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jeudi 28 avril 2022 après-midi

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Ouverture de la séance n° 16

Débat : Sauvegarder et promouvoir la démocratie véritable en Europe

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

15:31:36

The sitting is open.

The first item of business this afternoon is the debate on the report titled “Safeguarding and promoting genuine democracy in Europe” (Doc. 15486) presented by Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ of the Committee on Political Affairs and Democracy.

We shall also hear an opinion from Mr Vladimir VARDANYAN on behalf of the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights.

In order to finish by 6:00 p.m., I will interrupt the list of speakers at about 5:40 p.m. to allow time for the replies and the vote on the amendments and the draft resolution and draft recommendation.

The rapporteur has 7 minutes to present the report and then she will have a further 3 minutes to reply at the end of the debate.

Now I leave the floor to Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ, the rapporteur. You have 7 minutes.

Mme Marie-Christine DALLOZ

France, PPE/DC, Rapporteure

15:32:47

Thank you, Mr President.

Dear colleagues,

Mr Chairman of the Committee,

Mr Rapporteur of the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights,

First of all, I would like to thank the colleagues who were at the origin of this report – I am thinking of Mr Piero FASSINO – and all those who have contributed to drawing it up: the Venice Commission, of course, but also the Secretariat of the Committee.

This report was born out of a difficult observation: democracy is in clear decline in the world and in Europe. It is facing a double crisis: not only is it threatened from "within", i.e. by governments or democratically elected leaders, who are progressively emptying it of its substance, but it is also suffering from a decline in citizens' confidence in its institutions and in its ability to tackle the major challenges that our societies have been experiencing for the past few decades, such as the challenges of globalisation, growing inequalities and climate change.

This draft resolution and this draft recommendation contain proposals both to fight against this gradual distancing from the founding elements of a "true democracy" and to respond to the crisis of confidence of citizens.

The choice of the expression "true democracy" is neither trivial nor accidental. It is the term used in the Statute of the Council of Europe, which defines it as being "founded on the principles of individual freedom, political liberty and the rule of law." This interdependence between democracy, human rights and the rule of law cannot be repeated enough.

The observation that we can all make and experience show that the declibe of democracy is a slow and insidious process that manifests itself through what could be called warning signs, such as the weakening of the role of the parliamentary opposition, attacks on the independence of the judiciary and the media, and attacks on fundamental rights and freedoms, including freedom of expression, assembly and association, particularly targeting civil society, human rights defenders and the media. As these attacks continue and intensify, there is a "snowball effect" that makes it increasingly difficult to reverse the trend.

The Covid-19 pandemic has exacerbated the decline of democracy: the numerous resolutions and recommendations of the Assembly on this issue testify to this. Now that the worst of the pandemic is, I hope, behind us, we must learn from it so as not to repeat the same mistakes if we are faced with other crises.

The decline of democracy affects all democracies, albeit to varying degrees, even those considered "mature", and it is this general phenomenon that should be fought at all costs, because only true democracies can guarantee democratic security. "True democracy" is the key to achieving our common goal of "peace-building based on justice and international co-operation".

In the recommendation on "The consequences of the continuing aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine: role and response of the Council of Europe", which our Assembly adopted on Wednesday, it is recalled that democratic security is a pre-condition for peace and stability. Our Assembly has called for a possible fourth Summit of Heads of State and Government of the Council of Europe member states, which should address challenges such as "combating the decline of democracy", "revitalising democracy through innovation and greater citizen participation" and "establishing effective early warning mechanisms to take decisive and collective action against threats to the rule of law, democratic standards and the protection of human rights".

We can only welcome these recommendations, which are in line with those contained in the two proposed draft texts.

Before concluding, I would like to highlight six recommendations that seem to me to be essential and which, of course, appear in the present draft resolution and in the present draft report:

1. Fight against disinformation, because we know the danger that false, partial or deliberately misleading information poses to our peoples.

2. Guarantee the safety of journalists. Yes, these professionals must be able to work without putting their lives in danger.

3. Avoid a strong concentration of media ownership, which threatens the quality and authenticity of information, as well as the plurality of opinion.

4. Ensure that elections are free and fair. This is one of the missions of our institution. The electoral process should be organised and supervised by an independent and impartial authority.

5. Ensure that the parliamentary opposition has sufficient resources to exercise control over the government.

6. Promote equality for all and provide effective protection against discrimination and hatred.

These are the recommendations contained in this proposed recommendation and proposed resolution and report. I appreciate your discussion.

Thank you for your attention.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

15:39:00

Thank you, Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ.

I now call Mr Vladimir VARDANYAN, rapporteur of the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights, to present the Committee's opinion in 3 minutes maximum.

M. Vladimir VARDANYAN

Arménie, PPE/DC, Rapporteur pour avis

15:39:13

Thank you, Mr Chair.

Dear colleagues,

Today I am presenting the Opinion of the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights on a report by the Committee on Political Affairs and Democracy on safeguarding and promoting genuine democracy in Europe, prepared by Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ.

I fully share the views expressed in her report and broadly support the draft resolution.

Member states will find in the report and resolution a checklist of democratic values and principles that they must respect to achieve genuine democracy in accordance with the Council of Europe Statute and standards.

However, our Committee would like to propose nine amendments to further strengthen the draft resolution on certain aspects.

The Committee proposes to strengthen the draft resolution by putting more emphasis on the interdependence between democracy, human rights and the rule of law, and by referring explicitly to the case law of the European Court of Human Rights developed on the notion of effective political democracy.

The Committee also proposes to add some additional references to the Assembly’s previous work, in particular with regard to the impact of COVID-19 and the protection of human rights defenders.

With these small amendments, the draft resolution would state, even more clearly, that effective genuine democracy can only be achieved through the protection of human rights and the respect of rule of law.

Once again, using this opportunity, I would like to express words of gratitude and congratulate Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ for this report.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

15:41:01

Thank you, Mr Vladimir VARDANYAN.

I will give the floor to the spokespersons of the political groups.

First, Ms Nicole TRISSE on behalf of all the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe.

Mme Nicole TRISSE

France, ADLE, Porte-parole du groupe

15:41:23

Thank you, Mr President.

Madam rapporteur, dear colleagues,

The safeguarding of a "true" democracy on our continent, that is, one that meets the highest legal and political standards, is a highly topical issue. I am delighted that this question brings us together today, on the basis of the excellent analysis of Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ, whom I congratulate for the quality of her work.

It is regrettable, but there are countless alarming reports pointing out the decline of democracy in countries where it had previously flourished. The tangible manifestations of this trend are unfortunately perceptible everywhere: a drop in voter turnout, mistrust of politicians and elected officials, increased resonance of populist or hateful discourse, and the contestation of established facts or truths. And the coronavirus pandemic, since 2020, has only accentuated this phenomenon.

None of us can seriously claim that democracy is alive and well in our own country.

Thus, in France, during the presidential election, the result revealed the extent of these populist movements through the emergence of nationalist and anti-European parties.

It is imperative and urgent that we focus on safeguarding our democracies, this fragile and precious asset that was acquired through hard work by the generations that preceded us. It is this democratic ideal that inspired the Council of Europe, in order to consolidate peace between peoples, through the respect of the rule of law and international co-operation.

Unfortunately, nothing can be taken for granted. Today's news demonstrates once again that when we move away from democracy and the rule of law, we quickly fall on the dark side of humanity, in absurd wars and abominable crimes.

The Council of Europe must more than ever be the guarantor of our values of democracy, the rule of law and the preservation of human rights. Obviously, the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe supports the resolution and recommendation of this report, and in particular the establishment of the permanent platform for democracy and the early warning mechanism to avoid any authoritarian drift.

To conclude, dear friends, I would like to share with you a quote from a French journalist, Françoise Giroud:

"This is how fascism begins. It never says its name, it crawls, it floats, when it shows its nose, we say: Is it him? You think so? You mustn't exaggerate! And then one day it gets in your face and it is too late to expel it."

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

15:44:03

Thank you, Ms Nicole TRISSE.

Now I invite Mr Hişyar ÖZSOY to take the floor on behalf of the Group of the Unified European Left.

M. Hişyar ÖZSOY

Turquie, GUE, Porte-parole du groupe

15:44:12

Thank you. Thank you so much, Mr President.

I would also like to congratulate Madam Rapporteur for this report and recommendation.

The report mainly describes some of the key problems about human rights, democracy and the rule of law in member states. There is nothing actually new in the report, because almost every single issue covered in the report has already been debated several times in this very Assembly. We know, I mean, media freedoms, freedom of expression, freedom of thought, political association, whatever.

I would like to say something a bit different here, because when we describe the problems I think there is consensus. But how we are going to address and resolve these problems?

This report specifically makes two suggestions. One is to establish a permanent platform on democracy with the participation of various organs of this Council. The second is an early warning mechanism.

Unfortunately, in the report, we don't really see the details of these two crucial suggestions. I really don't have a concrete idea of what such a democratic platform would look like, or what is an early warning mechanism. I'm not sure even whether we need such a platform and such a mechanism.

Why?

We already have a lot of mechanisms and early warning mechanisms. For example, we have our rapporteurs, we have the CPT, we have the Venice Commission, we have the Congress, we have the Court. I mean, it is not that we don't know that, for example, in countries that we know, like in Hungary, or in Turkey, or in other places, there is a backsliding. Everybody knows that. We have seen it with our eyes.

But the problem is not whether we see, whether there is an early warning or not. The problem is whether this Council – with the Committee of Ministers, Secretary General, all organs, the Parliamentary Assembly – whether we have a strong political will to make sure that the terms and conditions of this Council are respected, and member states implement their obligations. That is the crucial matter, and I don't see much of that actually covered in the report.

So having said that, let me conclude by saying: for genuine democracy, which is different from democracy, it is highlighted in the report, we need genuine members who have the will, the desire, to embrace the pillars on which this very Council is based – democracy, human rights, and rule of law.

So at this point, I don't think it is enough for the member states just to renew their commitment to genuine democracy. All the organs of this Council should come together to make sure that the rules, the judgments, the recommendations of this Council are implemented and member states fulfil their obligations. There is no way out.

Thank you so much.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

15:47:31

Thank you.

Now the floor is for Mr Constantinos EFSTATHIOU on behalf of the Socialist Group.

M. Constantinos EFSTATHIOU

Chypre, SOC, Porte-parole du groupe

15:47:39

Thank you, Mr Chair.

I would like to thank the rapporteur for the excellent and the well elaborated presentation, together with the rapporteur for opinion for this presentation.

Genuine democracy should not only be declared but most importantly should have specific content. Elected representatives and public authorities, therefore, should give practical meaning to norms and regulations by encompassing the essence of human and civil rights, upon which the concept of democracy is founded.

Providing answers through our democratic institutions to serve the needs of people and finding meaningful solutions to the multiple problems and challenges they face on a daily basis is the gist of genuine democracy.

A sound legal framework guaranteeing basic human rights and freedoms means nothing if at a practical level people face discrimination and obstacles in their access to justice, employment, healthcare, housing and education. Similarly, if equal opportunities are not provided to people from different social and economic backgrounds, progress, prosperity and the credibility of our democratic institutions will be hindered.

Mainstreaming social policies with human rights will bring value added to the lives of European citizens. Bridging the digital divide and combating inequalities, especially for the younger generations, should remain at the top of our agendas. Providing social safety nets and ensuring that the specific needs of the most vulnerable among us are met, including people with disabilities, are elements that define the quality of our democracies.

If these needs are not met and these problems not addressed, democratic backsliding is inevitable. As a result, the distance between the citizens and the decision-makers will keep growing – leaving a vacuum to be filled by populists, nationalists and extremists. This phenomenon cannot be attributed to the wrong choices made by the electorate but instead to the deficiencies and inability of public authorities to deliver on citizens’ needs and expectations.

It is also important to ensure that public authorities are accountable only to justice and to the electoral body and not any other authority, such as media owners, private financial institutions, and other pillars of power. Sadly, what we are observing at a European level is a rise in corruption and opportunism.

I close my intervention by quoting a famous phrase taken from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of the French revolution, which is one of my favourites:

M. Constantinos EFSTATHIOU

Chypre, SOC, Porte-parole du groupe

15:51:06

"Ignorance, forgetfulness or disregard –and, if I may add, elimination– of human rights are the sole causes of public misfortune and government corruption."

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

15:51:21

Thank you, sir.

Now I give the floor to Mr Dimitrios KAIRIDIS, speaker of the Group of the European People's Party.

M. Dimitrios KAIRIDIS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Porte-parole du groupe

15:51:32

I would like to congratulate the rapporteur.

I feel particularly proud that both the rapporteur of the report and the rapporteur for opinion come from our political group, Group of the European People's Party. This is important because I think the EPP is at the forefront of confronting that challenge that comes from or often from political forces to our right. We have a particular interest in EPP to see this challenge effectively answered.

Now we have had waves of democratisation in the past. We all are familiar with what happened after 1945 in Germany and Italy, the first; the Iberian and the Greek transitions to democracy in the mid-70s, the second wave; and obviously, the biggest of them all, the third wave in 1989 with the collapse of the Berlin Wall and communism in Eastern Europe.

We lived in a euphoria in the 90s. Since then things have changed and we have two new, very important phenomena. One is that this wave has been ebbed, is receding. We are watching a reversal of democratisation to an unprecedented and unexpected de-democratisation. Secondly, this de-democratisation is not produced by military officers, tanks, and conventional dictatorships, but often by elected leaders who empty democracy from its content, keep the surface, the elections, but empty it from what makes it genuine. As a result we have a proliferation of hybrid regimes, of electoral autocracies. You see that all over in the periphery of Europe a lot, you Mister Chairman, know it very well, coming from the country that you come from, this phenomenon, in Turkey, obviously.

This is a fundamental problem, where the report answers very effectively saying out loud that there is no such thing as illiberal democracy. Democracy can either be liberal, with all the liberal rights and institutions, or there is no democracy. This is very important to be said especially since so many leaders in Hungary and elsewhere have tried to propagate otherwise. I think this is a matter of great concern that we will be preoccupied with for the time to come, one of our most important business. We have to be agile and to follow the example of what happened with my country some 50 years ago, in the late 60s, during the dictatorship, when its membership was suspended to the benefit of the Greek people. As a result, the credibility of the Council of Europe was increased among the Greek people.

We should do the same today and be as vigilant as we were back then.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

15:54:49

Thank you very much indeed.

I think your remarks will be replied to by some Turkish speakers since I am the Chair.

Now the floor is for Mr Sorin-Titus MUNCACIU, speaking for the European Conservatives Group and Democratic Alliance group.

M. Sorin-Titus MUNCACIU

Roumanie, CE/AD, Porte-parole du groupe

15:55:10

Thank you very much, Mister Chairman, for giving me the opportunity to talk about a new concern that I have when it comes to democracy. It's a new concept called government public-private partnership.

This new concept means that it's trying to put all the stakeholders at the table to deal with the policies that affect us all. Mainly, I'm talking about the healthcare domain.

Right now at the World Health Organization, the Committee of Ministers are negotiating what they call the pandemic treaty. What does it mean, the pandemic treaty?

It means it's a going to be a framework that will allow the technocrats in the World Health Organization to make decisions.

I'm not against the expertise of people who have knowledge. Yet when it comes to decisions, it will be from the democratic standpoint, people elected.

At the European level, we have an infographic presented by the Chairman of the Council, who has actually delineated the timeline where this pandemic treaty is going to be implemented.

We found out that this year is going to be negotiated. Next year, at the 76th Session of the World Health Organization, it is going to be presented. In 2024, this treaty, the pandemic treaty, is going to be adopted.

What does it mean that it is going to be adopted by all 194 countries?

It means that it's going to be law-binding. Law-binding means that the technocrats in the World Health Organization are going to decide what is an emergency, what is a pandemic emergency. They are going to decide how to deal with it and what the policies are going to be.

Well, it's not very long since we saw the World Health Organization in action when it comes to the pandemic of COVID-19. We saw their policies. That's why it's my biggest concern that this government public-private partnership is going to be an obstacle in the democratic means.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

15:58:10

Thank you, sir.

Now we move to the individual speakers, starting with Mr Stefan SCHENNACH from Austria.

M. Stefan SCHENNACH

Autriche, SOC

15:58:24

Thank you, Mister President.

I would like to continue with Ms Nicole TRISSE. Who would have thought that we would come to a time when we have to look with great concern at a democracy fatigue?

People who, if you do polls, would rather have a little dictator than a grinding democracy. That is an alarming sign, and the rapporteur also said that. That's when you have to think: how could it come to this that we have this democracy fatigue here? There are already two or three things that come about. The fact that many processes take too long, the pandemic, the fight against climate change, and at the same time the fact that people are no longer able to participate socially - that is, the inflation, the inflation, all of this causes a rejection of democracy that is actually devastating. Added to this is the still widespread form of corruption, and that of course populist movements, such as the Yellow Vests in France, find a rich form of nourishment in such things.

One should always not overlook the social issue that lies behind all this. Then on top of that, with corruption, often rulers start - like in my country - attacking the judiciary. If you attack the independent judiciary in this way, you shouldn't be surprised if democracy fatigue sets in here.

Social media, the internet, play a very important role in fanning the flames of democracy fatigue or opposition to democracy. If we think that today, in a Europe where we have war again, it should actually be just the opposite. The only chance to preserve peace, to preserve social peace, to preserve real peace, can only be democracy.

The rapporteur proposes strengthening political education, and I think that is very important. There will also be a report from the Social Committee on the early involvement of children and young people and participation.

I don't see the early warning mechanism yet, but perhaps the discussion will show how that can be. I think political education is very, very important.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:01:31

Thank you, Mr Stefan SCHENNACH.

It seems Ms Khatia DEKANOIDZE from Georgia withdrew.

Then I give the floor to Ms Olena KHOMENKO from Ukraine.

She has gone.

The next speaker is Mr Olivier BECHT from France.

M. Olivier BECHT

France, ADLE

16:02:13

Thank you very much, Mr President.

So, we are here this afternoon to talk about the safeguarding of democracy in Europe.

It is true that Europe is the continent where democracy was born. It was a very long time ago and it was, at that time, in small Greek cities. It also lived under the Roman Republic and then, together with the Roman Empire, it disappeared for almost 1 700 years. What was finally a disruption allowed the return of democracy was an invention: this invention was the printing press, the printing press that allowed the widespread dissemination of ideas that were until now the monopoly of religion. From there, citizens asked to be able to express themselves and that is where representative democracy was born.

Today, representative democracy, despite its presence for more than 300 years on European soil, is in crisis. It is in a deep crisis. We can see, obviously, the abstention rates; we can see the rise of populism; and then we can also see, finally, the counter-models, that is to say, non-democratic authoritarian countries – I am thinking of China in particular, which is campaigning to sell a non-democratic model throughout the world.

My conviction is that we must look at what happened at the time when representative democracy was born. The monarchies, which were absolute monarchies at the time, had not seen what had happened with the printing press, this diffusion of ideas and this desire of people to be able to participate in the debate. And the absolute monarchies fell.

We have to be careful because we are experiencing technological ruptures today, especially through smartphones. There is a very vast diffusion of ideas and, more than a diffusion of ideas, there is also now the capacity of citizens to give their opinion and to participate directly in the debate of ideas, notably through social media; of course, with many flaws, but it is a technological revolution as important as the one we experienced at the time of the printing press. There is no doubt that it will have the same political repercussions as then.

It is therefore necessary that representative democracy understands what is happening, understands this need, this desire of citizens to participate more in public debate. Our fellow citizens are not saying "we don't like politics anymore", they are saying "we don't like the way it is being done through representative democracies".

I therefore invite our Assembly, here at the level of the Council of Europe, to work on participatory democracy. We have to re-found democracy today if we want it to survive, because this is the challenge of the century we are in.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:05:17

Thank you, sir.

Now the floor is for Ms Arusyak JULHAKYAN, from Armenia.

Mme Arusyak JULHAKYAN

Arménie, NI

16:05:27

Thank you, Mister Chair,

Dear Colleagues,

Democracy is an ultimate value and it is not accidental that the goal and the basis of the creation of the Council of Europe were upholding democracy, human rights and the rule of law.

Unfortunately, democracy worldwide is experiencing difficult times. We should join our efforts for its safeguarding.

The rapporteurs are right when stating that real democracy must be distinguished from the imitation of democracy, as real democracy envisages not only power and leverages for the political majority but also a real opportunity to ensure the rights of the political minorities, as well as ensuring the rule of law. It is also extremely important for democracy to ensure checks and balances. Unfortunately, sometimes we face situations when authoritarian regimes try to imitate democracy, thus casting a shadow on the content of real democracy. 

Colleagues, it is worth mentioning that democracy has not only internal but also external context, and states should be as democratic on international issues as they are democratic on the internal ones. A state cannot have an internal democracy but meanwhile, be anti-democratic concerning international issues. Only genuine democracies can guarantee democratic security and achieve the common goal of pursuing peace based upon justice and international co-operation.

On the contrary, authoritarian leaders sometimes use conflicts including frozen ones to seize and or maintain power. That is why it is extremely difficult for democracies to negotiate peace with an authoritarian leader.

Colleagues, war is the enemy of democracy. After the 2020 war in Nagorno-Karabakh, a public debate in Armenia started. There was an attempt to argue that democracy and security exclude each other. It is not possible to be a strong country while being democratic. However, the snap parliamentary elections showed that the Armenian people were wise enough to understand that democracy and security, democracy and strength do not exclude each other. They are interrelated. It is not possible to be a strong contender country with a healthy and strong population without democracy.

Colleagues, as I already mentioned only democracies can bring real peace as democratic states do not fight with each other. Therefore, it is my belief that we must use this platform to exchange our experiences of our democratic paths. We must join our efforts to safeguard democracy in our countries, which will in its turn contribute to the peace in the region.

However, I think that for better results in these efforts we must, firstly, ensure that all of us have the same perception of the values of the Council of Europe is based on.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:08:35

Thank you.

Now the floor is for Ms Selin SAYEK BÖKE from Turkey.

Mme Selin SAYEK BÖKE

Turquie, SOC

16:08:44

Thank you very much.

I'm going to pick up from where Mr Stefan SCHENNACH left.

To safeguard our democracies we need to rebuild our economies. We need to rebuild them where we guarantee our social and economic rights so that people feel included, where they do not resent the other but rather realise that we're in it together.

Usually we tend to think it won't happen here. We tend to think: this time is different each time we realise there's a backslide in the democracy, each time we realise economic crisis has repeat themselves. It can happen anywhere. It usually shares a lot of similarities, and it repeats itself. Why? Because these two crises for our democracy as well as our economy actually go hand in hand. They're fed from the characteristic of the system. They're not idiosyncratic, which is actually why we should be very hopeful and feel powerful. Why? Because the system is something we design as policymakers. Therefore, if we change our policies, we can change our system. If we change our system, we can ensure that the backslide in democracy stops, that we prosper together and that everybody feels included.

Now, systems where basic human rights are not protected in a rule-based order is where we actually have crises in democracy. A system where the neo-liberal model dictates an ignorance of the very basic economic and social rights through fiscal and economic policy choices that include privatisation of provision of basic human right services such as health, such as education, such as electricity, such as telecommunication. These cannot be left into the hands of profit-making. These are our basic rights.

Therefore, an economic model should insure them: Through austerity measures, through regressive tax policies, through a dismantling of the welfare state. All of these characteristics that I just defined about the neo-liberal model actually point to a clear ignorance of the basic economic and social rights that we have drafted in our conventions, very well-written, fancy reports, which state that we actually have these rights. Yet when it comes to putting money into these rights, suddenly we tend to ignore them. We fall significantly short of guaranteeing these rights that are enshrined in our conventions, in our law, in our constitutions.

Therefore, we need to build an economic order that is governed by the principle of public interests and not rent-seeking profits. If we do not, then these basic rights will remain words on legal documents and will not become deeds for millions who bear the loss of economic security. Then they will resent their position and the populist leaders will lead that resentment to "the other", where the other is defined by the populist leader, whereas it's the economic model.

Let's rise up to the challenge before it's too late. Let's guarantee our economic and social rights.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:12:06

Thank you Ms Selin SAYEK BÖKE.

Now, the floor is for Mr Nicos TORNARITIS, from Cyprus.

M. Nicos TORNARITIS

Chypre, PPE/DC

16:12:17

Dear President, dear colleagues,

We are discussing this report at a timely moment due to the ongoing Russian invasion to Ukraine.

Safeguarding genuine democracy is crucial. However, there are constant backslides, whether these stem from war, migratory pressures, the violation of human rights, the digital divide, climate change, the rise of extreme far right movements, populism or inconsistencies in our checks and balances.

Despite our shared commitment to the Council of Europe’s fundamental values and principles, our democracies remain vulnerable. Vulnerable to outside asymmetric shocks as well as to internal, national and European imbalances that threaten the resilience of our democratic institutions. Vulnerable also to authoritarian regimes handing life sentences to human rights defenders like Osman Kavala in Turkey. Given the opportunity, I call for his immediate and unconditional release.

Ladies and gentlemen,

The answer to these threats and challenges can never be less democracy but more democracy.

The structural components of genuine democracies need to be preserved and strengthened in line with the Council of Europe’s acquis. We must avoid double standards and ensure that the same rules and principles apply to all member states, without exceptions.

Thank you very much.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:15:08

Thank you Mr Nicos TORNARITIS.

Now I invite Mr Rasmus NORDQVIST to take the floor, from Denmark.

M. Rasmus NORDQVIST

Danemark, SOC

16:15:18

Thank you.

I want to start by thanking the rapporteur for a very strong and important report, but also, to be frank, quite a depressing report.

When we look in the world right now, we see the number of people living in democracies is declining. We see a backsliding in the quality of democracy. It's even necessary to write in the in the headline: generate democracy. I mean, it shouldn't be.

Thank you for this.

I also think it's very important that it be underlined that democracy, human rights, and the rule of law, go hand-in-hand. All three are necessary to have good, free democracies.

We also know that it's only in true democracies that we also have more equality in societies, and also peace.

Thank you for this.

I'm happy to see right now that we've finally seen the Commission of the EU starting the rule of law cases against Hungary. Finally there are some institutions putting some thought behind the words and actually acting on these things.

I think that the recommendations in the report are very good and fine. I also want to mention that even though this report is talking about almost the base of good democracies, we also have to, all the time, keep an open mind about the developing of democracies and the way democracy is working.

I find the work in OECD on participatory democracy really important because, as the rapporteur said, the trust from citizens in many countries is declining as well in representative democracies. How can we actually answer this? I think it is through more participation, more participatory democracy in our countries as well.

Thank you for this strong report. It's clear that we have to act on this.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:17:24

Thank you, sir.

Now, may I invite Mr Frédéric REISS, from France, to take the floor.

M. Frédéric REISS

France, PPE/DC

16:17:32

Thank you, Mr President.

Dear colleagues,

First of all, allow me to congratulate our colleague Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ for her excellent work.

What is a "true" democracy and how to protect it are two crucial questions because the questioning of democratic principles is a phenomenon that is growing all over the world and Europe is unfortunately not spared. The upheavals of recent decades, such as migration flows, increasing inequalities, and economic, social and environmental crises are destabilising our societies. The answers proposed by political representatives to today's challenges often dissatisfy many of our fellow citizens.

A number of countries, while continuing to have a free electoral system, are challenging the separation of powers and fundamental rights. The political authorities in these countries lower the legal and political standards on which a "true" democracy should be based and then often discard them altogether. There is no need to list these countries as illiberal democracies. We all know that these are unfortunately not just one or two isolated cases.

In European countries where democratic principles are still firmly rooted, the situation is not ideal. There is a growing abstention in elections and a lack of confidence in elected representatives. Populist or hate speech, untruths and other "fake news" have increased on our continent, particularly during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The Statute of the Council of Europe states that member states should have as a common objective "the consolidation of peace, based on justice and international co-operation". The breakdown of democratic standards calls this objective into question. When democracy declines, peace is threatened. The Russian Federation, which had gradually moved away from democratic values, ended up attacking its sister country Ukraine in a totally unjustified manner, and since 24 February Europe has once again experienced the horrors of war on its soil.

To stop this infernal spiral, we must reaffirm our values: freedom of thought, freedom of expression, freedom of assembly and association, independence of the media, independence of the judiciary and, of course, free elections. In addition, there are two actions that seem to me to be particularly important: first, the fight against disinformation, a phenomenon that is becoming increasingly harmful, and second, recapturing young people, who sometimes act outside of the traditional democratic paths, with all the risks that this entails.

The proposals of our rapporteur are common sense and I will obviously vote in favour of the resolution and recommendation submitted to us.

Thank you very much.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:20:38

Thank you, sir. 

Now the floor is for Mr Armen GEVORGYAN, from Armenia.

M. Armen GEVORGYAN

Arménie, CE/AD

16:20:47

Mister Chairman,

There are two issues mentioned in the documents under discussion that I am going to highlight.

First, I would like to refer to the statement that I quote "democracy is not the dictatorship of the majority". Unfortunately, this is the path that in the past years a number of governments in our member States have chosen. This way often results in the consolidation of power by one political force and, thereby, exaggerated executive power. Then it yields limitations on the role of the parliament and the work of the political opposition. Further restrictions on media and new limitations of the freedom of expression, as well as interference in the work of the courts, are also obvious. In fact, we are witnessing the formation of the so-called "liberal dictatorship". For reasons unknown to many of us, the Council of Europe and many other organisations have so far chosen to ignore the above trends. I hope this is not the result of a compromise between traditional democratic values and new global politics. I believe that genuine democracy trademarks cannot be awarded to any country because of any geopolitical calculations or preferences.

In addition, it seems to me that the presented negative manifestations of the dictatorships of the majority should become a special subject of monitoring in the member States of the organisation.

Second, there is a reference to certain responsibilities to other member States that genuine democracies must have for the purposes of achieving the common goal of peace based upon justice and international co-operation. I agree with this but I think double standards should be called out.

It has become obvious that the new Europe has so far failed to identify the most reasonable and novel solutions to people's right to self-determination. We have to recognise that historically marked aspirations for national self-determination will continue to influence the European democratic path. Peace and stability on the continent if there are no fair and equal approaches.

Dear colleagues, we shall not create cases when the quality of democracy in the member States is being neglected because of any geopolitical transformations. I believe it had been the view of the founders of this organisation that the anti-democratic processes within member States and among them must receive objective evaluation and assessment in Strasbourg.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:23:26

Thank you.

The next speaker is Ms Sona GHAZARYAN, also from Armenia.

The floor is yours.

Mme Sona GHAZARYAN

Arménie, ADLE

16:23:36

Honourable chair,

Dear colleagues,

Today at the PACE, we are discussing how to safeguard democracy in these difficult times during the world pandemic. Democracy has been, and will be, a core value for my political party in Armenia. As a party that started governing after the Velvet Revolution of 2018, we know that democracy has no viable alternative. Democracy is also resilience, security.

Many of my colleagues in the European Union were wondering how, after the challenges and crises caused by the pandemic and the 44-Day War, my political party was re-elected?

I think the answer is very simple: people re-elected democratic values and a political platform whose campaign was built on two main principles – rule of law and regional peace in the South Caucasus.

Here, at the PACE, several months ago, we had a very good report on Armenia and our reforms. The Monitoring Committee welcomed Armenia's progress in its democratic development since 2018 and how we have emerged from a serious political crisis triggered by the war that Azerbaijan unleashed against Nagorno-Karabakh in the fall of 2020.

These elections were exceptional in Armenia's history since independence. It was widely the practice that elections, specifically because they were rigged, would trigger protests and crisis. This time around, Armenia actually succeeded in overcoming a crisis through fair elections.

Here I would like to quoteanother organisation that has conducted research on Armenia. By the Varieties of Democracy report, "while electoral democracies have increased substantially in number since the end of the 1980s in general, two countries in particular – one of them Armenia – have made democratic transitions from electoral autocracy to electoral democracy in 2021."

As a final thought, a transition to democracy, even being a democracy, is a constant work. Democracies should support each other on this path, and pursue peace based upon justice and international co-operation.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:25:58

Thank you.

Now the floor is for Mr Ziya ALTUNYALDIZ from Turkey.

Ziya, take the floor.

M. Ziya ALTUNYALDIZ

Turquie, NI

16:26:08

Thank you, Mr Chair,

Dear colleagues, I would like to congratulate the rapporteur, Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ, for a well thought out and detailed report which presents us with the baseline of genuine democracy. I fully agree that there is a democratic reversion in Europe and across the world.

Hence, it has contributed to the loss of confidence in democratic institutions as well. There are multiple consequences of this loss of faith in democracy, such as increasing populism, hate speech and the polarisation of society. 

In order to get out of this vicious cycle, we need to develop comprehensive, effective and coherent multilateral mechanisms. GRECO and the Venice Commission are important examples of these effective multilateral mechanisms that provide expertise and guidelines in areas under their responsibility. Particularly, the Venice Commission has, over the years, produced important guidelines for member states on various aspects of democracy based on the rule of law.

Dear colleagues, to make the mechanism of democracy work effectively, we need an inclusive approach, not only through institutional mechanisms but also through inclusive approaches, such as boosting people's participation in political debates and political issues as well.

However, I think the real problem here is the lack of will which is preventing us from taking effective actions to put into practice the useful recommendations laid out in this report.

Therefore, my dear friends, we should enhance our collaborative will to strengthen democracy through an inclusive and more participatory approach. In sum, by remembering that democracy is not static. We must adapt ourselves to new challenges and development with synergies of democratic values and the capacity of our organisations to reach our ultimate goals. 

Mr Chair, I would also like to raise another point that is relevant that the hemicycle has observed. On a separate note, I would like to refer to the speech of my great colleague Mr Dimitrios KAIRIDIS. I listened to his speech with astonishment. He provoked the sitting President Mr Ahmet YILDIZ and we witnessed an act that is incompatible with the tradition of this Assembly. Presidents must be impartial and objective while they are chairing the sittings. This is merely disrespectful. I think all of us can respect the members of this Assembly as to show at least the basic respect to other members of the countries as well. 

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:29:45

Thank you.

Now I give the floor to Mr Lukas SAVICKAS, from Lithuania.

M. Lukas SAVICKAS

Lituanie, SOC

16:29:54

Thank you, chair.

Dear Colleagues.

Of course, I will join with others to congratulate the rapporteur for the excellent job done. I also will try to be as brief as possible. It's quite long day today.

Not only do we have to stress it. It is not only in Europe but it's also around the world that we can see democracy backsliding. Due to weakening checks and balances and to rising new obstacles to exercise civil rights, we all can see decreasing faith of citizens in democratic institutions.

We continue to inexhaustibly debate today the consequences of Russia's war in Ukraine and to seek to ensure accountability for criminal acts on behalf of Russian forces. Yet, by doing so we only deal with consequences. Therefore, only genuine democracies can actually guarantee democratic security and achieve our common goal of pursuing peace based upon justice and international co‑operation.

Therefore, it is of utmost importance that member States of the Council of Europe should review and renew their commitment to safeguarding and promoting genuine democracy. By doing so, we must ensure, as it was rightfully pointed out, the fundamental rights and freedoms, political pluralism, independence of judiciary, and free media.

This is actually the only and the true path to ensure peace.

Thank you, Chair.

Thank you, Colleagues.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:31:37

Thank you too.

Now, the floor is for Mr Bernard FOURNIER, from France.

M. Bernard FOURNIER

France, PPE/DC

16:31:44

Mr President,

Dear colleagues,

I congratulate our colleague Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ for her very complete report which defines the constituent elements of a true democracy. I share her concern about the decline of democracy throughout the world and particularly in Europe. Perhaps we have assumed certain principles and freedoms are here to stay? We have to admit that this is not the case.

The adjectives sometimes attached to the term "democracy" to modify its content, or even to empty it of its substance, are a tangible sign of this. Can a democracy be illiberal? Certainly not, if it means undermining the rule of law, reducing the rights of the opposition or restricting freedom of expression.

The principles of individual freedom, political liberty and the rule of law, as enshrined in the Statute of the Council of Europe, seem to me to be more relevant than ever, at a time of profound attack on our values. However, these principles require real reflection and real growth, because we can only observe with regret the growing democratic indifference of European citizens and the rise of populism.

Faced with this situation, the Council of Europe and our Assembly have a particular responsibility. We parliamentarians must be tireless promoters of this work.

I would like to emphasise two points. The first is the role of the parliamentary opposition, which must be considered, and the oversight of government action by the parliament: this is an essential function that we must exercise with conviction.

Secondly, I want to support the proposal for a permanent platform on democracy, in line with the discussion adopted by the Committee of Ministers at its 121st session in 2019, as well as the proposal to set up an early warning mechanism to prevent or respond to worrying developments.

More than ever, we need to innovate and commit ourselves to defend our democratic model. I will therefore vote for this resolution and recommendation with great conviction.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:34:19

Thank you, sir.

Is Mr Antón GÓMEZ-REINO in the hemicycle?

It seems not.

Then we move to the next speaker.

Online from Canada, Mr Francesco SORBARA.

Please request the floor.

M. Francesco SORBARA

Canada

16:34:51

Hi! Bonjour, buon pomeriggio and good afternoon, everyone.

It's great to see you and the rapporteur and everyone this afternoon virtually, at least. As I mentioned yesterday, the Canadian delegation hopes to be in person. We are planning to be in person in the June and October sessions of the Council of Europe, where we'll get to see our colleagues in person. For today, it's virtual.

Honourable Colleagues, Dear Colleagues,

Democratic backsliding is a worrisome trend that is present both in Europe and across the world. Various think tanks have tried to measure the path of global democracy over time,  including the University of Gothenburg V-Dem Institute, whose democracy report 2021 begins with the sobering statistic that only 30% of the world's people now live in democracies compared with more than half just a decade ago.

Similarly, Freedom House's Freedom in the World 2022 report points out that in 2005, 46% of the world's population lived in what they call "a free country"; in 2021 this has dropped to, unfortunately, 20.3%.

The latest version of The Economist Intelligence Unit's Democracy Index found a new low on global democracy and indicated a steady decline in the Democratic scores given to both Western Europe and North America. Canada is not immune to this trend showing a 4% decline in the past year alone.

Although the Covid-19 pandemic has exasperated this decline, the trend of global democratic erosion started started well before it.

As rapporteur Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ (excuse me if I pronounce that name incorrectly) report notes, the significant acceleration of democratic failure of the last 40 years did not happen overnight but rather through a gradual, incremental, undeclared, and stealth strangulation of democracy.

The transition to an illiberal democracy is seldom sudden. It is instead the outcome of gradual, peaceful erosion of the country's democratic values, which ultimately only leaves behind the bare bones of an electoral process, leading to the domination of the majority.

In this sense, it is imperative to keep in mind the importance of genuine democracy, which is more than simply the holding of elections, and includes freedom of expression, freedom of assembly, rule of law, independence of the judiciary, and diversity, among other important criteria.

The Russian Federation's brutal aggression against Ukraine shows the imperative for democracies to work together against the threat posed by dictatorships hostile to the very existence of genuine democracy. At the same time that we see general worldwide decline in democracy, it is important to note there are still bright spots in the world that continue to advance against all odds, such as Taiwan, which became the most democratic nation in Asia this year, even in the face of threats of invasion by China.

The fate of Ukraine shows how crucial it is to support democracy in the face of such aggression, both in Europe and around the world.

In this light, Canada will continue to demonstrate leadership to advance shared democratic values and ideals, including as chair of the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, chair of Freedom Online Coalition, and co-chair of the Media Freedom Coalition during 2022, among other efforts.

Canada is also convening a high-level round table this year to examine effective ways to strengthen international legal frameworks to combat corruption globally as well as continue to support capacity-building initiatives to ensure the transparent governance of national resources in developing countries.

Together we will continue to advance democracy at home and around the world so we can build a better and freer future for everyone.

Thank you and good afternoon to all, my dear, honourable colleagues.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:38:36

Thank you, sir.

Now the floor is for Ms Arta BILALLI ZENDELI, from North Macedonia.

Is she in the hemicycle?

She's not here I think.

Now the floor is for Mr Hayk MAMIJANYAN, from Armenia.

He's also not connected?

Then let's move to Ms Jennifer DE TEMMERMAN, from France.

Is she online or in the hemicycle?

She's not? I see.

Now the floor is for Mr Mehmet Mehdi EKER, from Turkey.

The floor is yours.

M. Mehmet Mehdi EKER

Turquie, NI

16:39:34

Thank you.

Ddear President,

Dear Colleagues,

First of all, I would like to thank all the rapporteurs and speakers for contributing to this discussion, which is vital for our future together. 

It is saddening that there has been an apparent democratic backsliding even in the Council of Europe member states, which is the anchor of the rule of law, democracy and human rights.

In the recent Covid-19 pandemic, although every member state tried to do its best to prevent the spread of the virus, the measures taken affected the democratic process to different degrees. We all have been caught up with the pandemic inexperience considering that the previous one happened a century ago. Thankfully, the pandemic is losing its impact, so now we may all go back to putting all our efforts into restoring our people's faith in democracy.

I would like to contribute to the discussion on the role of social media as a factor in people's participation in politics as underlined in the report. In the age of digitalisation, the role of social media as a platform for participation in politics by facilitating communication is an essential channel for a free and plural environment of discussion.

However, it is also essential to be cautious about disinformation and fake news which shakes people's trust in the media, as we witnessed during the Covid-19 pandemic. So, as stressed in the report, a regulatory framework should be in place concerning the information in the digital world is a necessary step.

Dear colleagues, the recent aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine has shown the importance of protecting and promoting democratic values as enshrined in the Statute of the Council of Europe once again. Defending our democratic values is a responsibility that falls on each of us and we need to work together to this end. 

Finally, I would like to conclude my speech by calling all states of the Council of Europe to contribute to the points emphasised in this valuable report.

Thank you for your attention.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:42:35

Thank you, Mr Mehmet Mehdi EKER.

Now, is Mr Zoran TOMIĆ, from Serbia, available in the hemicycle or online?

Mr Zoran TOMIĆ, please ask for the floor.

 

M. Zoran TOMIĆ

Serbie, PPE/DC

16:42:55

Thank you, Chairperson.

Dear colleagues,

Dear Chairperson,

Today we are talking about something that is essence of the existence of this gathering, and that is democracy.

Democracy is defined as a form of government in which all decisionss of a state are made directly or indirectly by the majority of its citizens through fair elections.

When these conditions are met, the form of government can be described as democratic. This is true for various systems, as these terms can be combined with other types of government.

The struggle to respect democratic principles is never in vain and will never end. But it is important that we all be honest and objective in that struggle.

Unfortunately, time has shown that in many cases, we look at democracy differently when it comes to our country and when it comes to the neighbouring country or any other country that we are watching.

What we need to work on is to stop imposing democracy that suits certain countries, to others.

We should work on respecting the will of citizens, even if it's not of the liking of others. But that is the will that citizens expressed in elections. That is democracy.

I'm glad that in the last elections in Serbia, we showed that we are sincere fighters for respecting democratic principles. Prior to the elections, talks were held between representatives of the government and the opposition. We had organised talks mediated by representatives of the European Parliament as well.

Everything that was agreed at those meetings was implemented through legal procedures. Later at the elections, where the citizens clearly expressed their opinion, and gave absolute support to Aleksandar Vučić to be present of Serbia again, and elected their representatives in the National Assembly and local assemblies where elections were organised.

We have shown that we are committed to the improvement of democracy with the decision in the referendum held on 16 January this year, when the citizens supported the reform of the juridical system, and where we raised the degree of the independence of the judiciary, and the independence of the prosecutor's office to the highest possible level.

These are all concrete steps that we have taken in Serbia to promote democracy for the sake of the citizens above all.

Also, we are sorry that our citizens in the Serbian southern province, Kosovo and Mitrovica, were prevented from voting in the referendum, and also in the elections, by Mr Albin Kurti and temporary bodies in Pristina. But as a state, we have enabled them to express their opinion by voting at the relocated polling stations in central Serbia.

This move by the provisional government in Pristina is something that we expected from all of you to condemn. So I hope that this resolution will not remain a dead letter on the paper, and that we will all fight together to prevent such violations of democracy by those who are bringing unrest to the region, and to prevent these kinds of cases in the future.

That is why, with this resolution, we must fight for the rule of law and democracy, and not to impose democracy to someone else as our will. That is why we will support this resolution, but we will also ask for it to be applied in practice, and not to stay a dead letter on a paper, because as such, it has no purpose.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:46:15

Thank you too. 

Now the floor is for Mr Samad SEYIDOV, from Azerbaijan.

M. Samad SEYIDOV

Azerbaïdjan, CE/AD

16:46:26

Mr President, thank you very much.

And first of all, let me express my gratitude and congratulations to the rapporteur. This is a really excellent report and a very timely report. 

Today, everybody is thinking about genuine democracy because the time has come to understand where we are, in which direction we are going, what is going on in this part of the world, and not only in this part but all over the world.

And I think that we should take into account that genuine democracy has some really very visible threats and from my point of view, the first one is populism. If politicians are thinking about their own popularity, if they going to present themselves in a favourable light, the number of problems is only growing, not disappearing. We have seen this experience all over the Council of Europe member states. We have seen this experience in our region. And I think we should do everything in order to be sincere, open and very, very frank with our nations. This is the first.

The second, we have everything actually for genuine democracy. We have the Council of Europe. We have institutions and our friends already mentioned that. But what we really need for genuine democracy is political will. Unfortunately, sometimes we can see that absence of this political will leads to very many difficult problems. And, I think – I hope – that this is really the second very important problem for genuine democracy in Europe.

And unfortunately, we have the third problem for genuine democracy – very visible but not so easy to withdraw. That is the attempt to use core values of genuine democracy in a very, very undemocratic way. For example: human rights as a tool to pressure; the rule of law as an example of demonstrating not diversity but unity – and we have seen this very many times, especially towards the countries in our region –; when those who violated human rights are put under the same scale as those who became a victim of this violation; when we are not able to withdraw double standards. These genuine values became a very big threat to democracy itself. 

Thank you very much.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:49:53

Thank you, sir. 

Now another speaker from Azerbaijan, Mr Rafael HUSEYNOV.

M. Rafael HUSEYNOV

Azerbaïdjan, ADLE

16:50:02

Thank you, President.

Dear colleagues,

The most undesirable trend that undermines democracy in Europe and in the world is double standards, which directly contradict the concept of democracy.

Unfortunately, we, in my country, have been witnessing this for the last 30 years, and I regret to stress that we have experienced this concern also here in the Council of Europe. The loss of democracy, which we call a different approach with its various manifestations, now suddenly ignites even in the most unexpected situations. Because dual approaches have become a disease that requires intensive treatment.

Literally the other day, on 12 April, in his address to the members of the government, President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev drew attention to a very interesting point, corresponding to the topic we are discussing now. The focus now is on the Russian-Ukrainian war, and in this confrontation, the Ukrainian army makes extensive use of Turkish-made Bayraktar drones, and both the Ukrainian side and those who support the position of Ukraine are positive about the success of these weapons. However, the Azerbaijani army, which in October-November 2020 with difficulty cleared its occupied territories from invaders, also used the same drones. Apparently these are similar situations of usage.

What does this have to do with the crisis of democracy and double standards? The answer to this question lies in the delicate moment on which President Ilham Aliyev focuses. He says that in the past, when we liberated our lands from occupation and used the famous Bayraktar drones, foreign experts and the press called them deadly weapons. Now in the Russian-Ukrainian war it is called an angel. This is the difference, this is the double standards, this is the injustice towards us.

The scales of democracy are much more sensitive than all other scales, and any distortion of this scale, the slightest distortion, is immediately felt from a side.

We must reaffirm our commitment to the protection and promotion of true democracy, based on the principles of personal liberty, political liberty and the rule of law, and adhere to them unconditionally. However, in order to achieve the desired outcome, initially, the underlying disease must be eliminated.

There is a famous story: a man came to the Prophet and told him that he had many shortcomings, listed these shortcomings one by one, and expressed his desire to repent and follow the right path. The Prophet listened to him attentively and said: “Go and leave only one defect, and if you do this, other defects will inevitably disappear on their own. Do not lie”.

Among the evil tendencies that hinder the development of democracy and lead to its crises, we must above all resolutely reject double standards. If we get rid of it, many other imperfections will disappear naturally.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:53:27

Thank you, Mr Rafael HUSEYNOV.

Now the floor is for Ms Zeynep YILDIZ, from Turkey.

Mme Zeynep YILDIZ

Turquie, NI

16:53:37

Thank you.

Dear President,

Dear Colleagues,

I welcome the approach taken in the report, as I believe it would be more meaningful to not only point out a few countries but to underline that the regression is across Europe and even around the world. In this regard, it is essential to evaluate the current situation accordingly, and to take the necessary steps all together.

As can be seen from the report, there are many reasons and indications of the current democratic regression. However, I would like to point out some of them.

The first, and perhaps the most prominent, is Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, which has reminded us that realising genuine democracy is also a responsibility to other member States, as stated in the report.

Secondly, it is quite evident that the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the democratic processes worldwide. Nevertheless, I also see it as an opportunity, because by experiencing a challenge we have not experienced before, the pandemic has made us think about how we can strengthen democratic resilience.

Thirdly, as a result of rapid digitalisation, combating disinformation and protecting the right of freedom of expression becomes crucial.

Lastly, there is also the increasing migration flows, income inequality, and economic downturns, which trigger populism, xenophobia, hate speech, and the rise of the far-right in Europe. These issues are, unfortunately, becoming a part of daily life, while the democracy and shared values of Europe is more important than ever.

All in all, I am delighted to have such a vital issue on our agenda and to see that there is a growing tendency to remember the significance of democracy.

Finally, so frequently we are facing that in this Assembly, some of our colleagues directly pointed out some of our member States. If we start exclusively naming some countries, we can question monarchies, low turnout election countries, countries who pushback those in need and leave them to die, countries banning the headscarf, etc. We are here not to blame, but to recover and to rethink democracy on the basis of this Assembly. Let's focus on the principles, real democracy and security for everyone and every country.

Thank you for your attention.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

16:56:19

Thank you, Ms Zeynep YILDIZ.

Now I invite Mr Eduard AGHAJANYAN, from Armenia, to take the floor.

M. Eduard AGHAJANYAN

Arménie, SOC

16:56:30

Thank you, Mister Chair.

I would like to thank the rapporteur for the profound research on the way of making the report. Overall, I do agree with most of the points and the solutions stated in the conclusion. It is worth mentioning, however, that the report deals with the issue mainly by viewing it from two perspectives. The long-term perspective and the post-Covid perspective.

In the first case, when analysing causes of democratic backsliding in European countries, the author refers to assertions according to which these processes of crawling nature and does not happen overnight and that instead, it is a gradual process of an average of 40 years. 

In the second case, the report focuses on the need to safeguard democracy, particularly in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic and its aftermath often referring to prior resolutions on this topic such as the one named "Democracies facing the Covid-19 pandemic". Overall, if addressing the issue from the above-mentioned standpoints, there would be little to add to the report. Most probably if Armenia was a part of the sample being researched, it should be an outlier in the following context.

Armenia has chosen the path of a real democracy since the Velvet Revolution took place in May 2018. Since then there have been two major threats to its democracy. First is the oligarch system which ever since has been trying to return to power. Second, external threats namely the situation with neighbouring countries' aggression towards Armenia. Unfortunately, the report does not address the first challenge that Armenian democracy is facing. The report stresses the importance of tackling things such as excessive control over media, hate speech in politics, the deep state and the need for financial transparency, all of which are considered tools in the hands of the ruling elite. However, it completely ignores situations where the opposition not only possesses dimension tools of influence but regularly puts them into action. 

This, ladies and gentlemen, is the case in Armenia, which should be considered and looked into as well because it so happens that when the country abides to all of the criteria quite carefully mentioned in the report being in a transitional period from autocracy to full democracy, the system reacts very slowly and that in turn results in unfulfilled expectations as well as the questioning of democracy as a viable system. I believe that this would be an interesting case study for further research.

Quite fairly, the report states that for the Council of Europe member States this is not just the responsibility that the authorities have vis-à-vis their citizens, but also one which each member State has vis-à-vis all the other countries because only genuine democracies can ensure the pursuit of peace based upon justice and international co-operation, as advocated by the organisation's statutes. It also provides statistical evidence of rising hate speech and xenophobia and the way this affects democracies and practice.

Unfortunately, most recently, Armenia has been continuously subjected to Azerbaijani military aggression, as well as in the form of hate speech and xenophobic rhetoric from their highest officials including the president of the country.

Ladies and gentlemen, the past few days, our colleagues from Azerbaijan have been talking about the importance of peacebuilding and their readiness to get involved in those talks, something which has been reiterated by Armenian officials of all levels. However, we believe that the accomplishment of genuine peace on the ground requires, first and foremost, the acceptance of realities and the further political repercussions implied thereof. 

To conclude, I would like to reiterate my approval of the reports simultaneously underlying the need to apply more scopes in addressing such an important and encompassing issue.

Thank you for your attention.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:00:13

Thank you, Mr Eduard AGHAJANYAN.

Is Ms María Valentina MARTÍNEZ FERRO present in the hemicycle or available online? She seems not.

Now I move to the next speaker, Mr Yunus EMRE from Turkey.

The floor is yours.

M. Yunus EMRE

Turquie, SOC

17:00:32

Thank you, Chair.

Dear colleagues,

As you know, last Monday, a very problematic court decision was taken in my country, Turkey. This decision is directly related with the question of efficiency, impartiality and independence of the judiciary, that is listed among structural components of genuine democracy in the report which we discuss today. With this court decision, the defendants, who had been acquitted before, were sentenced to severe prison terms without any definitive and clear evidence. The treatment faced by these respectful people cannot be accepted, among whom I have the honour of knowing personally.

I would like to bring to your attention that there is a wide acceptance in our country that this trial is a political activity rather than a judicial activity. So much so, that this political dimension was previously stated in the European Court of Human Rights' decision on Mr Kavala, that there was an ulterior purpose for his long detention. This ulterior purpose was explained in the Court decision with these words: "To silence him as an NGO activist and human rights defender, to dissuade others from taking part in such activities, and to paralyse Turkey's civil society."

We know this very well. The convictions on Gezi served a specific political purpose. This political purpose is based on an imagined Turkey, where everyone is in silence and only one person speaks on behalf of the country.

Turkey has become an authoritarian country. Within this authoritarian framework, the only thing that is atypical for our country, when compared to other authoritarian regimes in the world, is that there is a strong opposition, and this opposition is based on strong institutions. So they all should be suppressed.

For this reason, the most important civil society activist in the country is convicted. For this reason, the former head of the chamber of architects is convicted. For this reason, the former head of the chamber of urban planners is convicted. For this reason, the secretary general of a social rights association is convicted.

These convictions are a total intimidation operation against the democratic opposition, and are aimed at breaking away the political and social opposition from their institutions.

Dear friends, the famous Turkish film director, Nuri Bilge Ceylan, once described Turkey as my lonely and beautiful country.

Yes, we love our lonely and beautiful country very much. I know that our country does not deserve this. I want you to know this too. This unlawfulness is not accepted by the Turkish people. In the face of these unlawfulness, I would like to inform you that there are millions of people in Turkey who demand and struggle for democracy.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:03:39

Thank you, Mr Yunus EMRE.

Now the floor is for Mr Kamal JAFAROV from Azerbaijan. He is not present.

Now I think it is an online speaker from Mexico, Mr Héctor VASCONCELOS.

Please request the floor. Mr Héctor VASCONCELOS, can you hear us? If so, please request the floor.

Apparently, he is not connected. We can return if the technical problem is solved. 

Now I move to Ms Liliana TANGUY from France. I think she is in the hemicycle. No?

May I invite Mr Erkin GADIRLI to take the floor?

M. Erkin GADIRLI

Azerbaïdjan, CE/AD

17:05:09

Thank you, Mister Chair.

I am from the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights.  We had a very extensive discussion on this report in our Committee. Mr Vladimir VARDANYAN eloquently expressed our common positions, so I decided to withdraw. 

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:05:30

Mr Erkin GADIRLI, could you repeat that? I missed it.

M. Erkin GADIRLI

Azerbaïdjan, CE/AD

17:05:37

I said that I was wrong because what we had this discussion in our Committee and Mr Vladimir VARDANYAN already expressed the common position of our Committee.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:05:49

Ok, we are saving time now.

I move to Mr Claude KERN from France.

Is he available in the hemicycle? Yes.

M. Claude KERN

France, ADLE

17:06:04

Thank you, Mr President.

Dear colleagues,

I would like to begin by congratulating our colleague Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ for this report which reminds us how much our organisation is attached to democracy in the service of our fellow citizens.

At a time when war is once again a reality in Europe, it is necessary to recall the essential role of democracies in safeguarding peace. Yet, for several years now, it seems that democracy has been in decline in Europe.

Numerous reports point to the undermining of the independence of the media and the judiciary in certain member states of our organisation. Freedom of expression is also declining, in the name of security or the fight against terrorism. Electoral rules are sometimes changed at the last moment to give an advantage to the party in power. Hate speech against minority groups is unfortunately on the rise, and the measures taken to combat the Covid-19 pandemic have further exacerbated this decline in democracy.

Some would have us believe that illiberal or non-pluralistic democracies can exist. For my part, I consider that there is only one type of democracy, namely a political system based on the rule of law, which makes it possible to guarantee fundamental rights and freedoms, political pluralism and the independence of the judiciary and the media.

However, it is clear that some of our fellow citizens are not very satisfied with the functioning of democratic institutions. This is particularly true in France, where we observe an increasingly high level of abstention or excellent scores achieved by populist or extremist parties in elections.

Democracy is slowly but surely being eroded and, to quote Sir Winston Churchill, despite the criticisms we may make here and there in each of our states, let us never forget that "democracy is the worst form of government – except for all the others that have been tried". It is up to us to know how to improve it in the interest of the people, according to our national balance.

Dear colleagues, we must act now, as parliamentarians, within our respective states, to counter certain tendencies. For example, we must vigorously oppose any legislation that would call into question the independence of the judiciary or the plurality of the media. Similarly, hate speech must be denounced. I would like to remind you that democracy is not the dictatorship of the majority, and that it implies a governance that respects the opposition as well as the rights and freedoms of each citizen.

In view of this decline of democracy, the role of the Council of Europe is also essential. The work carried out by the Venice Commission and the Monitoring Committee should enable us to identify the weaknesses of our democracies and to propose solutions to remedy them. The establishment of an early warning mechanism proposed by the draft recommendation to prevent or respond to worrying developments in respect of democratic standards and practices in our states seems particularly timely. History teaches us that vigilance must be permanent: let us never forget that.

I will therefore vote in favour of this draft resolution and this draft recommendation.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:09:17

Thank you, sir.

Now, let's try to connect Mr Héctor VASCONCELOS from Mexico, if he is available?

Could you try to request, Mr Héctor VASCONCELOS, to request the floor?

Is Ms Sevinj FATALIYEVA available in the hemicycle or online?

OK.

Sevinj, ask for the floor.

Mme Sevinj FATALIYEVA

Azerbaïdjan, CE/AD

17:10:08

Mister President,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

First of all I would like to congratulate the Rapporteur for this very important issue raised...

 

[Inaudible]

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:10:37

Ms Sevinj FATALIYEVA, one second.

The sound is not good enough to be heard by interpreters.

Could you approach the microphone?

Try now.

Mme Sevinj FATALIYEVA

Azerbaïdjan, CE/AD

17:10:58

I will start from the beginning.

In the modern world, the notion of democracy is changing. In these changing times, the notion of democracy for the functioning of modern democracy, the vital issue is tolerance. In societies where individual rights and freedoms are recognised and protected, some amount of tolerance of difference is required. Diversity in modern days is, first of all, is thought, it is speech, it is language, it is religion, it is values and attitudes. In addition to the threats to democracy that were present before in many countries, new ones have been added, that is terrorism, that is migration, religious intolerance, extremism, xenophobia, Islamophobia, also ethnic separatism. Today, European democracy is under a great threat.

Islamophobic tendencies are expanding in Europe, and this is a fact. One of the reasons for the spread of this ideology is the spread of untrue and biased information by some media resources against Islam and Muslims. Unfortunately, sometimes public and political figures join these campaigns and European institutions are indifferent to this issue. As a result, hatred against Muslims leads to their isolation from society, which in turn leads to the emergence of radical currents. In general, the way out of the national and religious conflicts, I think, is to promote and encourage multiculturalism and tolerance. Recently, we can observe a very regretful picture. In some of European countries, during the election campaigns, there is a very sad trend, when during the election battles, nationalist-minded political parties and movements are gaining significant success which build their election campaigns, precious little criticism of the policies of the current authorities toward Muslims, representative of national minorities and immigrants. This is a rather sad trend, and these parties are gaining strength becoming the leading opposition parties in a number of states. Here, I cannot but mention my country Azerbaijan – a member of the Council of Europe for many years – and this kind of growing Islamophobia, as well as xenophobia, is closely observed and negatively observed in my country because I am proud to say that multiculturalism and tolerance is the state policy in our country and also a way of life. Today democratic countries are threatened by xenophobia, Islamophobia and anti-Semitism. As for ways to overcome this risk in unity, dialogue and a comprehensive strategic vision, we have to combat rising inequalities and strengthen anti-discrimination and inequality policies in Europe, including combating racism, xenophobia, anti-Semitism, Islamophobia, Christianophobia, hate speech and populism. 

Our democracies are at risk in the face of these threats. Attacks on places of worship are becoming commonplace. We can only solve these problems through unity, openness, dialogue and a comprehensive strategic vision. I think that the principle of the indivisibility of common security should be taken as a basis. For democratic development, it is necessary to form a unified approach to security problems that give rise to the threats to the system of democratic values. 

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:14:32

Thank you Ms Sevinj FATALIYEVA.

May I give the floor to Ms Yuliia OVCHYNNYKOVA, from Ukraine.

Who is going to talk next?

Let's give the floor to Mr Héctor VASCONCELOS, online.

M. Héctor VASCONCELOS

Mexique

17:14:51

Ladies and gentlemen, can you hear me?

I am happy to be with you again, even if it is from a distance.

M. Héctor VASCONCELOS

Mexique

17:15:08

In Mexico, we are extremely aware of the risks and dangers threatening democracies throughout the world.

We are aware of the flaws in some democratic systems that have affected certain segments of the population, and disappointment in these systems.

We see the increase in anti-democratic and authoritarian regimes in various countries in Europe.

In addition, the crisis in Ukraine is a colossal challenge for the survival of the very concept of democracy. This invasion of Ukraine with its many consequences on the world will also have an impact on the role to be played by democratic forces in the future.

Today, I would like to stress a fundamental point if we wish to see our democratic systems are to survive throughout the 21st century. I'm talking about the concentration of wealth that we see in the hands of a small number of people in the world, possibly as an undesired consequence of the free market system.

While in some regions, efforts have been made to counter this concentration of wealth in few hands, and that is Europe, especially countries in western Europe.

But it's a fact that throughout the world, especially in developing countries, but also in the United States of America, social inequalities, result of this concentration of wealth, is one of the factors that is clearly and decisively undermining any truly democratic system.

As we know, the world's wealth is in the hands of less than 1% of the population. That 1% represents 38% of the world's wealth, whilst the 50% of the poorest people in the world possess only 2% of the world's wealth. Therefore, one cannot talk about real democracy given such an unfair distribution of wealth. There can be no real democracy if most people don't have access to good education and basic medical care, for example. Without elements such as this nobody can really exercise and enjoy their political rights.

Therefore, in order to preserve democracy, we must seriously tackle the question of the concentration of wealth in the world.

Thank you for your attention.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:18:18

Thank you, Mr Héctor VASCONCELOS for participating from Mexico.

Should I understand there is a point of order from Mr Dimitrios KAIRIDIS?

If so, the floor is yours.

OK, just 1 minute maximum.

M. Dimitrios KAIRIDIS

Grèce, PPE/DC

17:18:34

Yes, I will be very very brief. I don't want to take attention or time from the very very valuable debate that we have here at the very valuable report.

But I want to clarify something: I was accused wrongly I think of something.

I had no intention obviously of offending you as our Chair and I would never have thought of doing that, but let me say this: I did not speak as a Greek representative in our Assembly, I spoke as the representative of the Group of the European People's Party, the largest family in our midst, the political family, and I tried to be as discreet as possible vis-à-vis Turkey although there were very many Turkish colleagues who referred to the Osman Kavala case, precisely because I spoke as a representative of the Group of the European People's Party.

Now, I was discreet, but let me assure you and assure my esteemed Turkish colleagues that I will be less discreet next time if I'm provoked.

Thank you, thank you, Mr Chairman.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:19:36

Okay, now let's move to the next speaker.

Is Ms Yuliia OVCHYNNYKOVA available online or in the hemicycle?

Mme Yuliia OVCHYNNYKOVA

Ukraine, ADLE

17:19:49

Dear Mr Chair,

Dear rapporteur,

Dear colleagues,

The report we are discussing today is fundamental for the Council of Europe, for the Assembly of the democratic states in Europe, and of course for our country. Ukraine has protected democracy and peace at the cost of hundreds of lives, thousands of suffering, and millions displaced.

I am an example of a twice displaced person. I'm Ukrainian, I'm a woman, and I absolutely understand the price is extremely very high.

Democracy should not be taken for granted. It should be fought for. These words, the president of Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelensky, addressed to the United States Congress a year ago.

Today, Ukrainians are literally doing that they are bravely fighting for their sovereignty, as a democratic state, for the rights and freedoms of the democratic society.

Today, finally the Council of Europe doesn't have a member which violates the Statute and fundamental democratic values and principles.

I want to thank the Assembly and the entire global international community that supports Ukraine today and stands for genuine democracy, democratic values and democratic security, together with us.

That's why the resolution and the recommendation are very important today. The call for the member states to renew their commitment to save and promote democracy based on the principal of individual freedom, political liberty, the rule of law, and pursuit of peace, is more than just fantastic rhetoric. It must be the core of the democratic institution.

All the actions proposed are important. But two of them are key. Education and good governance.

Education, for the democratic citizens, is not enough the system of education. The relationship in the system should be more democratic by nature, more open, inclusive, and encourage flexible support. Education requires more critical thinking, more open-mindedness, more respect to individuals, more ethics and integrity at every stage, and less pressure or strictly formal or informal barriers. Education for a democratic society is not a subject of a workshop, it's the system itself.

So we may see how the Russian troops are destroying the Ukrainian schools, burning Ukrainians books. How do they want to force teachers at schools and principals to start the education process by the Russian programmes?

As Nelson Mandela said, education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world. I understand I was the acting dean of the first displaced University. I absolutely understand the meaning of these words.

So the second key element of safeguarding democracy is good governance. At all levels, member states must renew their commitment to the Council of Europe's principles of good democratic governance, and eliminate behaviours.

After all, I want to thank every parliament, every person and member of PACE. Thank you for your incredible support. Glory to Ukraine.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:23:05

Thank you too. And please can we send our greetings to those members who stayed in Ukraine who could not attend this session. 

Now is Ms Nerea AHEDO from Spain available? I do not see her in her usual seat. She does not seem to be here. Anyhow that concludes the list of speakers. 

Now I call Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ, our rapporteur to reply to the debate in three minutes.

Mme Marie-Christine DALLOZ

France, PPE/DC, Rapporteure

17:23:43

Thank you, Mr President.

I would like to thank all those who have spoken on this subject.

I have heard congratulations and I am very sensitive to your positive remarks. I have also heard constructive remarks, remarks that tended to improve the scope of this motion for a resolution and report. I believe that we must be very careful in this matter.

You will have noticed that at no time did I mention any country in the negative examples. I just mentioned, of course, Russia's aggression in relation to Ukraine, but at no time did I mention any country, because throwing negative elements into a report like that..., I think that everyone could have had at least one criterion on a specific subject. I chose not to stigmatize anyone, because I think that democracy is the business of all of us. All of us. That's it.

Political will is essential to guarantee and ensure a true democracy. I believe that this is what we must remember: it is a political will. The danger comes when this will is not there or when it is not present enough. This was pointed out by Mr Hişyar ÖZSOY.

The idea of the platform: I have been questioned several times about what my vision of the platform consists of. It is about identifying good practices because — let's not be too pessimistic either— there are good practices. We just need to put them forward, to identify them, thanks to the suggestions — for example — of the civil society. A platform is just a place where we exchange; it is something that is computerised and where we will exchange — while avoiding excesses, of course. It is an inclusive element.

Of course, I recognize that the Council of Europe has many mechanisms and tools, but we have to admit that despite these tools, despite these devices, democracy is going backwards. I, therefore, propose to initiate a reflection — we are at the stage of reflection —, a momentum to propose it to the Committee of Ministers. I believe that taking ownership of this element would be its role.

Finally, the work within our Sub-Commission on Democracy is perhaps also at stake in this proposal.

To conclude, I would like to say that everyone here has been elected and that, in an election, it is a moment in time when you are called into question: you win or you lose; you are in the majority or you are in the opposition. We have all had this experience. Well, I would like to remind you that democracy is not the dictatorship of the majority. Democratic legitimacy is not only about winning an election: it is about a principle, a practice of democratic governance in the exercise of power and in the functioning of institutions.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:27:23

Thank you, Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ.

Now, does the Chairperson of the Committee, Mr Vladimir VARDANYAN, wish to speak?

I'm sorry. Mr Zsolt NÉMETH.

M. Zsolt NÉMETH

Hongrie, CE/AD, Président de la Commission des questions politiques et de la démocratie

17:27:35

Thank you, Mr Ahmet YILDIZ.

Dear Colleagues,

The report that the Committee on Political Affairs and Democracy is presenting to you today is a wake-up call for all Council of Europe member States. It is a wake-up call to say that we have to do more, a lot more, to realise genuine democracy in Europe and realise much more active participation of our citizens.

This is not only a commitment we have towards our citizens but also our responsibility towards each other as member States.

The Russian Federation's aggression against Ukraine is painfully reminding us that failing to realise genuine democracy can have disastrous consequences. Without genuine democracy, there is no democratic security, and without democratic security, there is no peace. Therefore, emptying, and weakening of democracy from the right or left equally, which is underlined in the report, is a dangerous trend we must reverse. The erosion and loss of confidence in democratic institutions is an issue we should take very seriously and address adequately. I would like to thank the rapporteur Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ for addressing this crucial issue so skillfully by adopting a comprehensive approach and identifying common issues of concern. The Council of Europe, as she said, is not a place to stigmatise or educate member States, but a place to find common solutions, to common challenges. I am very glad that most of our members could respect this principle throughout this discussion we have been participating. The Committee fully supported her approach and adopted unanimously the draft resolution and the draft recommendation, which you have in front of you.

Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ, and under her lead, the Committee have devoted a great deal of energy to this report including a very interesting hearing, as well as an exchange of views with the president of the Venice Commission, where we discussed trends, challenges and opportunities for democracy. Indeed, democracy is challenged internally, externally, but it has, we believe, the necessary resilience, flexibility and security awareness to deal successfully with these challenges, while remaining committed to respecting individuals' freedoms and the rule of law. It also has the resilience and flexibility to deal with citizens' needs and expectations. Genuine democracy without adjectives is the only way forward.

Thank you very much for your attention.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:30:42

Thank you, Mr Zsolt NÉMETH.

With these genuine statements from both rapporteur and chairperson.

The debate is closed.

Now, the Committee on Political Affairs and Democracy has presented a draft resolution [Doc. 15486] to which 11 Amendments and 1 Sub-Amendment have been tabled and also a draft recommendation [Doc. 15486] to which no Amendments have been tabled.

May I remind you that speeches on Amendments are limited to 1 minute. I ask parliamentarians participating remotely to ask for the floor only when they have to support their own Amendment or wish to speak against an Amendment.

We will start with consideration of the draft resolution, and then we will consider the draft recommendation.

I understand that the Chairperson of the Committee on Political Affairs and Democracy wishes to propose to the Assembly that Amendments 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 9 to the draft resolution and Amendments which were unanimously approved by the Committee, should be declared as agreed by the Assembly. 

Is that so, Mr Zsolt NÉMETH?

Does anyone object

No.

As there is no objection, I declare that Amendments 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 9 to the draft resolution have been agreed unanimously. 

 

We will now consider the remaining Amendments to the resolution individually, and then we will come to the draft recommendation. The Amendments will be taken in the order in which they appear in the Compendium.

Starting with Amendment 1.

May I call Mr Vladimir VARDANYAN to SUPPORT amendment 1 on behalf of the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights? In 1 minute.

Vote : Sauvegarder et promouvoir la démocratie véritable en Europe

M. Vladimir VARDANYAN

Arménie, PPE/DC, Rapporteur pour avis

17:33:07

Thank you, Mr Chair.

On behalf of the Committee, I would like to propose the following Amendment. The Committee proposed to refer to "other human rights" in Paragraph 2 together with the principles of individual freedom, political liberty, and the rule of law. This was initially proposed by the member of the Committee Mr George KATROUGALOS and we are deemed this proposal as the possibility of considering the Statute of our organisation as a living instrument which is also intended to protect other human rights.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:33:42

Thank you.

Does anyone wish to speak against Amendment 1?

Yes.

M. Claude KERN

France, ADLE

17:33:52

Mister President,

I would like to speak against it. It seems to me that if we adopt this amendment, we are effectively changing the terms of the statutes of our institution that are included in this paragraph.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:34:08

Thank you.

Now may I ask the opinion of the Committee?

M. Zsolt NÉMETH

Hongrie, CE/AD, Président de la Commission des questions politiques et de la démocratie

17:34:13

The Committee is in favour.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:34:16

The Committee is in favour of the Amendment.

 

I shall now put the amendment to the vote.

The vote in the hemicycle and via remote voting is now open.

Now I close the vote and ask for the results to be displayed.

 

With 52 in favour, 6 against, 5 abstentions, the Amendment 1 is carried.

 

Now, coming to Amendment 10, I think there is a sub-amendment. Sub-Amendment 1.

May I call Ms Boriana ÅBERG to support Sub-Amendment 1? In 1 minute.

Mme Annicka ENGBLOM

Suède, PPE/DC

17:35:41

Thank you, dear colleagues.

Amendment 10 reiterates or underlines the importance of member states from refraining from the use of force or the threat of force in resolving both internal and international conflicts. It seems it might be obvious, but it needs to be underlined. It cannot be underlined often enough.

I would like to add that I am okay with the sub-Amendment.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:36:22

Now, who will support the sub-amendment? Ms Marie-Christine DALLOZ.

Mme Marie-Christine DALLOZ

France, PPE/DC

17:36:30

Yes, the idea was without doubt to simplify the sentence: this sub-amendment is just semantics. It is to replace what was just said by "any Member State should refrain from the use of force". I think it is important to specify this. It is a simplification, so it is a clarifying sub-amendment.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:36:58

Does anyone wish to speak against sub-amendment?

We heard that the mover of the main amendment is in favour or sub-amendment.

Then what is the opinion of the Committee on the sub-amendment?

M. Zsolt NÉMETH

Hongrie, CE/AD, Président de la Commission des questions politiques et de la démocratie

17:37:13

The Committee is in favour as sub-amended.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:37:18

Now I put the sub-amendment first to the vote.

The Committee and the mover of the main amendment were in favour.

Please vote.

PLEASE CLOSE THE VOTE.

PLEASE DISPLAY THE RESULTS.

With these results: 68 are in favour, 0 against, 2 abstentions. Sub-Amendment 1 to Amendment 10 is agreed.

Now we return to the main amendment, Amendment 10. Does anyone wish to speak against this Amendment 10 as sub-amendmended? There is no objection, I think. What is the opinion of the Committee?

M. Zsolt NÉMETH

Hongrie, CE/AD, Président de la Commission des questions politiques et de la démocratie

17:38:33

The Committee is in favour.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:38:34

The Committee is in favour.

Now I put Amendment 10, as amended, to the vote, both in the hemicycle and via remote.

Please, open the vote.

I close the vote. Waiting for the results.

With this results displayed, Amendment 10 is carried.

 

Now we are on Amendment 4.

I call Mr Vladimir VARDANYAN to support Amendment 4 on behalf of the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights.

You have 1 minute.

M. Vladimir VARDANYAN

Arménie, PPE/DC, Rapporteur pour avis

17:40:03

Thank you, Mister Chair.

This is a purely linguistic amendment, actually. The Committee proposed in paragraph 6, to replace the phrase "is heedful of" with the word "understands". This is, as I mentioned, purely linguistic and only in English to reflect better the original word in French "est sensible aux critiques", which was also initially proposed by the member of the Committee Mr George KATROUGALOS. Since I'm not a native speaker, it is very complicated to answer what is the precise translation. The majority of our Committee was in favour of this amendment.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:40:42

Does anyone wish to speak against this amendment?

No.

And the opinion of the Committee, please?

M. Zsolt NÉMETH

Hongrie, CE/AD, Président de la Commission des questions politiques et de la démocratie

17:40:55

The Committee is against the amendment.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:41:03

The Committee is against Amendment 4.

Now I put the Amendment to the vote, in the hemicycle and by remote voting.

The vote is open

The vote is closed

Please display the results.

The Amendment is rejected.

Now, moving to Amendment 11.

I call Ms Boriana ÅBERG to support Amendment 11 in 1 minute.

Mme Annicka ENGBLOM

Suède, PPE/DC

17:42:13

Now, this might need a little bit of... I am surprised that it wasn't carried, because it's underlines the fundamental importance of a country's own constitution and the importance of refraining from misuse of a country's constitution, that is, that any of our countries can fall under the lead of a less democratic regime which might, for instance, change the constitution for lifetime appointments, or transfer the power to family members. This should be heavily criticised. It is a statement by the Assembly and nothing else to acknowledge this kind of criticism. Now, the apparent most recent example for misuse of this sort is Russia.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:43:17

Thank you.

Does anyone wish to speak against Amendment 11.

Madam Rapporteur?

Mme Marie-Christine DALLOZ

France, PPE/DC

17:43:25

Yes, thank you, Mr President.

I understand what the author of the amendment is denouncing. Except that when we look at the facts, we are saying that the Assembly is sensitive to the criticisms of the institutions that have not been able to respond to the different challenges, but that, at the same time, these criticisms are the result of a manipulation. The way it is written, we cannot accept the idea that the criticism is the result of manipulation.

I believe that we must recognise that our fellow citizens are dissatisfied, that we must respond to their expectations while respecting the principles of democracy.

But be careful: I think that this amendment can be interpreted in a dangerous way. That's it.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:44:21

The opinion of the Committee, please?

M. Zsolt NÉMETH

Hongrie, CE/AD, Président de la Commission des questions politiques et de la démocratie

17:44:25

The Committee is against.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:44:28

So the rapporteur is against. The Committee is against.

I now put Amendment 11 to the vote.

The vote in the hemicycle and via remote voting is open.

The vote is closed.

Show the results.

Okay.

With this result, the amendment is rejected.

Now we are in Amendment 8.

I call Mr Vladimir VARDANYAN to support Amendment 8 on behalf of the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights, in one minute.

M. Vladimir VARDANYAN

Arménie, PPE/DC, Rapporteur pour avis

17:45:40

Thank you, Mr Chair.

The amendment actually proposed by the Committee is to replace paragraph 8.6 with the paragraph and sub-paragraphs in order to highlight the importance of an independent and impartial judiciary for the rule of law.

At the same time, we actually agree with the proposed idea of the subparagraph, but we cannot agree with the proposed wording in the draft resolution concerning the limitation of the executive or to the legislator to appoint judges since the institutional settings of many member states provides that the judges must be elected by the parliaments or formally appointed by the executive. We propose, however, that the state should abolish the ability of these branches of power to make an arbitrary appointment of judges together with the power to transfer or dismiss judges from one court to another. 

This is the aim and text of the amendment.

Thank you.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:46:42

Does anyone wish to speak against Amendment 8?

If not, may I ask the opinion of the Committee?

M. Zsolt NÉMETH

Hongrie, CE/AD, Président de la Commission des questions politiques et de la démocratie

17:46:53

The Committee is in favour.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI, Président de l'Assemblée

17:46:57

The Committee is in favour.

Now I put the Amendment to the vote in the hemicycle and via the remote system.

The vote is open.

The vote is closed.

Waiting for the results.

The Amendment is carried with 63 votes in favour, 1 against, 6 abstentions.

 

Now we finished the amendment, and now proceed to the vote on the draft resolution contained in Doc. 15486 as amended.

For adoption, a simple majority is required.

The vote in the hemicycle and via remote voting is now open. Please cast your votes.

Now I close the vote and ask for the results.

The draft resolution is adopted with 72 votes in favour, 0 against, 5 abstentions.

Congratulations.

 

Now we will proceed to vote on the draft recommendation contained in Doc. 15486.

As we mentioned in the beginning, there are no amendments.

Members present in the chamber should use the hemicycle voting system. Members participating remotely should vote using the remote voting system.

The vote is now open both in the hemicycle and via the remote voting system.

Please cast your votes on the draft recommendation.

I close the vote and request the results.

The draft recommendation is adopted with 72 votes in favour, 0 against, 5 abstentions.

I thank everybody for a genuine discussion, a genuine debate, and genuine democracy.

Congratulations for the rapporteur and the Committee.

Débat : Le respect des obligations et engagements de la Géorgie

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

17:54:45

The next item of business on this afternoon's agenda is the debate on the Report titled “The Honouring of Obligations and Commitments in Georgia” (Document 15497) presented by Mr Titus CORLĂŢEAN and Mr Claude KERN of the Committee on Political Affairs and Democracy.

In order to finish by 7:30 p.m., I will interrupt the list of speakers at about 7:10 p.m. to allow time for the replies and the vote on the amendments and the draft resolution.

We will begin with Mr Titus CORLĂŢEAN and Mr Claude KERN. The rapporteurs have 5 minutes each, I understand that this has been agreed to, and then they will have a further 3 minutes each to reply at the end of the debate.

If we can agree on that then I call Mr Titus CORLĂŢEAN to start the debate.

Mister Titus, you have the floor.

M. Titus CORLĂŢEAN

Roumanie, SOC, Co-Rapporteur

17:55:51

Mr Chairman,

Dear Colleagues,

Today we are presenting you with a comprehensive monitoring report on the implementation of Georgia's obligations and commitments. This report was prepared based on multiple visits to Georgia and countless meetings with stakeholders and Georgia's friends and partners. It was originally scheduled to be submitted in the spring of 2020 but was delayed due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

This report is based on the excellent co-operation between us, the rapporteurs, and the different Georgian stakeholders —authorities, ruling majority, opposition and civil society. We would like to thank all these forces for their co-operation, their ideas, and their willingness and availability to meet with us.

The willingness of the Georgian authorities and political forces to meet and dialogue with us is a characteristic of the follow-up procedure for this country, for which we are grateful. The result of this co-operation and dialogue is the report and the draft resolution that you have before you.

M. Titus CORLĂŢEAN

Roumanie, SOC, Co-Rapporteur

17:57:04

Mister President, 

Colleagues,

Georgia has continued to make marked progress in honouring its obligations and commitments to the Council of Europe during the reporting period, continuing a tradition that was also noted in previous reports. At the same time as outlined in the report, a number of concerns and shortcomings remain to be addressed before the country can move to a post-monitoring dialogue. 

Nevertheless, the progress made should be recognised. Therefore, in the report, we have provided the country without a concrete perspective and the outstanding commitments and concerns that remain to be addressed for the country to progress to the post-monitoring dialogue. 

However, it should be clear that this is conditional on two important aspects. First, there should be no regrets about the progress made to date. Secondly, this needs the full commitment and commensurate political will of both ruling authorities, as well as the opposition to honouring the country's obligations and commitments and not on the authorities or the opposition alone. It needs co-operation between the political forces and this, unfortunately, remains a challenge. That remains a challenge as the extremely polarised political environment is an increasingly serious concern. This political environment driven by zero-sum political strategies and a lack of accommodation between the opposition and the ruling majority for their rightful roles precludes the constructive co-operation between them, affects the implementation of crucial reforms. It is an impediment to Georgia's political consolidation.

All political forces, opposition and ruling majority alike bear responsibility for this. We, therefore, call on all political forces in the country to place the good of the nation over any narrow party political strategies and to co-operate together, to honour the country's membership obligations and accession commitments.

As we have said, marked progress has been made. A key Improvement has been the new constitutional framework following the adoption of the constitutional amendments in 2017. This new constitution forms a solid basis for the checks and balances in the country as well as the independence of the judiciary. Its adoption, even if the process could be more inclusive, should be welcomed. 

However, we have regretted the lack of consensus over the timing of a fully proportional election system, which has been an issue that has continued to divide the political forces and society. We are, therefore, glad that this proportional election system which has been a long-standing recommendation by the Assembly will now come into force as of the next general elections in 2024. All political forces should now co-operate to implement this system in practice based on broad consultations and a wide consensus between all stakeholders. When that has been done, the long-lasting debate over the election system for the country will, hopefully, finally have been laid to rest.

Despite this, elections in the country have been a source of tensions and contentions which need to be overcome. We have made a series of recommendations in this respect, which we urge all stakeholders to address. The reform of the judiciary has been a priority for the authorities and much has been achieved in the four waves of reforms that have been implemented.

However, a number of concerns remain that affect the genuine independence and impartiality of the judiciary leading to allegations of instrumentalisation of the justice system and affecting the public trust in this important institution. We, therefore, recommend that the authorities organise a truly independent evaluation with the participation of the Council of Europe and other international partners of the first four phases of judiciary reforms, taking stock of the progress made but also identifying areas where future action is necessary. In this respect, we wish to highlight the need for further reform of the High Council of Justice whose function is widely seen as an obstacle to the independence and the impartiality of the justice system. 

Our specific recommendation to move the appointment of court presidents from the High Council of Justice to an election by their peers is, therefore, so important as this is seen as an important mechanism for the High Council of Justice to exert control over the judiciary. 

In our report and resolution, we make a number of concrete proposals that we urge the authorities to consider including the drafting of a new law on administrative offences as the current one is from the Soviet era and is widely considered to be deficient and outdated. 

Thank you. 

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:02:08

Thank you very much.

Now I give the floor to Mr Claude KERN.

Claude?

M. Claude KERN

France, ADLE, Corapporteur

18:02:13

Thank you, Mr President.

Georgia is widely regarded as an example for the region in terms of freedom of expression and media freedom. This situation has improved with the lowering of barriers to entry into the media market, which has promoted its pluralism, although — unfortunately — the media environment reflects the country's highly polarised political climate, as evidenced by the harsh and contentious tone and rhetoric of some of the media.

We also noted that some actions by the authorities have had a negative impact on this pluralism, and we therefore encourage the authorities to consider and weigh the possible effects on pluralism and media freedom of all actions and policies that affect the media environment.

In this regard, we called for strengthening the independence and impartiality of the Georgian National Communications Commission and public broadcasters, as well as for the development of a comprehensive and adequate legal and regulatory framework to combat hate speech.

In this context, we would also like to stress our concern about the growing intolerance and violent acts against members of the LGBTI community in Georgia. Despite some recent progress, the authorities have not yet responded satisfactorily to these actions and clear signals must be sent that there can be no impunity for such despicable acts, including for those who incite and encourage such heinous actions.

This issue was also highlighted in the recent report of the Equality Commission, whose conclusions we fully share. There are still two formal accession-related commitments to be addressed, namely the repatriation of the deported Meskhetian population and the signing and ratification of the Charter for Regional and Minority Languages.

On the Meskhetian issue, much progress has been made, although for several reasons, many of which are beyond the control of the Georgian authorities, the actual number of repatriated families is still low. We therefore suggest that if the authorities formally commit to a full assessment of the repatriation framework and strategy, the Assembly considers this commitment closed.

As for the language charter, we understand that this is a sensitive issue, but we urge the authorities and all political forces in the country to sign and ratify the charter as soon as possible, especially since most of Georgia's policies and legal framework are already consistent with the charter. We have received positive signals from the authorities and the opposition and we hope that this will lead to concrete results.

Finally, Georgia has a number of independent bodies that perform an important monitoring function and are an indispensable part of the country's checks and balances. Unfortunately, the reports prepared by its institutions in the framework of the constitutional mission are often misunderstood or interpreted as oppositional activities, which leads to increasingly acrimonious relations with and even attacks by members of the ruling majority. This even led to the unexpected and controversial decision to abolish the State Inspection Service on December 24 last year.

In this regard, we would like to emphasise the important role played by the current Georgian Public Defender and the way he performs his duties. We regret any action aimed at undermining or obstructing the work of this important institution and we immediately call upon all political forces to ensure that his successor — as his term of office is about to expire — is appointed in a non-partisan manner, based on the broadest possible consensus and support within Georgian society, as was the case in the appointment of the current Ombudswoman.

Mr Chairman, we would like to conclude our statement by repeating what we said at the beginning: despite a number of concerns and shortcomings, some of which are serious, Georgia has continued to make significant and steady progress in fulfilling its accession commitments and membership obligations. While we recommend the continuation of the monitoring process at this time, we also believe that the country should be given a clear perspective to engage in a post-monitoring dialogue.

In our draft resolution and accompanying report, we have listed concrete recommendations that should be implemented to make this happen, and we hope that it will happen in the near future.

Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:06:57

Thank you, Mr. Claude KERN and Mr. Titus CORLĂŢEAN, for your presentations and for your good work regarding our member state, Georgia.

I now open the debate.

The next speaker is Mr. Andrej HUNKO from Germany on behalf of the Group of the Unified European Left.

Mr. Andrej HUNKO, you have the floor.

M. Andrej HUNKO

Allemagne, GUE, Porte-parole du groupe

18:07:25

Thank you very much, Mr President,

Many thanks also to the two rapporteurs, Mr Titus CORLĂŢEAN and Mr Claude KERN,

I would like to say perhaps at the outset that I find the report balanced, and that it also contains the right orientations and recommendations.

In essence, you can say that this report, this resolution says; there is progress in Georgia, but there are still many problems. You can say it in other ways, but that is sort of the core direction of this report, and I want to underline that.

I myself had the honour of leading an election monitoring mission in Georgia in 2018 — and the perceptions I had there are pretty much exactly the same as what I have now also read here in this resolution.

Georgia is a country that, in my view, is basically moving in the right direction in terms of democracy and the rule of law. We have also seen a transition from a presidential system to a more parliamentary system, and that is all the more remarkable because internationally we have the opposite tendency and two large neighbours of Georgia are also developing in the opposite direction. I think this must be acknowledged and emphasized. But I also want to emphasize what is also expressed here directly in 2.2; that the political landscape is extremely polarised — and unhealthily polarised. I was also able to observe that at the time, and also after the last parliamentary election, there was, after all, a six-month boycott and that is completely —I want to underline that again in the last sentence —, what is said here; that it is not only a question of legislation, but also of political culture in this country. And everyone — the parties, the government, the opposition — have a responsibility to implement that.

I would also like to underline that it would be desirable for Georgia to develop a truly proportional parliamentary system, and perhaps I would like to conclude by reminding you of something that also somewhat reflects the previous debate we had on real democracy. Namely, that it is always a problem when there is very great poverty in a country and, on the other hand, great wealth has great control, so to speak, over politics. I had also made that in the statement at the time. The bottom line; this report goes in the right direction, the resolution is balanced, the demands are reasonable and we support this report.

Thank you very much.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:10:49

Thank you, Andrej.

Next in the debate I call Mr Stefan SCHENNACH on behalf of the Socialists, Democrats and Greens Group.

Stefan, you have the floor.

M. Stefan SCHENNACH

Autriche, SOC, Porte-parole du groupe

18:11:01

Thank you, Mr President,

I congratulate the two rapporteurs, first of all not only for their intensive work but also for this report — which also gives some hope for positive development.

As a former Chairman of the Monitoring Committee, I was also very intensively involved with Georgia and I was also an election observer at the time when the Georgian Dream won the first time and chased away the government of Mikheil Saakashvili. Despite all this, there are still some promises to be kept. One of the most important promises — we remember — was full prisons under Mikheil Saakashvili, and we still have too many people in prisons. Although — a very big compliment to Georgia — they have put together a great judicial reform in some areas, especially when it comes to juvenile justice, juvenile judiciary.

I remember even in the neighbouring country, I advised President İlham Əliyev to take the expertise — or not only the expertise, but also the model —from Georgia here.

Something else is the media and the judiciary. This, dear people of Georgia, will prevent a bit the process of a post-monitoring: as long as the media and judiciary are not really independent. There is still political influence on the judiciary. Here we need piece by piece a corresponding independence. And what the previous speaker also mentioned, what the two rapporteurs also mentioned, what always surprised me; in Tbilisi, there is such a good living — there is a district; Armenians and Azeris have been living peacefully together there for generations, Israelis and Iranians come and meet in Tbilisi. But at the same time, within the parties — between the opposition and the government — there is such extreme polarisation, and you are also bombarded incessantly. You all, dear Georgians, want to go to a post-monitoring; with this polarisation, you have to find a way out, it can't be.

But I also congratulate you on the adoption and the implementation of the Istanbul Convention, which is also not the normal thing. And Mr Claude KERN has already mentioned it: the situation for LGBTIQ people is appalling and there is an urgent need for action here.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:14:22

Thank you, Mr Stefan SCHENNACH

Now in the debate, I call Ms Khatia DEKANOIDZE, from Georgia. She speaks on behalf of the European People's Party.

Mme Khatia DEKANOIDZE

Géorgie, PPE/DC, Porte-parole du groupe

18:14:34

Thank you, Mister President.

Well, first of all, let me thank you our colleagues, for the report which gives a full overview of significant and important issues in Georgia.

As we understand, and my colleagues definitely know, Georgians share the values and aspirations we all represent in this noble organisation, and the Georgian public made their Euro-Atlantic ambitions abundantly clear. But we also have to remember that 20% of the Georgian territory is occupied, and Georgian citizens in the occupied territory face a humanitarian crisis on a daily basis.

The Russian government's strategy for Georgia's destabilisation and dysfunctional political climate is marred with obstacles for Georgia, and the public, to achieve a fully functioning democracy. It has been this way for years.

And actually, when we're talking about the polarisation – I totally agree with my colleagues, that there is extreme polarisation – but also I have to underline several issues. I want to just give these words expression; if you want to decrease polarisation, we can't keep former presidents in the prison, we can't keep political imprisonment in Georgia, and we can't have an oligarchy system shadow the Georgian territory and Georgian country.

Actually, Mikheil Saakashvili, who had been warning the world in 2008 that there will be a huge threat to Ukraine and to Europe. Right now, he's in prison. I urge you and I call you, my colleagues, to be involved, as the Council of Europe, for the humanitarian solution of the problem; to transfer him as his health is kind of deteriorating very seriously.

We can de-polarise the situation. I will agree totally with that when we do not have political prisoners. It's like in the report, in the 10th or 9th, I don't remember exactly, you have mentioned the same. While we're talking about the challenges Georgia faces, we talk about not only external threats but also internal threats; justice, which is very political; and also state institutions and the political party, the ruling political party, which are definitely merged together.

And, I was a candidate when I was running in the local elections, I have seen it in the elections. So, unfortunately, this month was definitely a historical month for my country. We applied for EU integration, we applied together with Ukraine and Moldova. I definitely dream, as a Georgian, that my country will become a member of the European family.

But, we all have to remember that your help and assistance to get rid of oligarchy, not only in Georgia but all European countries, is the number one issue and number one challenge for the future of Georgia and democracy.

Lastly, I know some Ukrainian colleagues and let me tell them that, despite the Georgian government's position to Ukraine, Georgia and its people consider Ukrainian pain as their own pain.

Georgian Parliament did not give the floor to President Zelenskyy, but I want to underline that the Georgian people are here with you and definitely, your pain is our pain, and your European future is our European future.

Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:18:29

Thank you, Ms Khatia DEKANOIDZE.

The next speaker on the list is Mr Bob van PAREREN, from the Netherlands, and he speaks on behalf of European Conservatives Group and Democratic Alliance.

Mr Bob van PAREREN, you have the floor.

M. Bob van PAREREN

Pays-Bas, CE/AD, Porte-parole du groupe

18:18:40

Thank you, Mr Chairman.

I replaced Mr Dmytro NATALUKHA from Ukraine today. He has to return to Ukraine. That's why I'm here. I'm pleased to present my thoughts, and especially our thoughts.

We looked at the situation of Georgia, and since the entry to the Council of Europe, Georgia has made constant and substantial progress in honouring its membership obligations and entry commitments to the Council of Europe. We appreciate that very much.

However, some concerns remain that need to be addressed. Any change requires the total commitment, and as it has been said already, a political will; including a willingness to work together, from both the ruling authorities as well as the opposition.

We encourage all political parties to place the nation's common interests above any narrow party-political strategies. This is more important as many of the required changes cannot be simply legislated.

Another point: continuous efforts are necessary to ensure a genuinely independent and impartial judiciary.

In this context, the function of The High Court of Justice, which is now a key obstacle to real independent and impartial judiciary, remains a key concern. This needs to be addressed, in our view, as a priority.

The complete reform of The Law of Administrative Offences, which dates from the Soviet era, is long overdue and needs to be implemented without delay.

Further and continuing efforts are needed to address any deficiencies in the human rights protection framework, and to ensure that considerable progress made in this respect is robust and irreversible.

Some comments. The autonomy of independence of all human rights, and protection mechanisms, especially the Ombudsperson Institution, should be fully respected and reinforced where needed.

Democratic Georgia is an integral part of Europe. Still, I ask you to pay attention to the fact that membership of the Council of Europe implies not only the strict implementation of formal procedures, but also adherence as a country to the principals.

The countries of the Council of Europe excluded Russia due to its aggression against Ukraine.

I know that the people, and it's that already, of Georgia support Ukraine in this fight against illegal aggression. But we ask the Georgian government to also intensify its efforts to show its commitment to the values of democracy, peace, and freedom.

Thank you, Chairman.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:21:54

Thank you, Mr Bob van PAREREN.

The next speaker on our list on behalf of the political groups Mr Iulian BULAI from Romania. He speaks on behalf of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe. Iulian, you have the floor.

M. Iulian BULAI

Roumanie, ADLE, Porte-parole du groupe

18:22:10

Thank you so much, Mr President,

Dear colleagues, 

Allow me to first thank our rapporteurs, Mr Titus CORLĂŢEAN and Mr Claude KERN, for authoring this important document.

I would like to congratulate our colleagues from Georgia on the progress that the report notices on the electoral reform and the strengthening of parliamentary oversight of the power of parliament as the democratic representative of the people.

Many of the observations that the rapporteurs make sound eerily familiar to me and to Mr Titus CORLĂŢEAN and I have no doubt. A polarised political environment, a limited capacity of the parliament to exercise control over security secret services. The uncontrolled proliferation of hate speech in all its forms. We all know well how a lack of co-operation and constructive dialogue between the ruling coalition and the opposition can jeopardise democratic processes and finding the best solutions for complex societal issues.

What the report calls a zero-sum political strategy in Georgia, is the aspect that has troubled me the most. This kind of political environment in which elections are referenda on the ruling parties, not competitions between alternative visions of national development, can only hamper the consolidation of democracy, crucial reforms and honouring Georgia's membership obligations and accession commitments.

I have to stress how something we are all aware of, since the beginning of the work of this report, a war has started in Europe. A bloodier and more intense version of something that had already happened in Georgia in 2008 with the Russian occupation of South Ossetia and Abkhazia.

In this new context, the situation of the occupied territories of Georgia became even more serious for the whole continent and the most robust way for Georgia to protect itself is to leave aside petty politicisation and strengthen its democratic processes and frameworks. I too welcome that a fully professional election system will be introduced as far from the 2024 parliamentary elections. But 2024 is still a long time from now and the legal system does not guarantee a functional system by itself.

I trust that, in the meanwhile, Georgian politicians, some of them our colleagues in PACE, will understand that it is not only the commencement of a post-monitoring dialogue with the Council of Europe that is at stake. It is deeply regretful the treatment Georgia employs regarding its minorities. Both the LGBTQ community and the numerous religious groups that do not belong to the majority. I cannot stress enough how we condemn the repression and violence towards these minorities in Georgia.

Real democratic progress in the country, should mean not only the collaboration between the political majority and opposition but also a radical change in the status of LGBTQ and religious minorities. A change of attitude and level of institutional tolerance and a change in the legislation, allowing for the full recognition of their rights and freedoms.

We are here to help and support this progress under the condition of full respect for human rights and minority rights in Georgia.

Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:25:41

Thank you, Mr Iulian BULAI.

Now we continue with the list of speakers.

First in the debate, I call Ms Tamar TALIASHVILI, from Georgia.

Ms Tamar TALIASHVILI, you have the floor.

Mme Tamar TALIASHVILI

Géorgie, SOC

18:25:58

Mister President,

I wish to thank the rapporteurs, Mr Titus CORLĂŢEAN and Mr Claude KERN, for their great effort, intensive visits on the ground, and in-depth analysis of the developments in Georgia over the last 8 years.

These years have been marked with fundamental reforms, as well as substantial changes into the legal, political and social fabric of the Georgian state.

The report emphasises that the recent application for EU membership, that came after the signing of the Association Agreement with the EU in 2014, shows the country’s clear commitment to its Euro-Atlantic integration.

Democratic reforms are part of the European harmonisation obligations. At the same time, the ruling party, perceives these reforms to be the genuine choice of the Georgian people who have decided not to be content until freedom and democracy are secured.

Georgian people rejected the instrumentalisation of the state institutions to suppress people's voices through torture, inhuman and degrading punishments of the people, practised before 2012. The report welcomes reforms adopted to significantly reduce the excessive use of pre-trial detention. It underscores that the number of has gone up considerably.

Indeed, acquittals increased six times in the national judicial system, while the ratio of pre-trial and administrative detention decreased three times. The number of prisoners was reduced by two and a half times, and their mortality rate decreased by 12 times.

The constitutional reform, welcomed in the report, establishes a full parliamentary political system that strengthened the separation of powers to ensure that usurpation and abuse of the presidential powers, practised before 2012, will not happen again.

By abolishing the state suppression mechanisms, other areas underscored in the report also progressed, including media freedom and pluralism, implementation of the Istanbul Convention, electoral reform, juvenile justice and child rights, as well as the people-centred reconciliation strategy with our brothers and sisters in Abkhazia and Tskhinvali regions.

We appreciate that this resolution acknowledges the progress alongside the recommendations and provides the roadmap for the further steps to be undertaken.

Georgia, with its ancient history, today strives for territorial integrity and works for consolidation of democracy whilst Russian troops occupy our regions of Abkhazia and Tskhinvali and Russian destructive soft power through hybrid methods attempts to destabilise the political environment in the country.

The council of Europe has empowered the confidence of our people by acknowledging the small wins and even some big wins in the reform process. This encouragement is so much needed on Georgia’s European pathway that has no alternative.

Thank you very much.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:29:20

Thank you Ms. Tamar TALIASHVILI.

The next speaker is Mr. Frédéric REISS, from France.

You have the floor, Mr. Frédéric REISS.

He is not here, so we will continue.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:29:40

The next speaker in the debate is Mr Oleksii GONCHARENKO from Ukraine.

I do not see him here. Is he online? He is not online.

Things go quickly.

The next speaker in the debate is Mr Ahmet YILDIZ from Turkey.

You have the floor, Mr Ahmet YILDIZ.

M. Ahmet YILDIZ

Turquie, NI

18:30:00

Thank you Mister President,

I would also like to support co-rapporteurs for their excellent work.

As a close neighbour and strategic partner, Georgia’s political stability and prosperity is of fundamental significance to Turkey.

Therefore, I hope that the extremely tense and polarised political environment described in the report, and by some speakers here, can be restored back to normal in the soonest possible time with the constructive co-operation of all political forces for the good of the Georgian people.

As does the Assembly's, Turkey’s support for the territorial integrity of Georgia also remains steadfast.

We want the conflicts in Abkhazia and South Ossetia to be resolved peacefully by upholding the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Georgia within its internationally recognised borders.

We believe that Georgia, and the Georgian people as a whole, have the political will and capability to address all the issues raised in the report.

In this context, the continuing repatriation of the Meskhetian population deported by the Soviet regime is of great importance for Turkey.

Since the repatriation process is complicated, sometimes time-consuming and presents the applicants with different hurdles, as stated in the report, I would like to express that we are ready to work with Georgia to alleviate any practical, administrative or legal barriers that may hinder this process.

Finally, I would like to commend the progress made by Georgia.

Here also again, Mister President, as you know, the Monitoring Committee postponed the visit in Ankara. I repeat my invitation. We are ready to organise anytime and it will show the engagement of the Committee towards my country, as recommended by Ms Dunja Mijatović: engaging, engaging and engaging.

Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:32:22

Thank you, Mr Ahmet YILDIZ.

Next in the debate, I call Mr Rasmus NORDQVIST from Denmark. You have the floor, Mr Rasmus NORDQVIST.

M. Rasmus NORDQVIST

Danemark, SOC

18:32:29

Thank you very much. 

And first of all, congratulations to the two co-rapporteurs on a very good report. It is actually interesting reading and that is always good when you have reports like this, that you turn pages with joy.

But there is one point I need to dive into and that is the LGBTQI situation in Georgia. I think it is very clear when you read the report and when you know the situation on the ground that change does not come only from making a box with legislation. It is a cultural change. And I think it is very sad to see the lack of progress in this area, especially with the events last year. It was shocking to see the Pride Office being attacked as it was. And I was really saddened to see that the authorities were not able to protect the people who wanted to do the Pride March in Tbilisi. We need to see more progress than that. Therefore, I am a bit concerned with the words used in the report, when it comes to the LGBTQI question, as it is only concerned about the intolerance.

I actually condemn it and I condemn that we do not see faster progress in this area in Georgia. I think it is something that should be taken very seriously. It is about, first of all, of course, having the political will to do it; but also making progress with people of authority, training the police to be more sensitive to these questions. So I hope that next time we see a report on Georgia, we will not have to tackle this question, but as it is right now, I think it is more than balanced here. I think it could be stronger in this report. Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:34:28

Thank you, Mr Rasmus NORDQVIST.

Next on our list is Mr Emanuelis ZINGERIS, but I do not see him present.

That means that we now go to the next speaker. It's Mr Givi MIKANADZE, from Georgia.

You have the floor.

M. Givi MIKANADZE

Géorgie, SOC

18:34:49

Thank you.

Dear Mr President,

Honourable colleagues,

First I would like to express high appreciation to the rapporteurs for the significant work conducted for the development of this very important document.

I would like to focus your kind attention on the positive aspects highlighted in the draft resolution, however, express our firm readiness to continue reforms and implementation of those commitments deriving from this resolution.

As an oral assessment, we appreciate the welcoming of the continued and marked progress made by Georgia in honouring its membership obligations and accession commitments.

In this regard, some key areas should be brought to your kind attention.

The draft resolution welcomes the constitutional reform implemented in Georgia which resulted in a much improved constitutional framework that provides a solid basis for the strengthening of the democratic process and the independence of the judiciary in the country. It reiterates its strong support for a fully proportional electoral system for parliamentary elections in Georgia, which in accordance with the constitutional amendment, will be introduced from the 2024 parliamentary elections.

Considering successive elections in Georgia, the draft resolution is in line with the OSCE, and other international observing organisation statements, making an overall assessment that, in general, they have been conducted in line with European standards.

Nevertheless, it should be noted that on an initiative of the ruling party, Georgian Dream, a temporary commission of inquiry on the 2020 parliamentary elections was set up in the parliament from February to July 2021.

Despite numerous offers of the opposition parties to engage in the work of the commission, or at least to provide evidence on their allegations of rigged elections, unfortunately, the invitation did not yield any results.

The commission (comprising of the Georgian Dream and opposition party European Socialists) members conducted a relevant investigation in the most transparent way. Consequently, the parliament has adopted a conclusion and a resolution stating that there had been a number of technical mistakes which could not have impacted the overall results of the elections and that the election had been conducted in line with the acting legislation, and the result had been fully in line with the free choice of the voters.

The draft resolution highlights the consensual adoption of the new rules of procedure of the parliament, which is an important instrument to strengthen parliamentary oversight that has already shown positive dynamics.

Ministerial hours, interpellation, and other oversight mechanisms, have been introduced with the new rules of procedure, all of which have been since effectively put into practice by the parliament.

The draft resolution welcomes Georgia's commitment to fight corruption and encourages the authorities to continue their efforts concerning corruption.

In accordance with the Global Corruption Index 2021, developed by the world-leading analytical centre and Swiss organisation Global Risk Profile, Georgia has improved in the overall ranking by nine positions, occupies the 41st position among 190 countries, and has better corruption-free results than nine member countries of the EU and NATO.

The draft resolution provides a clear understanding of those developments taking place in Georgia.

Nevertheless, we are committed to making further progress for democratic developments in Georgia, and express our readiness to continue close co-operation with the Council of Europe.

Thank you for your attention.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:38:22

Thank you, Mr Givi MIKANADZE.

Next on our list is Mr Levan IOSELIANI.

You have the floor, Mister Levan.

M. Levan IOSELIANI

Géorgie, NI

18:38:38

Thank you, Mister President.

Thank you to everyone who did a great job creating this report on Georgia. I understand quite well the problems mentioned in the document for which the Georgian Government is responsible.

One of the chapters reviews the Russian aggression against Georgia and its consequences. Yes, Georgia and Georgian people perceive and feel the most about how Russia is acting today in Ukraine. Georgia has experienced military attacks by Russia on its own. Since 2008 Russia has been carrying out creeping occupations and permanently violating the fundamental rights of citizens of Georgia. All these are very visible and tangible. However, at the same time, Russian propaganda is spreading disinformation from all its resources, constantly planning deliberate provocations in order to endanger the democratic development of Georgia. Thus, Russia's politics threaten not only the security and sovereignty of specific countries but also the entire democratic values.

However, despite Russian propaganda, democratic development is the choice of the people of Georgia, and no one can change that. Of course, we have significant problems in many areas, as it is mentioned in the report.

As an opposition MP, I guess how important it is to carry out fundamental reforms to solve all the problematic issues. It is vital that the whole Georgian political spectrum take responsibility for the implementation of judicial reform, further improvement of the pre-election period, creation of a guarantee for the protection of human rights, and development of political institutions.

But I do believe that it will be impossible for Georgian politicians to refuse to carry out any vital reforms, because Western values, democratic development, and moving toward Europe are the declared choice of the Georgian people.

Mister President, since gaining independence, after the three wars with Russia, we, the Georgian people really deserve a European future.

Thank you!

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:40:55

Thank you, Mister Levan.

The last speaker on the list is Mr Irakli CHIKOVANI from Georgia.

You have the floor.

M. Irakli CHIKOVANI

Géorgie, SOC

18:41:04

Thank you, Chairman.

First of all, of course, I have to join all of my colleagues in thanking our rapporteurs. I have to underline that these gentlemen, our colleagues, have a very deep understanding of the situation that is ongoing in Georgia. And I have to underline that they have been dedicated to the issues of Georgia and we always felt the support from their side, also from the Secretariat, to support Georgia on the democratic reforms and to support Georgia when it is necessary and needed.

I would like to address some issues that have been raised and, of course, realising that this report is a report that reflects a number of years, quite a large number of years, I am glad to see and read out that in every aspect there is a positive development and there is a clear understanding that Georgia had made progress. Of course, realising that we need to continue this progress, we cannot revert and this will not be reverted. 

Here, I would like to emphasise that, as discussed in this report, the new constitution of Georgia has provided solid ground. This was the clear transformation of Georgia where we have a truly European constitution where checks and balances are introduced at their highest level. I have to make sure and clearly understand to provide you with the information that a number of times it was mentioned that there is a need for an evaluation of the four waves of the reforms that we had in the judiciary.

I can tell you that already now, Georgian Dream, the majority party, has initiated the rehab process and addressed every political party on the Georgian scene to provide their assessments, of what has been done and what is to be done for the future to improve the judiciary. This process is underway. Of course, I have to also underline and address the issue of the administrative code and I will reflect on and share with you information that already now as we speak the committee on judiciary of the Georgian Parliament has included the revision of this code within its annual national plan for 2022.

Of course, the hate speech is a problem, polarisation is a problem and, frankly, I have to say as a politician, I myself and a number of my colleagues — from the opposition too, I have to say — came as a target of hate speech, came as a target of the bullying. This is a big problem and I think we have to work together and we will continue to work together on these issues.

Here, I have to say at the same time that it is unfortunate to say that there is only one political group, the Group of the European People's Party, that did not see any positive developments in Georgia and I understand why. Because it was represented by a UNM (United National Movement) representative. I do not want to bring the polarisation into this Hemicycle, but I have to say that Georgians are committed to the reforms and that Georgians are committed to the European path. The time allows just a few seconds to say: there will be a number of amendments that are tabled by the ruling majority here for this resolution. I would like to address all of you to support them and, in particular, support those who talk about the situation in the occupied territories of Georgia. Those amendments that clearly provide the update on the recent developments and send a clear message that the occupation, barbarisation and the annexation of the Georgian territories are not acceptable for this organisation. 

Thank you very much.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:44:39

Thank you, Mr Irakli CHIKOVANI.

And this concludes the list of speakers.

Now I call to make their concluding remarks the two co-rapporteurs.

And first I call our co-rapporteur Mr Claude KERN.

Mr Claude KERN, you have the floor.

M. Claude KERN

France, ADLE, Co-Rapporteur

18:44:59

Thank you, Mr President.

Just maybe two remarks, because Mr Titus CORLĂŢEAN will complete the rest.

Regarding the Istanbul Convention, it was indeed signed by Georgia in 2014 but it was also ratified and entered into force in 2017, so it is a country that is very much at the forefront in terms of the Istanbul Convention.

And then regarding the LGBTI issue, we have naturally taken into account the report and we share with you the conclusions of this report of the Commission for Equality. We know that, unfortunately, changes in mentality do not happen overnight. We have discussed with the authorities on this point, there are ongoing investigations, and the investigations are progressing, so we do not interfere there. The authorities have told us that they are ready to get more involved in the LGBTI issue and we will naturally follow this very closely.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:46:11

Thank you, Mr Claude KERN.

Mr Titus CORLĂŢEAN?

M. Titus CORLĂŢEAN

Roumanie, SOC, Co-Rapporteur

18:46:14

Yes, Mister President.

Maybe I will take also 1 extra minute or so from Mr Claude KERN's allowed time.

The first comment. The issue of the extreme polarisation, the issue of hate speech and the issue of political culture that was mentioned by one of the colleagues that took the floor. Is true that during the years this remains the key challenge. And from this challenge, there are several negative consequences, extremely negative consequences.

I can testify the fact that during the years several rapporteurs of this Assembly, including us, we saw different cases, things happening, different individual cases, criminal investigations, detentions and so on, that were extremely, let's say, debated. And this happened, I must be objective, during the years, during different governments, during different political and ideological horizons. What should be learned, and this is the essence of this maybe, this discussion, is the fact that this extreme polarisation and the mistakes that are repeated and repeated during the years are not harmful necessarily for who is powered that moment, because the next time it will be in the opposition. But it is extremely hard for the country itself and for the interest of the nation.

We saw different individual cases, and we discussed it —without entering now into details — in extremely clear terms. The issue of the treatment in custody for the former president Mikheil Saakashvili. Why the rapporteurs are obliged in any country, in any situation, to respect the independence of the judiciary. We discussed it in very clear terms: the treatment, the bad treatment — and we condemned it—, we asked the investigation and we asked to stop the bad treatment and to offer the proper medical assistance. But the issue remained.

This is once again an appeal addressed to all the colleagues powering the opposition to take very seriously into account this issue of extreme polarisation which is harming the essence of the interests of the Georgian population. Because in the end, I will come back very briefly to two things.

The Russian aggression against Georgia and 20% of the territory being occupied by the Russian military forces. I personally was stopped a number of years ago in front of a military base in South Ossetia, accompanied by a EUMM Mission., and not being allowed to enter the sovereign territory of Georgia at least to look at the very delicate humanitarian aspects. And this is a reality. And this is because it's a Russian aggression.

All the time this organisation — and also this report is underlining it and we said it in Tbilisi —strongly supported the territorial integrity, sovereignty and independence. And we should repeat it again and again. It is the case with Ukraine, it is the case with the Republic of Moldova, it is the case with Georgia.

And my final conclusion, precisely because of these challenges, when you are speaking about EU and NATO accession as fundamental goals of Georgia — and we are deeply impressed by the constant high level of support from the Georgia population despite these challenges—, this should be the key element to reunite the efforts of both power and the opposition. These are the key and the goals that should reunite the political efforts and this is one of the fundamental elements to be used to get out of this political extreme polarisation.

Thank you very much, Mister President.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:50:15

Thank you very much.

Mr Claude KERN wants to add one last remark.

Mr Claude KERN, you have the floor.

M. Claude KERN

France, ADLE, Co-Rapporteur

18:50:22

Thank you, Mr President.

Just two small remarks.

The first one concerns the proportional system for elections: 2024 may seem far away but it is not that far away because it corresponds to the next elections.

And then I would like to thank the secretariat of the commission, and mainly Mr Bas Klein for having accompanied us in this heavy task.

Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:50:47

Thank you.

Also thanks a lot to our Secretariat, who helps us to do our work, and without whom we could not do our work.

Does the Vice-Chairman of the Committee wish to speak, Mr Samad SEYIDOV?

You have the floor.

M. Samad SEYIDOV

Azerbaïdjan, CE/AD, Vice-Président de la Commission de suivi

18:51:07

Thank you very much, Mr President.

Dear colleagues,

The rapporteurs have presented us with an extensive report on the honouring of obligation commitments by Georgia.

They have said this report is a fruit of several years of hard work, multiple visits, and as they mentioned, countless meetings with all parts of the Georgian society.

On behalf of the Committee, I want to congratulate them with this report and thank them for their hard work and commitment.

As the rapporteurs have highlighted, the report is based on a well-established dialect and reflects the long-standing and constructive relationship between the Georgian authorities and the delegation on the one hand, and the Monitoring Committee and its rapporteurs on the other.

This dialogue, and the constructive and cordial relationships, are a good example of what our monitoring procedures are and should be all about.

On behalf of the Committee, I would therefore like to thank the Georgian delegation and authorities for this co-operation, their availability, and their ever-present willingness to engage with us.

In this report, and in the resolution before you, the rapporteurs have taken stock of the honouring of the membership obligations and accession commitments of Georgia to the Council of Europe.

They have outlined the ample progress made, but also pointed out the shortcomings and deficiencies which exist, and recommended ways to satisfactorily address these issues. By doing so, they have tried, and in my opinion achieved, to provide a clear and concrete perspective for the country about what needs to be done to move to a post-monitoring dialogue.

On behalf of the Committee I therefore ask you to adopt this resolution and amendments that have been supported by the Committee, which have the full support of the rapporteurs.

Thank you very much, Mr President.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:53:29

Thank you, Mr Samad SEYIDOV.

The debate is now closed. 

The Committee on Political Affairs and Democracy has presented a draft resolution to which ten amendments have been tabled.

I ask parliamentarians participating remotely to ask for the floor only when they have to support their own amendment or wish to speak against an amendment.

I understand that the Vice-Chairperson of the Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Member States of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Committee) wishes to propose to the Assembly that Amendments 2, 5 and 6 to the draft resolution, which were unanimously approved by the Committee, should be declared as agreed by the Assembly. 

Is that so Mr Samad SEYIDOV?

M. Samad SEYIDOV

Azerbaïdjan, CE/AD, Vice-Président de la Commission de suivi

18:54:25

Yes, Mister President.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:54:26

That is the case.

Does anybody object?

There is an objection. If so, please take the floor.

Mme Khatia DEKANOIDZE

Géorgie, PPE/DC

18:54:39

I have to just make an objection about Amendment 2.

In the draft resolution on Paragraph 9, the second sentence after the word "despite" they insert the word "substantial".

I mean, it's changed the whole context. I mean, there is no "substantial".

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:55:08

Okay.

There is an objection, so we'll take them individually – the amendments.

Then, I also understand that the Vice-Chairperson of the Monitoring Committee wishes to propose to the Assembly that Amendments 1, 3 and 4 to the draft resolution, which were rejected by the Committee with a two-thirds majority, be declared as rejected.

Is that so, Mr Samad SEYIDOV?

M. Samad SEYIDOV

Azerbaïdjan, CE/AD, Vice-Président de la Commission de suivi

18:55:42

Yes, Mister President.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:55:44

Thank you very much.

Is there any objection to this proposal?

As nobody objects, the Amendments 1, 3 and 4 to the draft resolution are rejected.

We will now consider the remaining amendments individually.

Amendments will be taken in the order in which they appear in the compendium.

We come to Amendment 2.

I call Mr Irakli CHIKOVANI to support Amendment 2.

You have 1 minute, sir.

M. Irakli CHIKOVANI

Géorgie, SOC

18:56:23

The amendment suggests that we insert the one word "substantial", which is actually the reflection of the report that was produced by the rapporteurs.

Over the years, a number of important changes have taken place and they are in place, although realising that further reforms are needed and this why we suggest that actually truly puts the true picture into the resolution.

Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:56:47

Does anybody wish to speak against the Amendment?

You have the floor.

Mme Khatia DEKANOIDZE

Géorgie, PPE/DC

18:56:54

Yes. Actually this "substantial" means that there was a huge progress. The Venice Commission, and especially after the withdrawal of the Michelle document, and the Michelle document is brokered by the EU, we remember by the GD ruling party.

So actually no substantial reform has been made in the judiciary. And unfortunately, as the report said in Paragraph 10, the political instrumentation of the judicial sector is, kind of, a very huge problem.

That's why I don't think the word "substantial" definitely expresses the idea of the report.

Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:57:37

Thank you very much.

The Committee has unanimously adopted this Amendment.

I now shall put the Amendment to the vote.

The vote is open.

The vote is closed.

Can we see the results?

The Amendment is adopted.

 

I now call Mr Irakli CHIKOVANI to support Amendment 5.

M. Irakli CHIKOVANI

Géorgie, SOC

18:58:35

This is pretty much the same issue. It talks about the further...

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:58:44

Mr rapporteur, a point of order.

M. Titus CORLĂŢEAN

Roumanie, SOC, Co-Rapporteur

18:58:46

Yes, a point order.

If my understanding is good, the only challenge was related to Amendment 2, not to Amendments 5 and 6. So in this case, we should consider that they were approved unanimously by the Committee, and of course, by the Plenary.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

18:59:09

The problem is, Mr Titus CORLĂŢEAN, that it is in our rules a kind of "all or nothing". If the proposal is made and there is an objection then in the end we all have to take them individually.

I advise the Committee on Rules of Procedure, Immunities and Institutional Affairs to take a look at that, but this is for now the situation, so we'll do it this way.

So I call on Mr Irakli CHIKOVANI to support Amendment 5.

M. Irakli CHIKOVANI

Géorgie, SOC

18:59:38

Thank you, Mr Chairman.

This suggests that a number of important changes have taken place in regard to the Georgian National Communications Commission and it truly has been evaluated as part of the good legislations that we have, not only within our region but also in general. Of course, realising and understanding, of the intent that is provided by the rapporteur and the Committee within the resolution, we just suggest reflecting on this and further continuing the enhancement of this organisation. 

Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

19:00:12

Thank you, Mr Irakli CHIKOVANI.

Does anybody wish to speak against the Amendment?

Ms Khatia DEKANOIDZE, you have the floor.

Mme Khatia DEKANOIDZE

Géorgie, PPE/DC

19:00:23

With all due respect, I have to contradict my colleague Mr Irakli CHIKOVANI.

Actually, again, what we're talking in the report is that the state institutions are not independent, because the ruling parties merged with the institutions.

So to further strengthen the independence of Georgia National Communication Commission means that it is already independent.

So actually, my recommendation to my colleagues will be that it definitely changed the structure and the meaning and the formula, so what does our honourable colleague mean?

I definitely just call my colleagues not to vote for this Amendment.

Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

19:01:11

Thank you, Madam. 

The Committee has unanimously adopted this amendment.

I shall now put it to the vote. 

The vote is open.

The vote is closed.

Can we see the results?

The Amendment has been carried.

I call Mr Irakli CHIKOVANI to support Amendment 6.

M. Irakli CHIKOVANI

Géorgie, SOC

19:02:02

Well I think my pro-argument and the next con-argument will be pretty much the same. So I would invite my colleague from the United National Movement to just name three good things that happened since 2012 in Georgia, and I might agree with her.

But the same thing here: it's the broadcaster, a lot of things have been done. We acknowledge that more should be done and we will continue with that, and it's just the acknowledgement of the actual fact.

Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

19:02:31

Does anyone wish to speak against the Amendment?

Ms Khatia DEKANOIDZE.

Mme Khatia DEKANOIDZE

Géorgie, PPE/DC

19:02:40

Well, I can name a lot of things but it is not about that right now, it is about the amendments. It is the same formula as I had before. It is about the "strengthening further," which means that it already has some kind of independence. The recent appointment of the head of the board, definitely and probably, is not in the report, but definitely, the Georgian population deserves better. 

Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

19:03:10

Thank you.

The Committee has unanimously adopted the Amendment.

I shall now put the Amendment to the vote.

The vote is open.

The vote is closed.

May I ask for the results to be displayed?

The Amendment is carried.

I now call Mr Irakli CHIKOVANI to support Amendment 7.

M. Irakli CHIKOVANI

Géorgie, SOC

19:04:02

This amendment shows the actual picture because at the time that the report was prepared, and in-between today, we had some new developments – with regard to the investigation – of the events of last year, and people were sentenced to concrete imprisonment and were taken into custody. That is why we would like to reflect that there is an ongoing process that has its own results, but nevertheless understanding that this still needs to be properly addressed further on.

Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

19:04:48

Thank you very much.

Does anybody wish to speak against the Amendment?

Mr Rasmus NORDQVIST?

M. Rasmus NORDQVIST

Danemark, SOC

19:04:57

Yes. I must say that I think it is very positively balanced already, as it is in the recommendation.

To put in this "yet", implies that we already see a new development, and I have to see it before I believe it, so I think we should keep it as it is in the report.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

19:05:16

What is the opinion of the Committee?

M. Samad SEYIDOV

Azerbaïdjan, CE/AD, Vice-Président de la Commission de suivi

19:05:21

Mister President, this Amendment was adopted with a large majority:

22 in favour with 1 against.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

19:05:28

Thank you very much.

With a large majority adopted.

I shall now put the Amendment to the vote.

The vote is open.

The vote is closed.

Can we see the results?

The Amendment is carried.

I now call Mr Irakli CHIKOVANI to support Amendment No. 8.

M. Irakli CHIKOVANI

Géorgie, SOC

19:06:08

This Amendment, sir, reflects the grave humanitarian situation that we have on the occupied territories. Although there is no active combat ongoing but we have daily intimidations, we have daily cases where people are kidnapped, where people are taken away from their houses, and they are deprived of their essential human rights. That's why we need to include this in order to reflect the situation in terms of human rights in the occupied territories of Georgia.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

19:06:41

Thank you very much.

Does anyone wish to speak against?

No one wants to speak against.

What is the opinion of the Committee?

M. Samad SEYIDOV

Azerbaïdjan, CE/AD, Vice-Président de la Commission de suivi

19:07:03

Mr President, this Amendment was adopted by a large majority, 22 to 1.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

19:07:09

Thank you very much, Mr Samad SEYIDOV.

Adopted with a large majority.

I shall now put the Amendment to the vote.

The vote is open.

The vote is closed.

Can we see the results?

The Amendment is carried.

I now call Mr Irakli CHIKOVANI to support Amendment 9.

M. Irakli CHIKOVANI

Géorgie, SOC

19:07:54

Mister Chairman,

Dear Colleagues,

The Amendment actually acknowledges one of the most historical developments that we had in regards to the occupied territories in Georgia. This is the ruling of the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights, where it has clearly attested that the effective control on the occupied territories of Georgia is conducted by the Russian Federation. Of course, it supports the Georgian government's peaceful policy. Also, it calls upon the Russian Federation to adhere to the international agreement that was reached on cease-fires.

Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

19:08:30

Thank you.

Does anybody wish to speak against the Amendment?

That is not the case.

The opinion of the Committee Mr Samad SEYIDOV?

M. Samad SEYIDOV

Azerbaïdjan, CE/AD, Vice-Président de la Commission de suivi

19:08:40

Mr President, it has been adopted with a large majority.

The same, 22 to 1.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

19:08:45

Thank you very much, adopted with a large majority.

I shall now put the Amendment to the vote. 

The vote is open.

The vote is closed.

May I have the results displayed?

The Amendment is adopted unanimously.

I now ask Mr Irakli CHIKOVANI to support Amendment No. 10.

M. Irakli CHIKOVANI

Géorgie, SOC

19:09:32

Here, in this Amendment, we reflect on the so-called elections that have taken place on the occupied territories and which have absolutely no legal basis, no moral basis, and no consequences whatsoever. In addition to that, we also reflect the so-called referendum issues, that is sounded here and there from so-called officials on the occupied territory. We just need to make sure that the Assembly clearly sends the message of the condemnation and unacceptability of this matter.

Thank you.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

19:10:03

Thank you.

Does anybody wish to speak against this Amendment?

I don't see any.

What is the opinion of the Committee, Mr Samad SEYIDOV?

M. Samad SEYIDOV

Azerbaïdjan, CE/AD, Vice-Président de la Commission de suivi

19:10:13

By a large majority, Mr President, 22 to 1.

M. Tiny KOX

Pays-Bas, GUE, Président de l'Assemblée

19:10:17

Thank you very much.

I now shall put the Amendment to the vote.

The vote is open.

The vote is closed.

Can I ask for the results to be displayed?

The Amendment is carried unanimously.

 

We will now proceed to vote on the draft resolution contained in Doc. 15497 as amended.

The vote is open.

The vote is closed.

Can we see the results?

 

The draft resolution in Doc. 15497 as amended is adopted unanimously.

Congratulations!

 

Dear colleagues, we will now turn to the Progress Report of the Bureau.

This afternoon the Bureau has proposed several references to Committees. They are set out in the Progress Report (Doc. 15503 Addendum 3). These references must be submitted for ratification by the Assembly in accordance with Rule 26.3 of the Rules.

Are there any objections to these references?

That is not the case.

Then the references to the Committees proposed by the Bureau are ratified.

 

In its meeting today, the Bureau considered the changes proposed in the membership of Committees

Are the proposed changes in the membership of the Assembly’s Committees agreed to?

They are agreed to.

 

Dear colleagues, we have now come to the end of our business.

I would like to thank all members of the Assembly, particularly the rapporteurs and Chairpersons of Committees, for their hard work during this Part-Session. I would also like to thank all the Vice-Presidents who have assisted me in presiding over sittings this week. They are:

· Mr John HOWELL

· Mr Armin LASCHET

· Ms Ria OOMEN-RUIJTEN

· Ms Ingjerd SCHOU

· Ms Nicole TRISSE

· Ms Maja VUKIĆEVIĆ

· Mr Ahmet YILDIZ

In addition, I would like to thank the staff and interpreters, both permanent and temporary, who have worked hard to make the Part-Session a success. I would also like to thank the technicians. I would especially salute one of our distinguished interpreters who is retiring after almost four decades of activity. Jan KROTKI is the distinguished and warm voice that has accompanied many of us in our sessions and Committee meetings for so many years. Jan, we thank you very much, and we wish you a happy retirement.

It is also the last day of the Swiss Secretary of the Delegation, Mr Daniel ZEHNDER, after two decades, so we also want to thank him very much.

 

The third part-session of 2022 will be held from 20 to 24 June 2022, here in Strasbourg.

I declare the Second Part of the 2022 Session of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe closed.

 

La séance est levée à 19h15