal annexation of Crimea has continued, and Russia had not made any steps towards conflict resolution in Ukraine and Georgia. Thus, the resolution manifestly disregarded the previous PACE resolutions condemning the grave violations of international law committed by Russia. It is also important to recall why Russia's voting rights were suspended in 2014. It was in response to the first annexation of the territory of a sovereign state since the end of the Second World War.
Therefore, Latvia and other like-minded countries, the Baltic plus group, voted against the resolution and demonstrated a clear position by leaving the Assembly's June part session, not participating in the Assembly's autumn part session and refusing to attend the celebration of the organization's 70th anniversary. The group has an objective: to re-establish the credibility of and confidence in both the Parliamentary Assembly and the Council of Europe. Latvia will continue the policy of non-recognition of Russia's illegal annexation of Crimea and condemnation of its aggression in Ukraine and Georgia. It is a joint responsibility of the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, the Committee of Ministers, the Parliamentary Assembly and the Member States to follow closely and make sure that all Member States comply with international law, their Council of Europe commitments and the respective assemblies resolutions. National parliaments must play a key role in this process.
Thank you for your attention.
Présidente de l'Assemblée Parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
16:18:17
I call Mr. BRAJOVIĆ.
The next speaker will be Mrs KRIŠTO from Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Distinguished Madame Chair,
Dear Parliamentarians,
Ladies and Gentleman,
This year, we mark the 70th anniversary of founding the Council of Europe as well as the 30th anniversary since the fall of the Berlin wall, which hailed the end of the dividing lines in Europe. During these 70 years, through common desire and effort, European states have built an enormous legal key based on the values of democracy, human rights and the rule of law.
By promoting the idea of the common European home, as well as the vision of ourselves within that home, I want to emphasise that throughout its history -- and especially in the last 13 years since the renewal of its independence -- Montenegro has cherished common European values. These are the values of respect for differences, equal opportunities and, above all, promoting long-standing peace.
Montenegro maintains its pro-European course through the engagement of its institutions in all its entire society in the accession process, in particular of the parliament of Montenegro, which plays an important role in the harmonisation processes with the EU acquis. The focus is placed on the quality of reforms, on the constant transformation of society and the improvement of all institutions guaranteeing political security and economic stability.
In this process, where I would like to point out the importance of international parliamentary cooperation, it is important to know that all Montenegrin parliamentary parties support membership of the EU. This clearly and sufficiently speaks to the commitment of the citizens who elected them and who expected a clear European perspective for their country.
The parliament of Montenegro, through its active work, contributes to the improvement of the political and socioeconomic environment by continuously communicating with institutions, citizens, representatives of the media and civil society and international organisations operating in our country. This is also evidenced by the fact that, in the wide range in research, the Montenegrin parliament in several years has been continuously recognised as the most open in the region.
These days, the parliament of Montenegro -- by working on constant improvement of the electoral environment -- does a social consensus of all elective representatives of the citizens with regard to their commitment to further democratisation of society through the institutional strengthening of the rule of law.
I'm convinced that within our common challenge, where the OSCE and the European Union provide us with immeasurable support, a responsible understanding of the needs of society, openness and readiness for cooperation will be the dominating political needs. Coming from the parliament, which is considered the most open in the region, I will be free at this exceptional parliamentary gathering to mark the understanding, openness and willingness to cooperate as keywords in the success for interparliamentary cooperation, as well as the cooperation of the EU members states and future members.
And I will not consider it coincidental that Mikhail Gorbachev promoted the idea of a common European home in his speech in 1989 at a Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly. We witness that this visionary idea expressed here in this Parliament has survived these 30 years and gained its historic transformation.
Montenegro and Western Balkans believe in the vision of belonging to a united Europe. This is why we think that precisely this topic of a common European home is an opportunity to talk about the enlargement of the EU, because the Western Balkans is undoubtedly a part of the future of a strong, stable and united Europe.
In Montenegro, which has long been a leader in meeting criteria and a major promoter of the Union's values, we believe that discouraging enlargement messages from some European countries do not support the further democratisation of the Western Balkan countries nor the European stability. Such messages encourage only populist movements within states and also open doors to political influences that no one among us here considers desirable.
So in the end, I would like to send the following message: citizens of Montenegro are true Euro-enthusiasts. We believe that in the following decades, the following common European values and interests will be even stronger. We also believe that awareness will be raised for the needs of our common European home -- which was built on sound and strong foundations -- to be strengthened internally but also enlarged with new members. Montenegro sees itself in this home as a productive, useful and loyal member to be welcomed as soon as possible.
Thank you.
Présidente de l'Assemblée Parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
16:23:27
Thank you, Mrs KRIŠTO.
The next speaker will be Ms. GOJKOVIĆ, from Serbia.
Présidente, Predstavnicki dom, Bosnie-Herzégovine
16:23:44
Distinguished President of the Parliamentary Assembly of Council of Europe, Madame PASQUIER,
Distinguished Presidents and Vice-Presidents of Parliament,
Ladies and gentlemen,
It is my great pleasure and honour to speak today on this item which I believe will contribute to strengthening our mutual ties on the path to understanding and bringing closer the peoples and countries we represent. The multilateral meetings of the parliamentarians are not only a formal form of expression, but an opportunity for a substantive debate on all key issues for the further development of relations, in this case among the member states of the Council of Europe. This oldest international organisation of European states in its 70 years of existence has certainly made a major contribution to the improvement of parliamentary democracy, to respect for human rights and the establishment of the rule of law in Europe, which are certainly the basic roles based on which it was founded in 1949. It is on these fundamental principles and values of the Council of Europe that over the past seven decades, we have succeeded in making of Europe, which was an area of open conflict and intolerance, an area of cooperation and prosperity based on a common interest. Of course, we can always rightly ask ourselves if we are satisfied with our achievements and whether we could do more and better. But if there hadn't been that transformative power of European process, today, we would not be in the position to talk about, I would say, the biggest contributions of this organisation, namely the European Commission on Human Rights and the European Court of Human Rights, as well as a number of international treaties that were concluded under the auspices of the Council of Europe on human and social rights, media, freedom of expression, education, culture, cultural identity, cultural diversity, sport, local authority, health and all legal, regional and national cooperation.
It is obvious that today Europe is increasingly facing the challenges of globalisation, accompanied by various crises, from the financial, economic, democratic to the migrant crisis, the dialogue is certainly a powerful instrument for addressing all the challenges of the day because this is the only way we can unite our own efforts in the defence of common values.
The country from which I come and which I represent is structured as a state of free, constituent people: Croats, Bosniaks, Serbs and of other citizens who live in the country which functions under the International Peace Agreement, Annex 4 of the Dayton Peace Agreement. Due to this specific nature of Bosnia-Herzegovina's internal organisation, the dialogue and the understanding of the issues that are crucial for Bosnia and Herzegovina's functioning and its move towards Euro-Atlantic integration are of the utmost importance. Therefore, the most important questions that arises in our reform and integration plan is precisely the changes in the electoral legislation in terms of applying the basic democratic standards through the respect of the democratically expressed political will of all free constituent people. Therefore, I know very well the value of compromise, dialogue and consensus in order to build better relations and shared values. It is only through dialogue that we can maintain and improve the common values and principles of the Council of Europe as our common heritage.
It is just in this way that we will be able to think about trust in the European institutions and to talk about the future of the Council of Europe.
Thank you for your attention.
Présidente de l'Assemblée Parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
16:28:10
Thank you.
I call Mrs. GOJKOVIĆ.
The next speaker will be Mr. TSERETELI, from the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly.
Présidente, Narodna Skupština, Serbie
16:28:26
Distinguished President,
Distinguished Secretary General, Mr Oleg SAVITSKY,
Distinguished colleagues,
Speakers of Parliament,
Ladies and gentlemen,
This year will mark and important event, the 70th anniversary of the founding of the Council of Europe, and in this context I would like to emphasise that Serbia is part of the community of European nations that advocate democracy, foster democratic institutions, rule of law and the respect for Human Rights. Serbia has been a Member State since 2001, not only because it is in the heart of Europe geographically, but because it is committed to universal values within the Council of Europe and to the European integration process. And, because of this, the European home may not be complete without Serbia. The European home’s commitment to multilateralism is the best way to avoid conflict and ensure democratic security for all citizens.
Ladies and gentlemen, all the horrors of the Second World War that devastated Europe indicated the necessity of founding an institution such as the Council of Europe. For us, in the Balkans, the horror of the civil war in the 1990’s that shattered our common state at the time is now behind us. But we need to remember the past so that it does not repeat again. More importantly, we need to look towards the future together. Common values and institutions such as the Council of Europe need to unite us in building up a robust and free Europe. The republic of Serbia is, because of this, particularly committed to finding sustainable solutions through cooperation and dialogue at the regional level.
In this connection, we emphasize the importance of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe’s neutral position on the Kosovo and Metohija issue, and observance of the United Nation Security Council Resolution 1244. Respecting common and original values, includes also active advocacy and taking some concrete steps. For Serbia, it includes not only application of Conventions but also practical cooperation towards strengthening institutions as well as full activity of our delegation in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe towards advocating our founding values.
In the wider regional framework, it is always worth recalling to what extent the European integration process has contributed to increasing safety in Europe. The enlargement policy is one of the most successful policies in the European territory. It is an example of a concrete work towards the preservation of common values, which is why it is important to continue with its implementation.
For 70 years now the Council of Europe has been decisively defending a democratic and free Europe. This free democratic Europe in which the rule of law is respected and Human Rights protected, this Europe is our common home that we must defend against challenges so we can leave it even stronger for next generations. In this regard, we may not only speak about expectations for the future, because expectations will not be fulfilled on their own. We need to be active in achieving our goals, with a view to keeping our common values.
Ladies and gentlemen, there are numerous challenges ahead of us in this modern turbulent world. Only together can we tackle all these challenges. I think that it is notably important for us to believe in our common organization and particularly to trust each other. Our commitment is to protect democracy and the respect of rights. We are all different here, and this diversity should be protected and appreciated. But it is in this diversity that we should stand united in our common undertaking towards preserving democracy and basic freedoms, as it has been the case for the past 70 years.
The destiny of our common European home does not depend on how similar or different we are, but on whether we will conduct policy of unity or policy of conflict. The policy of unity enables us to see similarities in diversity and the policy of division turns similarities into differences.
We need to use new energy to renew the old pledge given to basic Council of Europe values among which parliamentarism is given a special place. It is necessary to explain to our citizens, particularly to the young ones, that parliaments are their institutions, instruments in their hands for tackling the most significant issues in society. It is possible that the source of citizens mistrust in institutions is that the parliaments do not advocate universal values.
We need to be determined in the intention, and very active. So that the youth and other citizens are not mislead by extremist ideologies, increase of racism, xenophobia and related intolerances. We must not respond to ideology with another ideology, but by applying standards. Only with these values can we build a civilization and a community of prosperity and future welfare for our nations.
Thank you for your attention.
Présidente de l'Assemblée Parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
16:34:21
Thank you.
I call Mr TSERETELI.
The next speaker will be Mr. LATORCAI from Hungary.
Président de l'Assemblée Parlementaire de l'OSCE
16:34:56
Dear president Ms Liliane MAURY PASQUIER,
Dear Secretary General Mr Oleg SAVITSKY,
Excellences Speakers of Parliament,
Fellow parliamentarians,
Ladies and gentlemen,
Let me thank the Council of Europe and the leadership for the opportunity of being here today in Strasbourg, to address this distinguished body on behalf of OSCE parliamentarians on this special occasion. As our regular cooperation demonstrates, our organizations have a lot in common, but firstly values. In these turbulent times, when multilateralism severely suffers from widespread mistrust and the breach of basic commitments, we need to step up as mediators to revitalize peaceful diplomacy and strengthen parliamentary engagement.
Dear colleagues, when thinking of our common European home, we surely approach the future with mixed feelings. On the one side, over the past 70 years Europe has truly become a common home after so many wars and conflicts, and this happened greatly thanks to the determined political will to preserve peace, advance Human Rights and fundamental freedoms, enshrined in the foundation of institutions such as the Council of Europe. But on the other side, the number of worrying setbacks in our democratic and security commitments need to be addressed urgently. While we have managed to build a common home with strong foundations, disdain for house rules has made it more complicated to maintain our harmonic coexistence. Breaches of commitments, violent extremism, Human Rights violations are at rise, accompanied by broad popular dissatisfaction, radical nationalistic trends and the rejection of the very concept of common home. If we look at the 70 years ahead of us, the picture will not be bright if we do not resolve the conflicts affecting our region and neighborhood, where first and foremost our people are suffering and losing hope.
Only in the OSCE area, in Ukraine, we're witnessing continued military activity, despite of an existing road map for a peaceful solution. In Georgia, illegal border decisions are going on in blunt breach of international law and agreements. The situation concerning the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is still extremely fragile and the Transnistrian settlement process, while there have been some positive steps, needs further acceleration. For instance, we are more concerned also and we also must look beyond our frontiers to follow the current critical situation at the Turkey-Syria border. While all our countries have their own legitimate security concerns, we must not compromise on our rule-based order and we have diplomacy to achieve and maintain stable peace. When necessary, we must act rapidly and decisively to prevent crises.
Dear colleagues, this year marks another anniversary, 30 years ago East and West celebrated in the fall of Berlin Wall. The Helsinki process played an important role in these events that led to November 1989. If we believe in a process that led to the fall of the Berlin Wall, we must pursuit spirit also in addressing the many divisions that still affect us today. So complex are our joint challenges that they require even unprecedented cooperation and partnerships. It is not by chance that OSCE Parliamentary Assembly, held this year for the first time in its history the plenary meeting, in a partner Mediterranean country, Morocco. During our annual session, the latest one in Luxembourg, our members have adopted their wide range of recommendations for our governments, covering issues from hard security to gender equality and environment.
And as elected representatives of our oversight function, we carry the additional responsibility of restoring the confidence of our citizens towards politics. They are increasingly disillusioned, and participation in the public life and discourse is shrinking. Reverting this trend is an imperative and we can only do it by giving the example. Europe as a common home remains more relevant than ever, but we must truly believe in it. We need to engage youth and prove the new generations how much international cooperation can achieve. However, we have to be consistent and care about the credibility of our institutions, delivering on our promises, but of course never compromising our values. You can, dear colleagues, rest assured on the full support of the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly toward this goal.
I look forward to continuing this dialogue, to bring an added value to the end users of parliamentary diplomacy, our citizens.
Thank you very much.
Présidente de l'Assemblée Parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
16:40:06
Thank you.
I call Mr LATORCAI.
The next speaker is Mrs. MIHĂLCESCU.
Distinguished,
Madame and Mr Speakers,
First and foremost, allow me to express my deep-felt gratitude to the founding fathers for the fact that they have created these institutions for the benefit of all of us, and we would also like to say thank you to the organisers of this session. It is a great pleasure that we finally found a solution to the year’s long crisis of the Council of Europe, an organisation that celebrates its 70th anniversary here. As a result of this solution, we manage to remain pan-European. This is very important because, although the division of Europe into an eastern and western part ended 30 years ago, our continent continues to be fragmented by several dividing lines.
I such a situation, it is of key importance that we have the opportunity to conduct a debate about our shared European home and, especially, its next 70 years. We, the heads of parliaments, dedicated to representing our people, are certainly obliged to try to reduce the distance between citizens and politicians. It is visible that in many places the political elite drifted away from their voters. And, instead of listening to the voice of these people, they wish to convince them of their own utopian views.
At the same time, those who are capable of listening to what the people are saying are often pronounced as "populists". Populist politics must indeed be avoided -- but this cannot lead to an elitist government. We must never forget that there cannot be democracy without the demos.
In recent years, we Hungarians applied the principle of direct democracy and sought the opinion of our voters on issues including migration, the protection of our borders, terrorism and the need to support families. The political leadership of several European countries emphasise the human rights of people arriving on our continent while they seem to disregard the rights of indigenous minorities, which have lived here for centuries.
In a similar manner, they ignore the human rights and the fears of the people in their own countries and the ever-deepening social division that is the consequence of such policies. We, however, believe that every country has the sovereign right to decide when and to whom it opens its borders. I absolutely agree with those who drafted our concept paper when arguing that we must combat terrorism but, in the meantime, we must guarantee the security of our citizens by also representing, not stigmatising, entire groups.
However, this has a very important prerequisite, namely that we do not import into Europe the problems of the world but that we try to solve those problems where they have occurred. And another important point I wish to make is that we can only throw in our lot with people who themselves are prepared to do the same with us. That is, that they accept the rules and customs of the country where they want to live. It is a highly critical issue because the moral and societal teachings of some religions are contradictory to the European legal environment. It is enough to refer to the social role of women and their rights.
Speaking about the role of women, I would like to reflect upon the point made in the keynote document, namely, that resistance against gender equality is ever vocal. I wish to emphasise that rejecting the gender agenda cannot be confused with accepting violence against women. Nothing proves this point better than the report by the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights on violence against women, stating that, above the age of 15, every third woman in the EU has experienced physical or sexual violence at least once. The worst is the Danish and the least bad is the Polish indicator. Similarly to the Poles, we Hungarians are a rather positive example in this regard.
I find it, however, so provoking -- distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen -- that while Poland is frequently criticised for its shortcoming on gender equality, women in Poland are still the safest of all. So we certainly do not lack challenges, but the last 70 years proved that dialogue and cooperation are the best tools by which we can protect our shared values. Dialogue and cooperation require trust-building even today, the basis of which must be consistent adherence to our oblations to which we committed ourselves in the treaties of the Council of Europe.
For this, I wish all of us unrelenting perseverance and much success.
Thank you very much for your attention.
Présidente de l'Assemblée Parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
16:45:44
Thank you.
I call Mrs MIHĂLCESCU from Romania.
The next speaker will be Mr. SYLLOURIS from Cyprus.
Présidente, Camera Deputaților, Roumanie
16:46:00
Dear colleagues,
Combating racism and intolerance, as well as promoting equality are core fundamental values of European society. Consistent efforts have been made to promote this and safeguard peace and security in Europe, but we don't have to forget that we are currently facing challenges caused by the increasing rise of populism, extremist rhetoric and hate speech online and offline. This generates intolerance, racism, xenophobia and undermines the foundation of European democratic societies. During our EU Council presidency, we have put emphasis on combating racism, intolerance and xenophobia, populism, anti-Semitism and hate speech, as the fourth pillar of our priorities was dedicated to the Europe of common values.
Artificial intelligence is increasingly influencing the information and work environment worldwide. It may enable broader and quicker sharing of information and ideas globally, representing a tremendous opportunity for freedom of expression and the access to information. At the same time, the opacity of artificial intelligence also risks interfering with individual self-determination, autonomy and agency and, in the end, this creates the ground for hate speech online. Moreover, artificial intelligence is also being used to undermine democratic elections or allow authoritarian governments to limit freedom of speech, leading to a shrinking space for the Civil Society or boost cyber hate speech. A significant global challenge confronts those seeking to promote and protect human rights and the rule of law.
How can states, companies and civil society ensure that artificial intelligence, technologies, reinforce and respect rather than undermine human rights? One of the answers to tackle discrimination and racism is to use artificial intelligence to detect online hate speech. This is an area where algorithms come into place and where experts from major IT companies can work together. Of course, we are aware of the difficulty to imagine all the algorithms to suppress hate speech, to surface internet and social media platforms. We just need to look at the amount of languages that exist in the world and how, with one letter, or one number, a troll can shift the writing of discriminatory word and it's not sanctioned by an algorithm.
The use of artificial intelligence in combating cyber hate speech raises the question of regulations, norms and standards. We live in a time when democracy and human rights, including fundamental freedoms of expression or assembly information, enjoy wide recognition. The modern world provides us with challenges that remind us of this continuously. Disinformation reduces the trust In institutions and the media in general, disinformation leads to a lack of civil cohesion, disinformation has been a subject of intense debate at European level for a number of years now and for good reasons, because it has proven successful in replacing the truth repeatedly, creating malign effects on our society, but most importantly on the cornerstone of any democracy: the electoral system.
There can be no freedom, no democracy and no security in a world dominated by disinformation and generalized mistrust. All aspects of the life of our citizens and, of course, the working of Institutions, the cohesion of entire societies, the political establishment, rules, laws, among many other things can be negatively influenced by disinformation and the absence of of truth. As such, those who cherish democracy, truth and international security, not only inside national institutions, but also in the civil society, media, feel compelled to take a stand against it. In this context, more than ever before, the role of the media in safeguarding our democratic way of life is of paramount importance.
I thank you very much.
Présidente de l'Assemblée Parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
16:51:09
Thank you.
I call Mr SYLLOURIS from Cyprus.
The next speaker will be Mr VALERI from Monaco.
Président, House of Representatives, Chypre
16:51:23
Madame president, dear colleagues,
I would like to express my pleasure for being here today among you all at this important conference, which gives us the opportunity to discuss and exchange views on vital issues that concern our citizens and related to European and world affairs.
This year marks the 70th anniversary of the Council of Europe, a pan-European organisation that since it's very establishment following the horror and destruction of the Second World War, has acted as a beacon for reconciliation in Europe and the protection and promotion of human rights, democracy and rule of law. Values and principles, however, that are not always adhered to as intended by its founding members. Despite obstacles and shortcomings that have harmed the integrity of the organisation, the Council of Europe can certainly look back at this 70 years course with pride.
It has achieved a huge amount of ground-breaking work and has pursued efforts that brought possible change. Individual and collective rights have always been at the core of the action and aspirations. All different, all equal, that was the theme of the Council of Europe campaign to mark the 50th anniversary of the organisation. After more than two decades, this slogan is still so very timely. At the same time, however, we need to plan ahead and work proactively for the sustainability of our common European home for 70 years. Feeling satisfied and proud of achievements in milestones so far gives us the courage and the stamina to push ourselves for more.
Dear colleagues, in November 1989 the fall of Berlin Wall brought hope and inspiration to all Europeans, thought to be marking the beginning of the end of dividing lines in Europe. Unfortunately, this was not the case for my country Cyprus, part of which is still under the Turkish military occupation. After more than four and a half decades since the Turkish invasion, the human rights and fundamental freedoms for my compatriots are still harshly violated. We cannot turn a blind eye to such gross violation. One of the oldest Council of Europe member States and member of the European Union, Cyprus, is still divided by force, with refugees and enclaved persons.
Turkey is also violating, at this very moment, the right of the Republic of Cyprus to utilise its exclusive economic zone. This organisation can and must stand up against such injustice. I will agree at this point with the president of the parliament of Turkey that it is impossible to accept approaches which give us the right to intervene in – and, as he said – an imperialistic way in the eastern Mediterranean, I think it is about trying to hear what he is saying. That is no excuse for intervention on other countries' affairs and military involved in innovations he said. I will agree on that as well. But here is a huge gap between words and actions. Compatibility is very important and therefore our words and declarations have to conform with our actions. Although we are realistic about the drawbacks, different views, opinions and ideas we may face on our way forward, as it as is usually the case with the large families, we must never get tired of trying our very best for our people. We must stay focused with their best interest at heart. Let us keep working together.
Thank you very much.
Présidente de l'Assemblée Parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
16:56:59
I give the floor to Mr VALERI.
The next speaker will be Mr ŽIDAN from Slovenia.
Président, Conseil National, Monaco
16:57:07
Ladies and Gentlemen, Presidents and Vice-Presidents,
Dear colleagues,
Ladies and gentlemen,
On behalf of the National Council of Monaco and on my own behalf, I would like to thank President Liliane MAURY PASQUIER warmly for organising this conference, which brings us all here together as Speakers of Parliaments of the Council of Europe Member States.
The theme today is ambitious: to look back on the 70 years spent in this common house, and to look forward to the next 70 years. Our Monegasque response will be that of a recent member, a small country in a large house, with its history and centuries-old stability, probably unique on this continent.
It was indeed a little more than twenty years ago, under the reign of Prince Rainier III, that the Principality of Monaco submitted its application for membership of the Council of Europe. Six years later, in 2004, Monaco became the 46th Member State of this Organization in the service of peace, human rights and democracy.
I would like to recall the words of His Serene Highness, Prince Albert II, at the time of this accession: “By becoming, as I wanted, the 46th Member State of the Council of Europe, the Principality of Monaco has thus joined its natural family. It will work within it in the continuity of its past actions to contribute to the promotion of the message of peace, humanism, respect for others and progress delivered by the Council of Europe.“
On that occasion, I had the great honour – in my capacity as President of the National Council and member of the Monegasque delegation – to attend this historic moment for the Principality. I remember it with emotion, of course. Since then, cooperation between Monaco and the Council of Europe has continued to grow and it is in the defence of common values and through inter-European dialogue that Monaco has continued to strengthen these links, including the signature and ratification of no fewer than 53 conventions.
After our accession in 2005, at the World Conference of Speakers of Parliament, I proposed to my counterparts in the Parliaments of the small States of Europe that we meet each year to discuss topics of common interest. This idea came naturally at the time of Monaco's accession to the Council of Europe: it had become clear that our small countries needed to maintain, through their democratic representatives, regular exchanges and sharing of experience, in order to exist in a coordinated and united manner on the international scene and within an Organisation whose size leaves little room for manoeuvre to our smaller states.
It was a success: the dense and fruitful exchanges that we wove during this first meeting allowed us to affirm our respective specificities, which remain today, in an indisputable way, our strength and our richness. I am delighted that these conferences, which for almost thirteen years have brought together nine small States with populations of less than one million, are continuing: Andorra, Cyprus, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, San Marino and Liechtenstein.
They allow us all to speak with one voice on certain issues in different European and international bodies. This shared action actively participates in the construction of our common home. Small States are an essential element of diversity in the international community.
The Council of Europe's activities have an important geopolitical dimension: both ambassadors sitting on the Committee of Ministers – whose exchanges are permanent – and the Parliamentary Assembly – through parliamentary diplomacy and through the discussions that parliamentarians have informally held between them – contribute to them. In fact, parliamentarians never stop talking to each other, continuing conversations where diplomacy sometimes stops. These links are very valuable for democracy and human rights.
In this respect, I must highlight the strong involvement of the members of our delegation in the work of this Parliamentary Assembly, both in plenary session and in the various committees. In addition, I would like to recall that the Principality of Monaco, with more than seven centuries of history, has affirmed its place in the camp of nations. Monaco's international relations have always been developed at the instigation of its Princes.
In the concert of nations, Monaco is the voice of a State whose influence is not proportional to its size but reflects the constancy of its values and its concern to respect a principle of active neutrality in the fields of peace, human rights, in particular women's and children's rights, sustainable development and environmental protection.
I will conclude by reiterating the National Council's desire to continue these valuable exchanges for our assemblies, by building the future by developing our sense of belonging to a common foundation based on our democratic values and expertise.
No one can claim to hold the absolute truth, the richness of the debates which, naturally, allow the expression of contradictory positions in a democracy, must be understood solely in the objectives shared by all: the general interest of the country and the well-being of our fellow citizens.
Thank you very much.
Thank you, Mr President.
I will now call the Speaker of the Parliament of Slovenia.
And call the Speaker of the First Chamber of the Netherlands, Mr BRUIJN.
Mr President, you have the floor.
Madame President,
Colleagues,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
First of all, I would like to take this opportunity to congratulate the presidency for a job well done and for its significant contribution to the strengthening of the parliamentary dimension of the Council of Europe. The Council of Europe is an exceptional product of cooperation between nations that are able to overcome their differences in order to provide peace and prosperity. It turned a continent that used to be marked by wars into a space of progress and development.
Since its establishment seven decades ago, the Council of Europe has been the very foundation of the freedom of people to live in a secure and healthy environment, guaranteeing freedom of thought and expression, action and creation. Our common path, which has always been carefully planned, turned out to be the right one. It is not only worthwhile to stay on our course, but we should even further enhance our efforts. The purpose of our meeting here today is to seek -- in a sincere dialogue -- solutions to challenges of unthinkable proportions faced by our generations, namely the new environmental and climate reality, the changed political and security relations and the outstanding technological and developmental progress.
I am convinced that this pan-European granter of the rule of law, human rights and democracy can provide us with answers to the dilemmas at this crucial point in time. This, however, can only be accomplished on the basis of formal and actual equality of countries and the work of everybody for the common good. It also requires our unconditional support for the work of the European Court of Human Rights, and for awareness-raising about its significance, as well as support for active implementation of reform measures adopted by the Court. We should above all, do our utmost to prevent restricting access to the judicial protection by the European Court of Human Rights.
Commitment to multilateral mechanisms stands from our strong belief in the principle of sovereign equality of countries and from the progressive evolution of international law. Despite the ever-changing reality, when the values of rules-based multilateral world order are being transformed, we remain fully committed to these mechanisms. None of us will benefit from only pursuing our short-term interests or the interests of our countries.
I especially strongly condemn any extraordinary circumstances -- be it for security, political, migration or environmental reasons -- that lead to violations of Human Rights and human dignity, weaken international law or the mechanisms of collective security. The surge of nationalisms and extremisms has now given rise to aggressions also on European soil, undermining the dignity of the entire community. We should wake up and act, as it challenges the democratic culture of the entire European space. We want a Europe worthy of the foundations on which it was built. We want a Europe that is a secure and a good home for all the people. The central role of parliaments has always been their accountability and service to citizens, mutual respect for joint commitments and the discharge of obligations in good faith.
This is also something that our people, who are calling for more open and transparent work of parliaments, rightfully expect from us. I believe, that we parliamentarians have the political vision and the necessary tools to tackle the true nature of these challenges. Ladies and Gentlemen, I look forward to our debate and thank you for your attention.
I wish you all the best.
Mr President, I will now call the Speaker of the First Chamber of the Netherlands, Mr BRUIJN.
And I call on Mr FLAHAUT, Deputy Speaker of the Belgian House of Representatives, to prepare for his intervention.
Président, Eerste Kamer, Pays-Bas
17:07:39
Distinguished President, Dear colleagues,
It is a great honor for me to represent the Senate of the Netherlands in this European Conference of Presidents of Parliament of the Council of Europe. In July of this year I was elected the new president of our Senate. This is one of my first inter-parliamentary conferences in that capacity and I relish this opportunity to meet with you all, my colleagues, and I look forward to the chance to get to know you better over the course of these two days.
The Council of Europe is a remarkable organization: remarkable in its ambitions, remarkable in its achievements. This year we celebrate the 70th anniversary of this Pan-European ambition to unite our countries on the principles of the rule of law, human rights and genuine democracy. The Council of Europe was founded in 1949 and I'm proud to note that the first initiatives in this direction took place on the premises of my own Parliament a year before. In May 1948, 750 delegates from around Europe, as well as observers from Canada and the United States met the whole night in The Hague, in the so-called Congress of Europe, as it was then called. It brought together important political figures such as Winston CHURCHILL, Konrad ADENAUER, Francois MITTERRAND and Altiero SPINELLI. They discussed, among other things, the creation of a European assembly realized a year later with the foundation of the Council of Europe. Sir Winston CHURCHILL, when describing his idea of European unity and cooperation, spoke of, and I quote, "a dynamic expression of democratic faith based upon moral conceptions and inspired by a sense of mission". In the center of our movement stands the idea of a Charter of Human Rights guarded by freedom and sustained by law."
That is the foundation of our common European home as laid by the generations before us. Over 70 years a unique, multilateral organization has been built that commits 47 Member States to over 220 conventions. It has played its role in a lot of occasions during European history to take a course that was unimaginable in the immediate post-war years. It has given direction to the development of many individual countries. It has weathered through many a crisis in international relations. It is a solid construction, but our common European home, impressive as it is, needs constant maintenance and repairs like every house: if we neglected it, it first starts to leak and then falls apart. There are many and very diverse challenges to the Council of Europe, like corruption, populism, fake news, climate change or terrorism, to name a few. And let me be clear: all of them need to be taken seriously, but in my opinion no challenge to the Council of Europe stands out like the very rejection of multilateralism itself does.
Our predecessors who gathered for the Congress of Europe in The Hague in 1948 had come to the heart of the insight that multilateralism is the best means to avoid conflict and ensure democratic security for all citizens. That insight is no less valuable 70 years later. In this organization we see it happening when human rights issues are politicized and interests instrumentalized, when open debate on differences of opinion is replaced by power play or filibuster, when human rights commitments that Member States have voluntarily agreed to are ignored. We see it happening when frozen conflicts persist, with the result that people living in these areas are denied access to the fundamental human rights monitoring mechanisms that the Council of Europe provides. A diminished faith in multilateralism might be a symptom of a general questioning of crucial democratic processes, institutes and structures. Why work together if it seems easier to find a quick solution unilaterally? My answer is: because we need each other to make solutions last, to make them sustainable.
Colleagues, it is up to us, as parliamentarians and political leaders, to ensure that our common European home remains fit for purpose for the next generation. We have to use this organization to keep discussing the issues that divide us, with the goal of finding common ground in living up to our human rights commitments. Because, as the American President Abraham LINCOLN used to say, "a house divided against itself cannot stand". Let us make sure that all our citizens have equal access to human rights, democracy and rule of law in our common European home and beyond. Thank you.
Thank you, Mr President.
I now call on Mr André FLAHAUT, Deputy Speaker of the Belgian House of Representatives, and on the President of the Baltic Assembly, Mr Jānis VUCĀNS, to be prepared.
Vice-Président, Chambre des Représentants, Belgique
17:13:41
Dear colleagues,
There is no denying it: our Europe is now broken down, often inaudible and strategically unable to exist.
75 years after the end of the Second World War, 30 years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, Europe needs a new momentum, perhaps also new foundations. We must reinvent Europe and work to rebuild bonds of trust and respect between governments and citizens. As a result of a lack of food, these links have gradually weakened.
Institutions and leaders cannot continue to build Europe without worrying about the people's opinion; without listening to their fears and aspirations. European bureaucracy is increasingly disconnected from people's lives. Procedures are often unreadable, even by specialists. Leadership is not available. This distance works against the spirit of a united Europe. As I often say... when you have no more ideas or projects, you just do institutional work and forget the basics. For Europe, I see this and I regret it.
In concrete terms: the European project has lost the immediate evidence that the post-war ruins conferred on it in the eyes of all. We wrongly believe that peace and democracy are achieved. We neglect the efforts to preserve them. Yes, Europe is a project for the future: a project that brings hope, prosperity, peace and justice. This is why the "European common house" must be more than just a slogan.
It really deserves to be the responsibility of the citizens of Europe. The challenge is not to do administrative pedagogy. On the contrary, it is to generate enthusiasm and support to build the future together. Europe needs to reconcile with itself. It must develop in a coherent, open and fair dynamic in order to reduce fractures.
I am thinking in particular of the rupture between cities and the countryside. I also think of the temptations of withdrawal. In this respect, it is necessary to restore the lost trust, by working to strengthen Europe's role through education for responsible citizenship. This is where parliaments have a role to play, particularly by promoting meetings with all young people.
Moreover, the promotion of compulsory voting, the strengthening of parliamentary diplomacy, the amplification of the Erasmus experience and European voluntary work are avenues to be explored. Democracy is a struggle to be fought. Democracy is a place of meetings and debates. As democrats, we have a duty to reaffirm our commitment to the freedoms we have won and the rights we have fought for. They must support the foundations of a respectful, humane and supportive society.
The human is not an adjustment variable. This is the raison d´être of public action. This is the raison d'être of our "common European home". The decisions we take in Europe must respond in a concrete, rapid and sustainable way to the needs of our citizens. Health, education and culture cannot be left to market forces or the ease of privatization. Access for all to quality public services must be guaranteed. This is about reducing inequalities and collective well-being.
Living together in respect and diversity: this is the European challenge. As such, we must do everything to counter the rise of extremism and populism that threatens the future of Europe and that of democracy.
I have also been advocating – for a long time – for the construction of a genuine European Defence. This Europe of Defence – for which we need to establish a European academy and a military procurement agency – is not opposed to NATO. Its function is to complement the action and effectiveness of the Atlantic Alliance, but also to promote peace in a dynamic of collective utility.
Dear colleagues,
Let us rebuild Europe from the bottom up rather than from the top.
Thank you very much.
Thank you, Mr President.
I will now call the President of the Baltic Assembly and ask the Speaker of the Icelandic Parliament to prepare.
Mr President.
Honourable President,
Distinguished Speakers,
Excellencies,
Ladies and gentlemen,
It is an honour for me as the President of the Baltic Assembly to participate in this European Conference of Presidents of Parliaments.
The foundation of the Council of Europe 70 years ago was based on common values: human rights, democracy and rule of law. Each Member State that joined the Council of Europe has committed to these common values within its own country and in relations with other Member States. Therefore, all Member States of the Council of Europe have to supervise and respect these common values.
It is unfortunate to learn that in the very recent history of the Council of Europe and its Parliamentary Assembly there has been a serious deviation from our common values both by single countries and by the Council of Europe as a collective guardian.
Suspending and later uncritically restoring voting rights of Russia serves as a vivid example of the failure to safeguard our common values. With this step the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe has shown inconsistency in decision making, as well as powerlessness or unwillingness to protect human rights, democracy and rule of law.
Dear Colleagues,
This year, not only the Council of Europe marks a significant anniversary, but also the Baltic States. Baltic States and its parliamentary organisation – the Baltic Assembly – mark anniversaries of two crucial milestones as well.
80 years ago, on 23 August 1939, the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact was concluded. This Pact was a tragedy for the Baltic States. Also, for a half of century it negatively impacted the life of many nations. Borders of the European countries and peoples’ life were decided against those common values which now are at the heart of the Council of Europe.
This year, on the same date, 23 August, we celebrated the 30th anniversary of the Baltic Way when in 1989, two million of Baltic people joined their hands in a human wall of 600 km by uniting Tallinn, Riga and Vilnius. We showed by this action to the world community not only our desire to restore independence but also our determination to regain our sovereignty in approach of values of the Council of Europe by respecting democracy, parliamentarism, human rights and rule of law.
What are my main messages by these two examples on historical milestones?
Firstly, it is self-evident and only natural that countries or groups of countries may have disagreements mainly due to economic reasons or other interests. Baltic States are not the exception. It is important that these disagreements are being solved in a way of parliamentary democracy and respecting international law created by the Council of Europe. International law is created and collectively accepted so that Member States comply with them. Baltic States and our parliamentary organisation, the Baltic Assembly, in cooperation with the Nordic Council, Benelux Parliament, GUAM Parliamentary Assembly and other parliamentary organisations have always respected the core principles of the Council of Europe.
Secondly, in the first 70 years of the Council of Europe we have established and developed a framework of core values. This framework gives us a solid ground to live together in our common European home despite the differences and disagreements. Our differences also are explicit European values. I hope that in the next period of time jointly we will learn to live in accordance with the established and developed framework of core values not repeating mistakes like those that I already mentioned. To use an allegory, the fault is not in architects and builders of our common European home but in its managers. The situation here is similar to the one which was debated in the last session of the League of Nations in April 1946. At that meeting, French politician and diplomat Joseph PAUL-BONCOUR said, let me quote, “It was not the League which failed. It was not its principles which were found wanting. It was the nations which neglected it. It was the Governments which abandoned it.” I encourage all of us not to repeat the same mistakes of our past.
Thirdly, I wish that in the next 70 years and further we live as good neighbours in our common European home despite the size of flats, floor of the building or level of wellbeing. We have to avoid situations where due to short-term advantages we betray our common values.
Let me conclude by saying that the Baltic Assembly will continue to be an active participant in the processes of development of European home. Common European values are the cornerstone of the Baltic States and it is our duty to protect them.
Thank you very much.
Thank you, Mr President.
I now call on the Speaker of the Icelandic Parliament and ask the President of the Austrian Bundesrat to be prepared.
Président, Althingi, Islande
17:24:30
Mr President,
It's really a pleasure to return to the Parliamentary Assembly, now in my capacity as the Speaker of the Icelandic Parliament, and to this meeting room in which I spent considerable time as a member around a decade ago. I would like to thank Mr FERRAND and Ms GUSCETTI for their excellent presentation and other colleagues for their interesting contribution to the debate.
Now, most individuals reaching the age of 70 have either already retired or are considering or preparing their retirement. But the Council of Europe, although celebrating its 70th anniversary, must remain strong; it must remain young in spirit, vibrant and vigorous despite having reached this respectable age. The Council of Europe cannot retire. Europe needs the Council of Europe just as much now as it did 70 years ago.
Of course, we have had our ups and downs both in the council and more recently here in the Assembly, but it is all the same of vital importance to safeguard the credibility of this cornerstone of common values, of democracy, human rights and rule of law. In my mind, that's very much what Europe is about but, of course, it's not only up to the Council and the Assembly. Member States' parliaments must also uphold the basic values and principles. We have a saying in Icelandic, "Vinur er sá er til vamms segir", roughly meaning that friends should point out each other faults. Criticism can be a friendly gesture.
In another four years, we will be celebrating a very important milestone when we reach the 70-year anniversary of the European Charter of Human Rights. Of course, one can't help being worried about human rights in our great continent. We have seen examples of oppression of freedom of speech; journalists have been suppressed -- even killed -- and minorities are being attacked based on their religion, race, gender or sexual preferences. And politicians are not immune to violation of human rights. Their freedom to express views and values must be respected despite being different from our own, as long as the rhetoric does not imply or encourage hate speech -- another cause for concern in the current era of populism.
I must admit that the situation in Catalonia worries me, and I have raised my worries during the lengthy detention of the former President of the Catalan Parliament to my esteemed colleagues both in the Quarters and the Senate in Madrid. I believe that the Catalan situation deserves also the attention of this assembly. In fact, I have also raised my concerns regarding the Catalan situation with both the President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe and the President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. Again, in Icelandic, "Vinur er sá er til vamms segir". Parliaments, states and individuals face many common challenges today. Challenges that no one organisation, no one country -- not even one continent -- can solve on its own, but success for the future of humankind depends on common actions.
The main challenge, in my mind, facing humankind today is the escalating climatic change. We must act fast and we must act now. Coming from the Arctic, where the consequences of global warming are very obvious and where the temperature rise and the changes taking place are at least twice as fast as on the average on the globe, the urgency of the situation is very obvious, very apparent.
Togetherness is one of the great benefits of the Council of Europe and our Assembly. Despite differences -- sometimes serious -- this is the venue to come together, to share our views and to debate our differences. It is of vital importance that all the 47 member states share this mutual venue. Despite all of our different frameworks for cooperation within Europe, I for one welcome the fact that we don't have empty chairs anymore. We are together, united in diversity. We certainly have our differences, as we have heard today, but at the end of the day, I for one believe in the dialogue. I believe it's better that we are together in the same room to discuss our differences than to shout at each other from apart.
The Alþingi Parliament of Iceland will remain a committed Member to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe.
Thank you for your attention.
Thank you, Mr President.
I will give the floor to the President of the Austrian Bundesrat and I ask, for the last registered speaker, for the President of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova.
Dear Mr President,
Dear Colleagues,
No one would dispute that the Council of Europe has been a success story as a peace project as well as its institutions and conventions as a defender of human rights to this day. The 70th anniversary of the Council of Europe is, therefore, a reason to celebrate, a reason to pause, but also a suitable moment to look to the future.
We have long regarded peace on our continent as secure. But today, we know that it is a precious commodity that must be fought for anew every day. In this respect, I also welcome the return of the Russian delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly, just as I would very much like the Ukrainian delegation to participate actively in the work of the Assembly. Russia's return to the Assembly does not mean recognition of the annexation of Crimea, which is in violation of international law, nor does it approve of Russia's warlike activities in Eastern Ukraine.
The Parliamentary Assembly is, however, first and foremost a forum for the defence of human rights and the search for peaceful answers to the challenges posed by society. All members should be involved, especially if they are parties to a conflict.
Since its accession in 1956, the Republic of Austria has always attached great importance to making a significant contribution to the work of the Council of Europe. This can be seen from the fact that a relatively small State such as Austria has since provided three Secretaries-General, two Presidents of the Parliamentary Assembly and one male President as well as one female President to the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities.
The question that concerns us today is that of the future of our common Europe and that of the Council of Europe in the years and decades to come. The world as a whole faces a number of major challenges. Some of them affect us very much in Europe, some of them less.
Unfortunately, we also have our own conflicts and problems to deal with. I will focus on a few particularly important aspects. First of all, I would like to talk about the membership of the Council of Europe and the role of the European Court of Human Rights, but also about climate change, artificial intelligence and digitisation. These technical developments also affect federalism and subsidiarity. Artificial intelligence and digitisation, in particular, open up great opportunities for Europe's rural regions and are an essential aspect in promoting decentralisation.
The European Court of Human rights: This is a task for all of us to ensure that, in the coming decades, all citizens of the member States of the Council of Europe will continue to have unrestricted access to the Court, that it will be able to process the independent cases as best and as quickly as possible, and that the judgments handed down can then be implemented in the member States, even if these judgments, at first sight, displease some member States.
I would also like to mention how important it is for the EU to accede to the European Convention on Human Rights. We must ensure that there is a thorough and proper dialogue on this, and particularly with member States that violate the basic principles and values of the Council of Europe. Leaving the organisation is not a suitable solution for both sides. Negotiations on the new joint dispute settlement mechanism should be based on this idea. I would like to single out the Court as a particularly successful project but, of course, we must not forget the Council of Europe's 200 conventions and their often groundbreaking importance for Europe.
Allow me to comment briefly on climate change. As a result of a series of short-term political considerations and decisions, we have underestimated and even suppressed this issue for too long. In Austria, in the last election campaign, "climate" was one of the most decisive, if not the most decisive, issues. If we do not get this problem under control, then we will not only destroy our environment, but we will also aggravate -- with our eyes wide open -- the problem of climate refugees, which has unforeseeable consequences.
Another topic, of course, is digitisation and the upheavals caused by artificial intelligence. We are now all aware that these major upheavals represent a major political challenge for us, especially in view of the need to respect and ensure all fundamental and human rights. We need to create a robust legal framework to develop all the opportunities for the people in Europe. The Assembly is also already addressing the issues of artificial intelligence and democracy, and I am pleased that the Council of Europe has recognised the urgency of the issue.
Finally, I would like to address an issue that is particularly close to my heart as President of the Austrian Federal Council, and I recently held a parliamentary enquiry on this subject in the Parliament in Vienna; this is the issue of decentralisation. It is closely linked to the issue of federalism and subsidiarity. It is my firm conviction that the regions and municipalities of Europe can provide essential input for solving current challenges. I therefore call on all those who do work here in the Council of Europe to work on this issue. I wish the Council of Europe all the best for the next 70 years.
Thank you very much.
Thank you, Mr President.
I call on the last registered speaker, Madam Speaker of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova.
Présidente, Parlament, République de Moldova
17:36:58
Thank you very much, President, for giving me the floor.
Ladies and Gentlemen,
I must say I am honoured to be here at this European Conference of Presidents and Speakers of Parliament, in a year that coincides with the 70th anniversary of the establishment of the Council of Europe. Something that has brought a lot of transformation in many parts of Europe, including the country I represent, the Republic of Moldova. Looking back in time, our common European home was designed and based on the lessons and tragedies of history, with the view to preventing the repetition of past errors and also with a view to responding to new challenges for human rights, the rule of law and democracy. In the 1990s, the doors of the organisation were opened to new members, such as the Republic of Moldova. This offered new opportunities for us to be heard.
The resolutions and recommendations of the Council of Europe established new standards that were subsequently transposed into our national legislation. We are living in a period that involves new responsibilities and new challenges and reaffirms this commitment that we must have to achieve the real aims of the common European home.
Dear colleagues, in the 24 years since the Republic of Moldova acceded to the Council of Europe, we have been guided by this organisation in a way that ensured the impact of democratic transformations. And that is very visible with the reform and adjustment of our constitutional and standards-setting framework, and through to the creation of sustainable institutions that guarantee the rule of law.
The recent developments in the Republic of Moldova, over the last year, have proved that political dialogue is crucial and it has provided for openness and the establishment of a political majority that would insure compliance with the rule of law. Overcoming the political crisis with a peaceful transfer of power has given a new impetus to international cooperation and has allowed the Republic of Moldova firmly to adhere to balanced foreign policy.
In turn, this policy requires that we remain neutral and open to all international partners both from the west and from the east. In the process of overcoming the political crisis in our country, we have managed to unite forces that in the past have had somewhat different positions. But these political forces, in the name of a common purpose and with the massive support of the people of Moldova and all foreign partners, have found it possible to reduce contradictions and to reach compromise in order to transform the Republic of Moldova from a captured state to a free and sovereign state.
I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to express my gratitude to the Council of Europe, which has been -- and continues to be -- a constant and faithful partner of my country. Granting us its invaluable assistance in promoting good governance and a democratic culture. The 2017-2020 Plan of Action of the Council of Europe for the Republic of Moldova gives additional witness to this close cooperation.
The joint mechanism of the Council of Europe and the European Union provided through the Partnership for Good Governance is also extremely important for the Republic of Moldova. I am convinced that together we will succeed in achieving the expected impact in crucial areas. Distinguished participants in the conference, our common home is supported by the pillar of the European Convention and the European Court of Human Rights, which over its 60 years of existence has provided substantial and decisive case law for member States.
I would like to stress that one of the challenges threatening Europe’s peaceful journey resides in changes accompanied by conflicts that remain unsettled: the so-called "frozen conflicts" that are a factor of regional instability. There is no universal formula for the settlement of these conflicts so we must continue our efforts aimed at achieving a new comprehensive, peaceful and lasting settlement.
Our state is interested in the settlement of the Transnistrian conflict under the 5+2 format. With the Transnistrian region being identified as part of the Republic of Moldova, based on the principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity, with full guarantees for human rights and political, economic and social rights as well, of the population, as stipulated in the relevant OSCE documents.
In conclusion, I would like to mention that the Council of Europe and our countries have a whole past of history lessons that we need to take into consideration. And you must jointly assume responsibility and make a firm commitment to a dignified future and democratic transformation. Our citizens in our countries need a common European home in which peace and prosperity prevail.
Thank you very much for your attention.
Thank you, Madame President.
This intervention concludes our debate. I would like to thank President CAROBBIO GUSCETTI and President FERRAND for introducing the theme, as well as the many speakers who have enriched our common reflection on this fundamental issue for the assemblies we chair.
I propose that we now turn to the second theme of our conference, on the contribution of parliaments to the implementation of the United Nations Programme 2030 and its sustainable development objectives.
It is the President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, Ms Gabriela CUEVAS BARRÓN, who will do us the honour of introducing the debate. Thank you in advance.
No doubt, Madame President, that your contribution will enrich the reflection of our conference in the light of your experience in the Mexican Parliament over the past ten years and at the head of our Inter-Parliamentary Union over the past two years.
I give you the floor, Madame President.
Présidente de l’Union interparlementaire
17:44:04
Thank you very much.
Allow me to speak in my own language, which is Spanish.
President, Secretary General, Presidents of Parliaments, Parliamentary colleagues,
It is an honour to be here today, taking part in this important meeting and addressing an issue that is absolutely crucial, not only to the Inter-Parliamentary Union but to humanity as a whole: namely, the UN's 2030 Agenda.
Back in 2015, our governments adopted this Development Agenda in the General Assembly of the United Nations and it is made up of goals and objectives. Now, this is the most ambitious project that humanity has ever undertaken. What we're trying to do is look at how we can create a truly inclusive planet, a world that truly leaves no one behind. We have ten years now to save the planet and five years ago this agenda seemed very difficult to achieve but now, five years later, we realise that it is an imperative. We need to roll up our sleeves and get down to work.
Now, we can talk a great deal about the commitments that we entered into by signing up to Agenda 2030 and yes, it is quite true, we have an important role to play in our law-making work, so we not only need to pass new laws, but make sure that we enforce existing laws, because in many of our countries, we have many laws, which continue to be discriminatory against women, against children, against immigrants, and this is in the 21st century. Our legal systems are not inclusive. Now, above and beyond our law-making functions, which you know, I think we do what it says on the tin, if you like, we are lawmakers, but we have to go beyond that.
Now, in my own country, a lot of us tend to say that truly you've got to look at the budget, because if your priority is not budgeted for, then your priority simply doesn't exist. And that is why it is absolutely crucial that the Sustainable Development Agenda be incorporated in the international budgets and we need to keep a watchful eye and make sure that it is.
We also need to ensure, in our parliaments, that we work with the government to implement this Agenda but at the same time we are able to call our governments to account. So what we do is walk hand in hand with one another, but we keep in the back of our minds our very important role in performing oversight. And we need to ensure that we have a space for cooperation as well as for calling the governments to account and demanding that they deliver; that is all part of implementing the 2030 Agenda.
Now, one of the biggest assets of our parliaments, and one of the biggest assets of parliamentary diplomacy -- unlike traditional diplomacy, where you hear just the voices of governments and the voices of majorities -- is the fact that parliaments are where both representatives of both majorities and minorities come together. So different political ways of thinking and different sections of the community can have their voices reflected because they then have to go home to make sure that international commitments are then transformed into local action.
What we have to do now is look at where the SDGs are being most effectively implemented. We have to join together in working to further all of the goals in Agenda 2030 because there are many challenges that we still face in Europe; 2, 4 and 14 are the SDGs that have to do with our responsibilities in terms of consumption, production with climate change, as well as caring for our oceans. But at the same time, there are other objectives, where we have very good indicators, for example, in fighting poverty. But there is no part of the world where those objectives are being truly achieved, and this is where parliamentarians come in.
And this leads me onto a second thought that I would like to share with you and that is that we need a more equal and inclusive planet, precisely because that is the best way of nurturing and nourishing our democracies.
Now, much is done in the way of getting our parliaments and democracies to listen more to citizens. Societies are undergoing rapid change and if we do not change our models of governance, if we do not make sure that parliaments become spaces in which we genuinely listen to what people are clamouring for, then it's going to be extremely difficult for us to make the changes that we need for our planet.
These days, politicians -- and parliamentarians in particular -- bear particular responsibility and it may be that people think that democracy and human rights can be taken for granted, that they've been achieved once and for all. But, here, in the 21st century, the fact of the matter is that democracy and human rights have not been 100 percent achieved in all countries and in all regions.
There are many countries that believe that we can continue to forge ahead with the same strategies of the past century. We've got discrimination, we've got nationalism, we've got political and racist nationalisms, and we are now starting to see -- as the United Nations next year will be celebrating important anniversaries -- just how important multilateralism still is.
But we have to try and offer new content to our multilateralism. We need to look at the local level, look at the quality of representatives at a time in which we need to explain what multilateralism is to people back home. But, as parliamentarians, there is still a great deal that we can do and there in the Inter-Parliamentary Union, we have worked very hard, first of all, to generate awareness of the need for this Agenda and, secondly, to make sure that people have the information they need to implement it at national level.
So let me stress this point: you can't simply talk about the planet without thinking about how you implement these goals on the ground. So we carried out a survey in the Inter-Parliamentary Union asking national parliaments how they were participating in their countries' voluntary projects. And, out of all the countries we asked, we only got about 89 replies. Forty-seven parliaments were taking part along with their countries in the process of revising the implementation of the SDGs, but there were only 16 of the 47 who were taking part in any significant degree. And this means, therefore, that generally speaking, parliaments are simply not involved in the Sustainable Development Agenda. How can we change that? How can we make sure that parliaments are the ones to strike, not only international but also local agreements?
We have a saying whereby this Agenda really needs to be in the hearts of people. So above and beyond are budgets and our parliamentary systems, and above and beyond our oversight, it is important that we talk about the Agenda in our parliaments. It is not something that can be left solely to the executive, and I continue to stress the point that if we continue to see discrimination and inequality then nothing -- nothing -- is going to change in any of our countries.
I would like to highlight the importance of the fact that we are representatives because parliaments, after all, are a forum in which we represent people. We love to say that parliaments can act as a forum for all voices, but there are many people that we are leaving behind, in reality. In fact, we are leaving most of the planet behind.
First of all, you've got people under the age of 30, who make up more than half of our global population. But, if you were to extrapolate from that figure and you were to have the proportion of those young people in our parliaments and you were to contrast that with the two percent that they account for right now. So you can see that our parliaments are not properly representing all of our populations, and the same is true for the 50 percent that our gender accounts for.
So it's not good for women, it's not good for young people. And that is why, when we, in our region, look to Europe, then we see that 29.3 percent of parliamentarians are women, and 3.9 percent are young people under the age of 30. So we look at those figures in Europe, but if you look at the global average, then you realise that there are only ten countries, anywhere in the world, that actually have gender parity.
Let me remind you that our planet is made up of two genders. We do have parity on the planet, so that is why we have to look at quotas for women as well as quotas for young people, because this is the reality and we have to change our systems and we have to make sure that more women can get into parliament. We also have to change the law, because two out of three countries do not even allow young people under the age of 30 to stand for parliament in the first place. They are allowed to vote and they are allowed to get married, but there are all kinds of important decisions in their lives that they are excluded from. That is why we need better representation for young people in our parliaments.
Finally, the Sustainable Development Agenda has to be a place of unity, where all voices come together calling on governments. We're talking about representation across the board so that we can drive forward the Sustainable Development Agenda. Now, when we're talking about multilateralism, I think that we would all wish to defend it as it is undergoing a crisis and its institutions, such as this one, which brings so many people around the same table, is the prime place so as to do so.
Multilateralism has made significant achievements and we have, of course, had to overcome the devastation of both the First and the Second World Wars, but despite those achievements, we are seeing these days, a lot of backsliding and we are hearing many political leaders trying to do away with multilateralism. However, Europe has done very well in the past in terms of implementing the Sustainable Development Agenda, and so, yes, you are doing okay when it comes to representation of women and young people, and it's important to recognise that although you're on the right path, you must not allow any backsliding.
That is why it is absolutely crucial that we do push forward cooperation policies because when you look at the global situation and implementation of the Sustainable Development Agenda overall -- and Europe can sometimes be seen as an isolated unit that tends to notch up better indicators than other regions of the world -- but Ladies and Gentlemen, we need to work together as parliamentarians to make sure that these very good results can be replicated on other latitudes and that is why I hope, on the basis of such interesting discussions amongst parliamentarians, we can continue to work together in a coordinated way, with the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe and with real resolve and determination.
And I am only the second woman to have presided over the Inter-Parliamentary Union in 30 years and that is why it is so important that we join together in trying to eliminate sexual harassment of women in our parliaments. Parliaments are, of course, the home of democracy, and we must put an end to all forms of discrimination and violence against women wherever that might be, once and for all.
Thank you very much.
Thank you, Madame President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, for your interesting presentation.
I will now open the general debate, each speaker has five minutes' speaking time and I ask everyone to respect it.
I will now call on the Vice-President of the Baltic Sea Parliamentary Conference to the gallery and ask the President of the General Council of Andorra to be prepared.
Vice-Président, Baltic Sea Parliamentary Conference
18:00:03
Dear Madame President,
Dear Colleagues,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
The 2030 Agenda of the United Nations is of concern to all of us. It has become the central topic at the national level in many countries. Achieving it means securing our future for generations to come. That is why we, as parliamentarians and representatives of the people, must keep focusing on these issues -- both individually and in our parliamentary organisations.
Regarding the SDGs, or the Sustainable Development Goals on Climate Action, we must urge our governments to act; to do more and to do it quickly. The future of our children and grandchildren is at stake. And we have all seen how the young generations are losing patience.
As parliamentarians, we have a responsibility to listen and to contribute to the achievement of the SDGs by 2030. Many countries have taken far-reaching measures over a long time to meet the objectives. Parliamentary cooperation could here play a decisive role. By cooperating, we will achieve a much larger impact and we will have a far better chance of success.
We, as parliamentarians, are responsible for the future development in our countries. Agenda 2030 was the main topic for the Baltic Sea Parliamentary Conference, both in 2018 and this year. A special focus has been on removing plastic waste and to restore the oceans. In August of this year, the Norwegian Parliament hosted the annual BSPC-meeting in Oslo. The BSPC is the Baltic Sea Parliamentary Conference.
The city of Oslo has made a considerable effort to become more environmentally friendly over the past years. It has conserved its natural areas, cleaned up the Oslo Fjord and restored the city’s waterways. This was one of the reasons why Oslo proudly won the European Green Capital Award for 2019.
The environmental aspects of the Baltic Sea was a hot topic in the BSPC. Industrial waste and fertiliser from farming have made the sea more polluted. In our resolutions, we urge our governments to take action and achieve the objectives of Agenda 2030 as soon as possible. Appropriate strategies and measures must be pursued.
On the executive side, the Council of the Baltic Sea States is making progress in this direction. We are also promoting, supporting and involving initiatives among young people to achieve the SDGs. An example is the activities done by the international network under the name "Regeneration 2030".
The BSPC has also taken new steps in interparliamentary cooperation when discussing the health of our seas with our colleagues from the Black Sea region. Together we can move forward through mutual cooperation and exchange of best practices between all countries. We believe that parliamentary cooperation plays a key role in achieving the SDGs.
Therefore, let’s continue to work together on this in the future. Only then will the next generation pay tribute to what we have done.
Ladies and Gentlemen, let's get to work. Let's get involved. Let's develop ideas and visions to help both the people who elected us and future generations to live in a peaceful and sustainable world.
Thank you.
Présidente de l'Assemblée parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
18:04:55
Thank you.
The next speaker is Mrs SUÑÉ PASCUET,you have the floor, from Andorra.
And the next speaker is Mr. EL MALKI from Morocco.
Présidente, Consell General, Andorre
18:05:18
Madame President,
Ladies and gentlemen,
Sustainable development is central to all levels of political decision-making around us, either locally or internationally. For this reason, we consider that the topic chosen for this session corresponds to the interests of people all over the world and we hope that the joint reflection we will bring will contribute to strengthening its application.
As we already know, international organizations are continually trying to produce a diversity of global instruments aimed at ensuring sustainable development in its three dimensions, economic, social and environmental. Most of these documents and guidelines are not binding. Each country decides how and by what means it will achieve the goals at the national level, even if it is generally accepted that countries contribute voluntarily to them, in order to advance the prosperity of the world's inhabitants.
The last of these instruments were developed after the adoption of Agenda 2030 and the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDOs) at the 70th United Nations General Assembly. These ODDs are regularly updated so that their achievement is effective and the achievement of results is more visible.
At the heart of these 17 Goals is the thesis that the eradication of poverty and inequality, the creation of inclusive economic growth and the preservation of the planet are totally linked. Therefore, as States, we must strive to build intersectoral partnerships in order to foster exchange on important issues in society and, in particular, on sensitive issues such as respect for human rights, education and the environment.
We are trying to translate these Global Goals into local solutions. As a result, the Government of the Principality of Andorra presented a first national report on the MDGs, specifically those related to the environment and education, to the Forum on Sustainable Development in New York in 2018.
As recommended in Resolution 2272, adopted by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe last April, its implementation is primarily the responsibility of the government. However, we parliamentarians – holders of legislative power and representatives of the people – play an essential role in controlling and monitoring the implementation of these MDGs, on the one hand, and in disseminating and raising awareness among citizens, on the other.
The General Council, which I have the honour to represent, is familiar with Agenda 2030 and the Sustainable Development Goals. Next year, Andorra will organize the 26th Ibero-American Summit of Heads of State and Government on the theme of innovation for sustainable development and the 2030 Goals.
To this end, a meeting of parliamentarians from the 22 Member States of the Organisation will be held to prepare a text that reflects the parliamentary initiatives that support the proposal. In addition, the parliamentary groups that make up the majority of the Chamber have worked – together with the young representatives of the "Fridays For Future" movement – on a motion for a Resolution for the recognition of the climate crisis, and a declaration of the state of emergency on climate and ecology was tabled last Friday, to start the legislative process. Finally, the General Council will be part of working groups that must define the actions related to national sustainable development objectives that we must include in each of the laws we can promote.
These objectives are: to maintain quality education by promoting democratic citizenship and human rights; to consolidate social well-being in an inclusive and resilient society; to ensure the preservation of the planet for future generations in a society linked to nature; to promote the openness and diversification of a sustainable economy; and to preserve the rule of law in a safe and peaceful society.
Ladies and gentlemen, recalling the motto of the European Union, "In varietate concordia" ("Unity in diversity") but also that of Andorra, "Virtus unita fortior" ("The united virtue is stronger"), I believe in a future where humanity can be united in all its diversity and will work collectively for peace and prosperity. A world that will foster peaceful, inclusive and just societies. A world based on sustainable prosperity, built in harmony with nature. A world that we must protect so that future generations can enjoy it in all its splendour.
Thank you for your attention.
Présidente de l'Assemblée parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
18:10:49
Thank you, Madam President.
I am informed that Mr EL MALKI is absent.
I give the floor to Mrs BATET for Spain.
The next speaker will be Mr JANDROKOVIĆ from Croatia.
Présidente, Congreso de los Diputados, Espagne
18:11:07
Very good afternoon to all of you,
Thank you very much, President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe,
Distinguished presidents,
Ladies and gentlemen,
It is an honour to be taking part in this gathering and to share some thoughts with you about Agenda 2030 and attaining Sustainable Development Goals.
It won’t be possible to achieve Agenda 2030 without having the necessary foundations and minimum guaranties, which are the principles of the rule of law and legality. SDG’s also mean that there will be a guarantee of public security, as well as coexistence between different groups in our societies. In Spain, we have a fully democratic state governed by the rule of law with a Constitution, which enshrines a separation of powers, and makes sure that all our public authorities comply with the law, respect human rights, and all of this is overseen by the ordinary courts and the Constitutional Court.
The upshot of all of this is that there is no risk to the validity of Human Rights in Spain, quite the opposite; we are more committed to them than ever before. Nor is that the case in Catalonia. I am from Barcelona and I can affirm that today unhesitatingly. Now, there are two problems in Catalonia right now, but they should not get confused with one another. First of all, there is a political conflict that dates back a long way, in which there are those who, in our society, aspire to have an independent state and they are represented in the Parliament as well as in the Senate. Now, they represent somewhat under half of all Catalans and that accounts for the turnout of peaceful demonstrations that have been organized in recent days. I can assure you that the government is prepared to tackle this conflict through dialogue within the Constitutional framework.
But we have a problem with public order and we have had some unacceptable and intolerable outbreaks of violence, and we have to use what we have as a state governed by the rule of law to face this problem and defend the rights and freedoms of all citizens. The violence is being perpetrated by a minority of demonstrators, and we as the State have to defend rights and freedoms of all citizens, so society in Catalonia as a whole. And our security forces depend on different parts of administration, and we have seen this. We have seen the Mossos d'Esquadra, which is the Catalan security force, joining with the national security forces to restore order.
So, like other countries, we too are faced with the paradox of a world that is increasingly interconnected, but in which we have seen an upsurge in nationalist and populist stile movements who are calling for a return to individualism and identitarian retreat. And that is why, ladies and gentlemen, information is so important. Now, SDG 16 emphasises the importance of democratic institutions. And it is important that our institutions take precedence over action in the streets, contrary to what populism is claiming, that we cannot allow. We have the High Commissioner for the 2030 Agenda, as well as the creation of a Council for Sustainable Development, there are laws against climate change and for the energy transition, as well as strategic plans to fight against poverty, inequality and the demographic challenges.
But none of this will be effective if our authorities are not accountable, and the lack of debate, of precise data and of awareness raising means that the most vulnerable of our societies become invisible. And this is where parliaments have an absolutely crucial role to play.
We have agreed to dedicate a parliamentary body for debating and monitoring the Agenda, we have a joint committee of the Congress and the Senate, which coordinates and monitors the Spanish strategy to achieve the SDG’s. This committee will not only host parliamentary debates and exchanges with the government, it will also organise debate forums with international authorities, other external agents to our chambers, in particular organizations of civil society. Our joint committee held a joint session with the Deputy Secretary General of the United Nations, who was paying a visit to Madrid in February and we came up with a number of agreements, which have so far taken the form of a 10 million euro contribution to the United Nation’s joint Fund for the SDG’s. I think this comes to show just how committed the Spanish government, as indeed it has expressed its commitment in the UN General Assembly on the 25th of September. In other words, our commitment is unwavering; we have made many advances but a great deal remains to be done. We have a decade of action and the results we achieve only depend on our will. We have to move ahead together.
Again, our determination is key, and I am grateful to the Council of Europe for including this very important matter to our agenda today.
Thank you very much.
Présidente de l'Assemblée parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
18:17:31
I give the floor to Mr JANDROKOVIĆ.
The next speaker is Mr GALLAGHER from Ireland.
Madame President of the Assembly, dear colleagues,
I am glad this topic was included in our exchange of today and that is for two reasons.
First, sustainable development and its goals have been our political commitment since 2000. We further strengthened that commitment with the UN 2030 agenda.
Second, human rights are the Council of Europe's core value, and the sustainable development goals seek to realize the human rights. Therefore it is our direct concern to all the Member States of the Council of Europe. In addition, given the fact that the agenda is not a legally binding document and that the implementation of said goals and targets has been slowed down, it is good that we parliamentarians have an opportunity to exchange views on how to accelerate the progress. In that way we could help revive the political momentum.
We all agree that the implementation of sustainable concepts is crucial for achieving balance between the economic, social and environmental requirements of the present-day globalized society facing a number of challenges, such as poverty, hunger, unemployment, migrations, climate change or security threats. We are also all aware that no country can address these challenges on its own. For that reason Croatia is determined to assume its share of responsibility. For us the dignity of every individual and the respect of the fundamental principle that no one anywhere in the world should be left behind are at the core.
On a national level, one of the first documents related to it was the Declaration on Environmental Protection of Croatia adopted by the Croatian Parliament in 1992, just five months after we had become an internationally recognized country. Today, the sustainable development strategy from 2009 is the key document, but currently we are in the process of drafting the new 2030 national development strategy. Expanding on the vision we have named "Croatia the way we want it", this strategy will integrate priorities and contribute to the sustainable development and the demographic renewal of Croatia in the next decade. During the drafting process numerous communication activities have been organized and different groups of stakeholders are involved, from the public sector, parliamentarians, civil society, academia and the private sector, to children and young people.
Also, Croatia presented in July this year its first voluntary National Review on the implementation of the agenda. Let me mention that as the SDG index ranks Croatia 22nd out of 162 countries, which gives us a good chance of becoming one of the leaders in the transition to sustainability.
In closing I would like to emphasize that we are finalizing the intense preparations for the Presidency of the European Union in the first half of next year, when we will continue to work on promotion of the agenda within the European Union, the United Nations, the Council of Europe and in other multilateral fora.
Thank you.
Présidente de l'Assemblée parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
18:21:13
Thank you.
Mr GALLAGHER, you have the floor.
I ask Mr FLAHAUT, from Belgium, to prepare himself.
Vice-Président, Dáil Éireann, Irlande
18:21:26
Madame President, Secretary General, fellow Speakers, Colleagues and Friends,
It is an honour and a pleasure for me to address this Assembly again this evening on a topic that is at the heart of discussions all around the world, and I'm particularly delighted of course to be here in 2019, the year that is the 70th anniversary of the Council of Europe. I'm proud of the role that my country, along with Kenya, played in facilitating the adoption of these Global Goals by all 193 member States of the United Nations-- having done that in 2015 -- and that we continue to play a leading role in the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals.
Ireland is working to ensure that our International Development Assistance Programme supports the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals in developing countries. Ireland's new policy on international development, which was published this year, builds on our strengths as a donor and partner. It is at the heart of our contribution to a more equal, peaceful and sustainable world. The emphasis of the new policy is to update our traditional focus on the poorest of the poor, and on the pledge of the SDGs to reach the furthest behind first. In Ireland, a whole government approach has been taken to the Sustainable Development Goal implementation, with the Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment as its lead department.
The department launched our SDG National Implementation Plan 2018-2020, we did that in April of last year. This plan provides a framework of how Ireland will implement the SDGs and will support and promote policies and initiatives, across government, which contribute towards meeting the SDGs at home and abroad. It identifies opportunities for enhancing policy coherence as well as for raising public awareness of the engagement by all in the Sustainable Development Goals.
Ireland presented its Sustainable Development Goals Voluntary National Review in July of last year, at the annual UN High-level Political Forum. Ireland is committed, we're committed to working to ensure a strategic and coherent approach across government, to its development, cooperation and humanitarian assistance, as well as the continued strengthening of our representation and engagement in the European Union, the United Nations and other multilateral spaces.
Our new policy on international development is framed by the SDGs. We will ensure that this policy reinforces our joint commitment to the European consensus on development. Against the background of strain on the multilateral system, I'm aware of the challenges which the Council of Europe has faced recently. It has intended to invest in select United Nations organisations, and other multilateral partners, with a view of supporting affected multilateralism. In this context, the new policy demonstrates Ireland's commitment under a series of international policies, notably the 2030 Agenda for the SDGs. And taken together, these provide a comprehensive framework for international development cooperation, global policymaking and the implementation of development interventions.
Ireland will, in particular, continue to support small island developing states, which are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, through various means including through our support for the Least Developed Countries Fund and other climate finance instruments, contributions to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, specifically the least developed countries and gender support, climate justice partnerships and supporting inclusive innovation that stimulates more investment and long-lasting climate solutions.
To conclude, Madame President, the work of the Irish Parliament's Committee on Climate Action, the debates of the committee report, and the declaration of a climate emergency in May 2019 represent the most focused parliamentary work on the SDGs, as climate change is the biggest threat to their achievement. Sustainable Development Goals recognise that ending poverty and other deprivations, must go hand in hand with strategies that improve health and education, reduce inequality and spur economic growth -- all while tackling climate change and working to preserve our oceans and forests.
Thank you very much.
Présidente de l'Assemblée parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
18:26:56
I give the floor to Mr FLAHAUT.
The next speaker is Mr SYLLOURIS from Cyprus.
Vice-Président, Chambre des Représentants, Belgique
18:27:14
Madam President,
Dear colleagues,
17 objectives in favour of education, equality, health for all, social justice, the fight against hunger, environmental protection.
17 objectives to build a sustainable world.
17 objectives for shared prosperity and development.
17 objectives for peace.
These objectives encourage an approach of solidarity, sharing and respect. The aim is to respond to the challenges of the disoriented world we live in. In this increasingly connected world, identity withdrawal is increasing: this is a sad paradox. Indeed, as international trade intensifies, new walls are constantly emerging. These walls undermine the foundations of our collective existence.
The 17 objectives of the United Nations imply the implementation of a partnership approach based on mutual trust, the sharing of experiences and civic education. This is the logic I have been defending for years. Whether it is for North-South, South-North, North-North, North-North or triangular partnerships, solidarity must always be at the root.
The aim is to build social, economic, commercial, respectful and balanced links, in which local initiatives must always take precedence. People are the common thread of the partnership. Indeed, it is impossible to build prosperous societies without protecting the elderly, the most vulnerable, and without investing in the youngest.
Political decisions must always be tailored to the women and men who will have to live them.
Universal and free access to education, but also to health care and drinking water is a key issue. The dignity of individuals is at stake. This is crucial to their successful integration.
The place of women in the social space must be promoted and protected. Their role is crucial. Our fight, in Belgium, in Europe, for gender equality goes in this direction. This is the meaning of progress.
Helping people regain control of their future and be active citizens: this is the challenge. The development of each individual is the condition for the well-being of all.
Growth cannot ignore human rights or the fundamental values of justice and solidarity. Environmental sustainability, human dignity and the well-being of all must be placed at the heart of wealth creation.
Europe's economic and trade relations, particularly with the South, need to be thoroughly rethought. Very concretely: social and economic progress requires replacing the current free trade system with a model oriented towards "fair trade". Europe must try to forge links, not destroy them.
Belgium has started to align its sectoral policies with Agenda 2030. It is at all levels of power, at national, regional and community level. This alignment has already contributed to a major overhaul of Belgian international development policies. There is still work to be done. But the momentum is on.
In addition, I am pleased to see the renewed engagement of civil society organizations and private sector actors. Many actions have been implemented. They include health, gender equality, sustainable and inclusive economic growth, decent work and biodiversity. All this requires – of course – additional efforts to address specific issues.
The federal Parliament has a role to play: this role is crucial. A special "Climate" law should be on the agenda of our Parliament in this legislature. For this dossier to succeed, because it must succeed, we must act with balance, in dialogue and without haste. Our parliament is committed to contributing in an open and constructive way to the national strategy for sustainable development, in particular through regular hearings with representatives of civil society, the private sector and citizens. Parliamentary diplomacy is also a valuable tool and it is our responsibility.
Dear colleagues,
It is in this double track that the Federal Parliament is working for the success of Agenda 2030.
Thank you for your attention.
Présidente de l'Assemblée parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
18:32:12
Thank you.
I call Mr SYLLOURIS, and I ask Mr SPIRIĆ, from Bosnia and Herzegovina, to prepare.
Président, House of Representatives, Chypre
18:32:23
Dear Madame, remaining dear colleagues,
I will first like to extend my appreciation to the President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, Ms Gabriela Cuevas Barron, for her most useful presentation on the theme under discussion. One can say that the Agenda 2030, by integrating economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development, also reflects for the first time an ecumenical pursuit of objectives such as justice, security, peace and social inclusion. Objectives that are strongly interlinked with the core values of the Council of Europe and are therefore of direct relevance to all its Member States and National Parliaments represented in this Parliamentary Assembly.
Although undoubtedly such substantial progress has been achieved in reducing inequalities and lifting people out of poverty and social injustice, it becomes equally evident that economic growth by itself is not adequate to reduce poverty and inequalities, unless all three dimensions of sustainable development are here too. We therefore need to work on the application of global policies that will first and foremost focus on social disparities and more specially on the growing needs of disadvantaged and marginalized people. We need to examine ways and solutions and adopt sound policies towards eliminating any significant disparities that exist between countries, but also within them, to work on solutions that would encourage development assistance to areas in great need.
Dear colleagues, the scrutiny and accountability that Parliaments can introduce in this process can only be to the advantage and benefit of all stakeholders, although the SDGs are primarily a result of a process involving input from governments, civil society and private sector, National Parliaments certainly have a role to play and can substantially support this process as recalled by the United Nations. In this regard, it is each Parliament's responsibility to exercise its oversight power and also to be in position to reflect, monitor and observe the effects as regards achievements of the SDG's, and turn these goals into tangible and measurable national policies. Last but not least, let us not forget that sustainable development cannot be achieved without peace, stability, security, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, all based on the rule of law.
Thank you very much.
Présidente de l'Assemblée parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
18:36:19
Thank you.
The next speaker is Mr SPIRIĆ, and I would ask Mrs WILHELMSEN TRØEN to prepare herself.
Vice-Président, Dom Naroda, Bosnie-Herzégovine
18:36:33
Distinguished Madame PASQUIER,
Dear Colleagues,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
It is an honour to greet you on behalf of the Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia–Herzegovina and in my personal name, and to express my gratitude to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe for the organisation of the conference and the opportunity to address you.
Bosnia–Herzegovina is committed to the 2030 Agenda, which represents a comprehensive global and sustainable agreement for the development of all UN member states and the creation of a new global framework in which economic, social and environmental elements are integrated into a comprehensive development strategy.
Bosnia–Herzegovina is one of 190 UN member states committed to implementing the UN 2030 Agenda and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals. I would like to point out that for Bosnia–Herzegovina the 2030 Agenda is equally related to peace and to development. Bosnia–Herzegovina, with something more than 3.5 million inhabitants, is a country with a significant cultural diversity of three constituent peoples (Bosnians, Serbs and Croats) in which human rights are guaranteed also to all other peoples and citizens.
At the heart of Bosnia–Herzegovina's efforts to implement the 2030 Agenda is a development and the adoption of the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals in Bosnia–Herzegovina. The framework is being developed as part of an extensive and ongoing consultation process with institutions, civil society, organisations, academia, and citizens. Also, in mid-2019, Bosnia–Herzegovina presented a voluntary report on the implementation of the 2030 Agenda, highlighting examples of positive practices and partnerships in support of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
Furthermore, through the imagined 2030 initiative, citizens across the country have been given the opportunity to jointly create a future. The perspectives helped to shape Bosnia–Herzegovina's vision by 2030 and to develop the country's directions. The integrated analysis of challenges related to the sustainable development in Bosnia–Herzegovina starts with the fact that this is a post-conflict country with aspirations to become a Member of the European Union. The key development trends, opportunities, and obstacles have been identified and the four directions for the sustainable development of Bosnia–Herzegovina are presented, with governance and public sector management, smart growth investments in this new social contract, and human capital for the 21st century.
The four directions of development broadly indicate how sustainable development can be achieved in Bosnia–Herzegovina. The progress can be monitored through 45 adapted sub-objectives and 108 indicators. In addition to identifying these global indicators that are most relevant for Bosnia–Herzegovina, the initial 2015, mid-term 2023 and finally 2030 values for these indicators are proposed, which can be monitored on the basis of data available domestically and from international data sources. This will be of benefit in all strategic planning processes that the institutions of Bosnia–Herzegovina, Republika Srpska, Federation of Bosnia–Herzegovina, and Brčko District will start later this year.
Bosnia–Herzegovina wants to become a Member of the European Union. The EU accession process and the implementation of the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals are seen as complementary, mutually reinforcing processes. Both processes encourage the institutions and the citizens to strive for a better society in which no one will be neglected. At the centre of a better common future are people, prosperity, planet, peace and partnership.
I regret that we didn't do more and I think we could. That is why I would be grateful if we sent today a message that it is necessary -- after more than a year after the Parliamentary Elections were held in Bosnia–Herzegovina -- to form the Council of Ministers, the Government of the Federation of Bosnia–Herzegovina and the cantonal governments without any delay and conditions, because without that I am afraid that we will not respond in the best way to the obligations arising from the UN Agenda 2030.
In the end, I want to emphasise that we should all be honoured to be part of the 2030 Agenda and the global family committed to doing something today for future generations.
Thank you for your attention.
Présidente de l'Assemblée parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
18:41:43
Thank you.
I call Mrs WILHELMSEN TRØEN, and the next speaker will be Mr FRICK from Lichtenstein.
Présidente, Stortinget, Norvège
18:41:55
Madame president, thank you.
Dear colleagues,
Time is running out, we only have 11 years left to implement the ambitious UN Sustainable Development Goals. As a politician and a mother, I cannot think of a more important task than to shape a sustainable world for the coming generation. This is why I'm so pleased that the SDG's are on the agenda of this conference.
As MPs we play a vital role, we are responsible for making the laws, setting the budgets and scrutinizing the work of our governments. National parliaments are key to ensuring democratic legitimacy and government accountability. In the case of Norway I would say that the SDGs play a prominent role in policy making. In the government, within the parliament, at a local level and in Civil Society.
The government has appointed a responsible Ministry for each of the 17 SDGs. All Ministries report on how they have followed up these goals in their budget documents. The Ministry of Finance summarizes the main points in the budget, while the Ministry of Foreign Affairs coordinates the international follow-up. At a parliamentary level, the SDGs are present in our daily work through debates, proposals and questions to the government. A large number of MPS also take part in inter-parliamentary work. Here, they help to keep the SDGs high on the agenda of a wide range of different regional and international parliamentary assemblies.
Let me give you one example. SDG number 14, life below water, was one of the main items on the agenda of the Baltic Sea parliamentarian conference that the Norwegian Parliament hosted earlier this autumn. In the Nordic Council the five members, including Norway, have developed a separate strategy for the 2030 SDGs. This contains recommendations on how to follow the map and how to stimulate strong Nordic cooperation and coordination. That said, one thing I believe parliaments can do better, is to foster stronger national and local ownership of the SDGs, not least by encouraging and enabling as many people as possible in our countries to take part in the debates. This is where we, as MPs, can be a strong and positive force.
I was therefore deeply upset by the many comments made by state leaders, politicians and adults in general, following Greta Thunberg's speech in the UN last month. That was not a positive contribution to an inclusive debate, on the contrary, it had completely the reverse effect. We have a serious democratic problem when adults in general, and political leaders in particular, spend more energy harassing and discrediting young people who take a stand in the public discourse than discussing the issues themselves. As MPs we should lead the way and support our young people when they speak out and get involved.
This is why I am proud to say that, after the massive climate demonstrations by children and young people this spring, we invited them in. And for the first time we included young people in a public hearing. In fact, their ideas also led to two private members motions in Parliament. We should be grateful that children and young people speak out and demand action. Their interest and efforts are of the utmost importance, for now and for the future. We will not succeed without them.
Thank you.
Présidente de l'Assemblée parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
18:45:55
Thank you.
The next speaker is Mr FRICK, and the next speaker will be Mr BRUIJN from the Netherlands.
Ladies and Gentlemen,
2019 is a special year for both the Council of Europe and the principality of Liechtenstein. While the Council of Europe can celebrate its 70th anniversary, my country celebrates 300 years of existence. Both anniversaries are an opportunity to look back, but also to reflect upon our common challenges in the future. Sustainable development is the key issue of our time, I'm convinced that global sustainable development cannot be achieved without multilateral cooperation. The adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development back in 2015 was, therefore, a landmark resolution by the United Nations.
All states, international and regional organisations are urged to seek an appropriate balance between economic development, social cohesion and the protection of natural resources. This is a major challenge for all of us. Every state has to define its strategies and priorities. The implementation of the 2030 Agenda is not only a task for governments, private actors and civil society but, most importantly, parliaments also have a crucial role to play. It is in the hands of parliament to discuss and decide about legislation, strategies and direction and to provide the necessary budget for the implementation of the 2030 Agenda.
During its October session, the Liechtenstein Parliament had a general debate on sustainable development. I was overwhelmed by the broad support for the topic by all speakers, regardless of party affiliation. General debates are helpful, but we need measures. So, what can parliaments do?
First and foremost, parliaments should ensure that all legislation they adopt creates an enabling environment for the implementation of the 2030 Agenda. Enabling environments are closely linked to the protection and promotion of human rights, as well as the rule of law. These are preconditions for sustainable development. The Liechtenstein Parliament has proven to be highly committed to human rights. In 2016, for example, it adopted legislation for the establishment of an independent national human rights institution. The parliament also decided to provide sufficient financial means for this institution.
Parliaments do not necessarily have a purely national focus, they can also influence the priorities of their governments' foreign policy. The Liechtenstein Parliament discussed the foreign policy priorities of the government in spring 2019. There is no doubt that Liechtenstein continues to advocate for stronger bilateral and multilateral partnerships, to promote human rights and the rule of law. Parliaments can also support developing countries in implementing the 2030 Agenda by providing financial means for official development assistance to their governments. In Liechtenstein, this is our primary foreign policy instrument, with which we make a substantial contribution to the global achievement of the 2030 Agenda.
I would also like to thank the government of Liechtenstein for having presented its first voluntary national review on the implementation of the 2030 Agenda in July 2019. The report has been very helpful for the work of the parliament; it provides comprehensive information on sustainable development and includes all available statistical indicators.
President, dear colleagues, creating a conducive environment to truly achieve sustainable development should be at the top of the agenda of our parliaments. We should all continue to strengthen fundamental freedoms and rights of all human beings, democratic institutions and the rule of law. We should do this both at the national and at the international level.
I thank you.
Présidente de l'Assemblée parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe
18:51:22
Thank you, Mr President.
Dear colleagues, since Mr BRUIJN has given up speaking, the list of speakers is exhausted.
We must now close the debate on the second topic under discussion, but as I announced at the opening of the conference that time would be devoted to the audience's remarks, I would not want to deprive someone who would like to speak again this afternoon, of doing so.
Does anyone wish to add a comment or intervention to this debate?
That is not the case.
I thank you and in particular those of you who have spoken and whose contributions have enriched your exchanges.
I would like to remind you that you are all invited to the reception hosted by the City of Strasbourg at the Pavillon Joséphine. I look forward to meeting you there and continuing our fruitful exchanges in a friendly atmosphere.
The meeting will resume tomorrow morning at 10:00 a.m.
The meeting of the Secretaries General of Parliaments will take place at 830 am.
I wish you a great evening.