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Ouverture de la séance n°36

Débat : L’intelligence artificielle et la migration

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:00:34

Good morning everyone.

For our last day on Friday we have still three debates, so, let's just say we don't have that much speakers, but still we have a strict time schedule.

So the sitting is open and the first item of business this morning is a debate on the report titled "Artificial Intelligence and Migration". This is Document 16240, presented by Mr Petri HONKONEN on behalf of the Committee on Migration, Refugees and Misplaced Persons.

I remind members that now the speaking time limit is 2 minutes, and I will be quite strict on that. And in order to finish at 10:45 a.m., because then we have to start the next one, we will end the list of speakers around 10:35 a.m. So to allow the time also for the reply and for the vote.

So now I give the floor to Mr Petri HONKONEN as rapporteur.

You have 7 minutes now, and at the end you have also 3 minutes. Please.

M. Petri HONKONEN

Finlande, ADLE, Rapporteur

10:01:43

Thank you, Mister President,

Honourable members of the Assembly,

Dear colleagues,

We gather today at a defining moment, a moment that will shape not just how we govern migration, but how we govern ourselves, our values and the technologies that are changing our societies at a staggering pace.

Artificial intelligence is no longer a distant prospect. It is already embedded in our asylum systems, our borders, our visa screening and our public services. AI influences decisions about who may enter, who must wait and who may stay.

That is why this resolution is so important. It is not simply about technological efficiency, even though it is a fact that AI may facilitate and intensify processes. This resolution is a call for political leadership. It is a roadmap for ensuring that AI respects human rights, protects dignity and serves justice across the entire migration journey.

The draft resolution before you outlines in detail what is at stake and what must be done.

It calls for human oversight in all AI systems, particularly those used to assess asylum claims or visa eligibility.

It calls for impact assessments to be conducted before any AI system is deployed in migration contexts, assessments that evaluate risks to privacy, fairness and non-discrimination using the Council of Europe’s HUDERIA methodology.

It calls for great caution with regard to emotion recognition and automated lie detection tools.

It demands strong safeguards on data protection, especially for biometric and sensitive personal data.

The resolution also addresses the entire continuum of migration:

In pre-departure stages, it proposes ethical use of chatbots to inform migrants of their rights, AI-supported visa systems that do not discriminate and labour-matching tools that prevent exploitation.

In transit, it opposes indiscriminate surveillance and supports AI tools for search and rescue, a matter of life and death for those crossing the Mediterranean Sea or other dangerous routes.

Upon arrival, it urges Member States to preserve the human element in asylum adjudication, ensure transparency in how AI systems are used and translate decisions into plain, accessible language.

During stay and integration, it supports inclusive digital services, language tools co-designed with migrant communities, and predictive analytics to promote social cohesion and prevent exclusion.

In return and reintegration, it calls for voluntary, informed return processes supported by AI.

Colleagues, this is not just about abstract principles. These are concrete, actionable steps to make sure Europe remains the global standard-bearer for the ethical governance of AI, especially where human vulnerability is greatest.

And that brings me to the accompanying draft recommendation, which gives these commitments additional political weight.

It calls on the Committee of Ministers to adopt a formal recommendation and a code of good practice on AI and migration, a living framework that translates legal principles into practical guidance for national authorities, border agencies, asylum offices and service providers, in line with the Council of Europe's Framework Convention on AI and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law.

It recommends targeted training for ombudsman institutions and equality bodies, so they are equipped to respond to AI-related complaints and rights violations.

It calls for deepened cooperation with key European Union and United Nations bodies, FRONTEX, EU-LISA, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, the International Organization for Migration, to ensure that the use of AI in migration management is not fragmented or inconsistent, but coordinated and rights-based.

We are reaffirming our commitment to a Europe where technology is shaped by rights, not the other way around.

We are declaring that efficiency must never come at the expense of equality, that innovation must never silence the voices of the most vulnerable.

I urge you, dear colleagues: let this Assembly lead. Let us adopt this resolution and recommendation, not as an afterthought, but as a beacon of what responsible, values-based governance looks like in the digital age.

Thank you.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:07:55

Thank you. Then I give the floor to, first of all, on behalf of the political groups, Mr Stefan SCHENNACH.

Stefan, you have 2 minutes.  

M. Stefan SCHENNACH

Autriche, SOC, Porte-parole du groupe

10:08:13

On behalf of my group, I would like to congratulate the rapporteur on this balanced and also cautionary resolution, which essentially raises all the important issues and also states that AI can be used, but care must be taken to ensure that it does not use algorithms to prevent people from entering the country, crossing borders or obtaining work and residence permits.

I believe it is very important that human rights, democracy and the rule of law are upheld above all else and do not degenerate into algorithmic distortions. It is important that there are no tools such as credibility assessment, emotion recognition, state affiliation or ethnicity.

Where AI can actually be beneficial is in migration management. However, there must actually be efficiency gains. Strict protection of human rights in all phases and with migration. In addition, as more and more environmental refugees are arriving due to dramatic climate change, AI can analyse and provide socio-economic data for predictions for climate-related migration, and enable humanitarian planning, as we have already done in the report on climate and migration.

I fully support the rapporteur's proposal that there should be an agreement between all states on this issue and the Council of Europe's Draft Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence Human rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law. It is high time we had this.

Thank you very much.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:10:29

Thank you.

The next speaker will be then on behalf of the Group of the European People's Party, Ms Albana VOKSHI. You have 2 minutes. 

Mme Albana VOKSHI

Albanie, PPE/DC, Porte-parole du groupe

10:10:38

Good morning, Mister Chair.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has already changed our world. The way we live, how we learn, work, do business and how we educate our children, as well.

It is a remarkable achievement. Yet its full impact on the labour market, on the gender pay gap and on equality still needs careful studying and evidence.

Of course, I support the use of AI, but we must be prudent where rights are at stake. In my own country, a so-called AI minister was introduced, raising constitutional and practical questions. People are rightly asking: who programmes it? Who is accountable tomorrow, the same network that enables high-level corruption? Beyond the glossy headlines, the core problems are transparency and accountability.

At its core, the Parliamentary Assembly exists to defend human rights. When AI enters migration management, the stakes for those rights might rise sharply. As someone from a country – Albania – with millions of immigrants, I know the human face behind the statistics – we should be very, very careful.

AI systems used for asylum and border decisions are or might be at a high risk. Opaque algorithms, weak oversights and limited human control bias are not theoretical. Facial recognition, biometric matching and dialect analyses too often misidentify women, minorities, Roma and vulnerable groups.

We need guidelines that put people first. Human oversight in every decision. Prior human rights impact assessment, mandatory bias audits and independent oversight. Inclusion matters too. If AI tools replace paper forms, but are not multilingual and accessible offline.

Let us work with the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR), International Organization for Migration (IOM) and European partners to establish a code of good practice on AI migration and ensure our member states align with the Council of Europe's new AI framework.

Thank you.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:12:58

Thank you.

May I ask the speakers that we keep strictly to two minutes? Because I want to have everyone on the floor which is on the list and if you are not strict, then we are going out of our time schedule.

I go now to Mr Armen GEVORGYAN on behalf of the European Conservatives, Patriots & Affiliates. Two minutes.

M. Armen GEVORGYAN

Arménie, CEPA, Porte-parole du groupe

10:13:18

Dear colleagues,

Artificial intelligence cannot become a black box deciding human destinies, specifically in migration and asylum procedures. Digital decisions in such sensitive matters must always be subject to strict human review.

We often talk about external interference. However, today we are in a situation of a new, voluntary form of digital dependency. According to AI gurus, the more we rely on AI advice, the more data it collects, the smarter it becomes, and I would add the greater its influence over our choices. This means that the weakening of our national institutions in making sovereign decisions is growing, not only from foreign pressure, but also from our own dependence on technology.

Technology is a tool and should serve people, not rule over them. We must not allow an automated system to decide human destinies without accountability to any court or any parliament.

The stakes for immigration are extremely high. An algorithm error can cost a person their life or send them back to persecution. This is not a risk we can trust to a machine. That is why we need a careful and gradual approach, with pilot projects, feedback mechanisms and strict monitoring, instead of hasty automation.

At the same time, AI can and should be used to help develop sound and effective migration policies in our countries and to evaluate their results. The key factor remains human responsibility: the ability to formulate the right question and critically evaluate the answer.

If we want to avoid the negatives of new digital addiction, we need to invest not only in technology, but also in the competences of users. Otherwise, we risk outsourcing judgement and responsibility to machines. AI can assist us, but it must never replace human responsibility.

Thank you.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:15:20

Thank you.

Then I go to Ms Marijana PULJAK on behalf of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE).

You have 2 minutes.

Mme Marijana PULJAK

Croatie, ADLE, Porte-parole du groupe

10:15:28

Thank you.

Dear colleagues,

On behalf of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe, I would like to stress the importance of a balanced approach to the development and use of artificial intelligence in migration management.

Artificial intelligence is already transforming many aspects of migration policy. It can make visa and asylum procedures more efficient, reduce administrative delays, and provide migrants and refugees with access to real-time, multilingual information. AI can also help detect exploitation in labour migration, forecast climate-driven displacement, and support search and rescue operations at sea, saving lives and offering safer routes for people on the move. If integrated, AI-powered tools can assist with language learning, job matching, and access to services, helping migrants contribute more quickly and fully to their host societies.

But at the same time, we must be very clear: these opportunities come with serious risks. AI systems that are not properly designed or regulated can reinforce bias, discriminate against vulnerable groups, and undermine the right to asylum. Automated credibility assessments, emotion recognition or racial profiling based on nationality or ethnicity are not scientifically reliable and must be prohibited.

Human oversight is crucial, AI should support, not replace, human decision-making when people’s futures and fundamental rights are at stake. All systems must undergo human rights impact assessments, be transparent, independently monitored, and subject to legal redress.

Our group believes this resolution makes an important contribution and should be supported.

At the same time, I will also propose an amendment to underline more clearly the positive side of artificial intelligence, its potential to strengthen humanitarian protection, accelerate integration and foster innovation, while still respecting human dignity and rights.

Thank you.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:17:35

Thank you. Then I go to Mr Emmanuel FERNANDES on behalf of the Unified European Left Group. You have 2 minutes.

M. Emmanuel FERNANDES

France, GUE, Porte-parole du groupe

10:17:44

Thank you, Mister Chairman,

The debate we are now holding concerns actual or potential applications of artificial intelligence in the field of migration.

My Unified European Left Group would like to thank and congratulate the rapporteur on his work, which has raised awareness in our Assembly of the opportunities, but perhaps, above all, the dangers, and therefore the key precautions that our member states must take in this area in order to respect the human rights that we are responsible for defending here.

Our group advocates a resolutely humane approach to supporting people in migration situations. Behind the concept of artificial intelligence lie deeply political realities. The design of the algorithms used is imbued with political decisions, choices, preferences and orientations in how models are trained. In other words, artificial intelligence produced in an authoritarian state has nothing in common with AI developed in a progressive state.

We approve of all the guarantees proposed by the rapporteur and hope that they will be enough to prevent infringements of rights and freedoms in member states when AI is used. Indeed, it would be frightening to think that migrant workers could be managed in the same way as data. It would make no sense to allow artificial intelligence to handle individual administrative situations, even in the name of speed. Who could imagine civil or administrative judgements being handed down by a machine?

Behind the figures and the data, there are human lives, unique journeys that require a specific approach, a genuine personalisation of procedures. As the philosopher Emmanuel LEVINAS reminds us, in humanity, it is the encounter with the face of the other that is at the heart of the ethical relationship. So what place is there for purely digital, faceless artificial intelligence?

We believe that if we are to improve the reception and treatment of migrants, we must first and foremost put in place safe migration routes and a substantial increase in human resources to welcome, accompany, guide and support them, with dignity and respect for human rights.

Thank you very much.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:19:56

Now we will go to the speakers list.

Mr Mike READER, you have 2 minutes.

M. Mike READER

Royaume-Uni, SOC

10:20:05

Thank you, Mister President.

Can I just say this report is fantastic. Really well-timed. It's a principled framework for how we deal with what is a real challenge that many governments have now. How do we deploy AI safely in the delivery of public services?

And I really like the core message. AI must support. It must be a tool that we use to help decision-making, not replace the human in the loop.

We know criminals that profit from illegal migration, profit from human suffering, are using AI to try and beat the system. And so governments able to grab hold of these tools to protect people and to make sure we have fair immigration is absolutely critical.

I want to pick up two key recommendations.

First of all, human oversight. Absolutely critical. I thank the rapporteur for making such a big emphasis on this. AI must assist, but there must always be a human making that final decision.

Secondly, transparency and redress. I do agree with the point that applicants must understand how AI has been used in the application of their asylum claim and have the ability to challenge decisions where they believe it's been used unfairly. We have to make sure there is redress and the rule of law maintained.

But there are risks here, as has been picked up, I think by one of my colleagues.

AI systems have a risk of introducing bias, have a risk of introducing opacity in decision-making and also discrimination. We must make sure, therefore, that we have clear policy guiderails, such as this report, which guide our implementation.

In the UK, we're trying to grab hold of this and the government launched in January the AI Opportunities Action Plan, which has been adopted by organisations, departments like the Home Office. We see the application through asylum case summary tools, which have improved the efficiency of our department by 32% in that process, and also tools to look at facial age estimation for asylum cases.

So, overall, I fully support this report. I think it's a fantastic step forward. It's really positive to see the Council of Europe looking at a really emerging critical issue for our governments.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:22:09

Thank you.

Then I'd like to give the floor to Mr Rónán MULLEN. He's not here. Then we go to the following one.

Ms Victoria TIBLOM. Please, you have 2 minutes.

Mme Victoria TIBLOM

Suède, CEPA

10:22:25

Thank you Mister President,

Thank you, rapporteur, Mr Petri HONKONEN.

Migration remains one of the greatest challenges facing Europe. Our systems are overloaded, our societies under strain, and too often, abuse of asylum procedures undermines public trust. To regain control, we must modernise our tools. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers precisely that possibility.

AI can strengthen border management by detecting forged documents, tracking irregular crossings and identifying criminal networks behind smuggling and trafficking. It can process vast amounts of data faster than any human, allowing us to distinguish genuine claims from fraudulent ones with far greater efficiency. This means fewer loopholes, fewer delays and less room for abuse.

By automating repetitive administrative work, AI ensures that our limited human resources focus where they matter most, on enforcement, investigation and upholding the rule of law. It can also support labour market checks, ensuring that migration aligns with the needs of our economies, not the other way around.

Crucially, AI allows us to apply the law consistently and objectively, reducing the risk of manipulation and restoring credibility to our migration policies. With strict safeguards in place, it can give us both stronger control and greater clarity.

Europe cannot afford to remain stuck with outdated processes while irregular migration continues to rise. AI is not a threat to our sovereignty, it is a tool to defend it.

Thank you, Mister President.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:24:21

Thank you.

Then I call Mr László TOROCZKAI.

He's not here.

Okay, Then, we go to the following one. Mr Theodoros KALIONCHIZ DE LA FUENTE, please. You have 2 minutes. "Two minutes" [in Spanish]. You have to insert your card.

M. Theodoros KALIONCHIZ DE LA FUENTE

Mexique

10:24:53

Honourable members of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe,

Migration is a global phenomenon and it has marked the history of humanity. It affects millions of people worldwide. Protecting migrants' human rights should be a major priority for us. My country Mexico has faced specific challenges: it is a country of both transit and destination for millions of migrants and this of course is an issue that raises problems both within our borders and outside of them. 

But it's not just a question of human rights, it's a question of contributing to more inclusive and sustainable economic development, and ensuring that migration does not continue to be the serious global problem that it is right now.

Mexico's migration policy is based on the defence of migrants' rights and the promotion of economic development. From a humanitarian perspective, we implement strategies to address the structural causes of migration and we emphasise respect for the rule of law as well as the human rights of migrants.

How can we achieve all of this? We can do so through a strategy in all of our countries, especially those countries with a high emigration rate. That would be the case for Mexico, where we ensure that people have access to better job opportunities, higher wages; also we've sought to reduce inequality. We have improved education, we provide non-violence, greater security and better living conditions.

It is true that the question of insecurity around the world is a truly serious matter and it has been a major contributing factor to millions of people leaving their countries.

Regarding now the importance of implementing AI in migration matters, I consider it a very relevant topic, provided that it's used to guarantee the security of migrants as well as the defence of their human rights. It can be a valuable tool for migration management. It can offer solutions which will streamline administrative processes through a more efficient provision of services, using, for instance, virtual assistants.

By way of conclusion, I believe that migration is a highly complex phenomenon; it requires effective and well-managed policies to address these challenges and also to maximise the benefits in a world where we face so many demographic, economic and social changes. And that's why it is crucial to address migration in such a way that it protects migrants' rights.

Thank you.

 

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:27:15

Gracias.

And then we go to our last speaker, Mr Murat Cahid CINGI. You have the floor. Two minutes, please. 

M. Murat Cahid CINGI

Türkiye, NI

10:27:25

Dear Mister President,

Dear colleagues,

I would like to congratulate the rapporteur for his great work that explores the human rights challenges brought by the use of AI in migration management. The most pressing concern is the AI's potential for directly or indirectly causing discrimination. Data and algorithms could be flawed, incomplete or biased. Thus, AI systems in migration management bear the risk of discrimination, wrongful detention and misidentification.

Flawed evaluation has awful consequences for refugees and asylum seekers. AI can easily reduce their circumstances to a set of parameters or algorithms overlooking the human dignity that should be at the core of all migration decisions.

As elaborated successfully in the report, in order to avoid human rights violations, human oversight measures and independent review are conducive for safeguarding the human dignity. In this context, member states cannot use AI as a pretext to circumvent their human rights obligations in relation to migrants and refugees. Therefore, member states should not view AI as a tool to control migration and accelerate asylum procedures at the expense of migrants rights.

Furthermore, AI tools could be used for the good of migrants and refugees. Migrants go missing during journeys due to their restrictive migration policies and pushbacks. AI tools must be employed to relocate and save those migrants.

Finally, I hope that this report, along with other Council of Europe initiatives, would help make AI tools human rights-compliant.

Thank you.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:29:25

Thank you.

So that means that we can conclude the list of speakers.

And then I call the rapporteur, Mr Petri HONKONEN, to reply. You have a maximum of 3 minutes. You have the floor.

M. Petri HONKONEN

Finlande, ADLE, Rapporteur

10:29:40

Thank you. Thank you, Mister Chair.

And thank you, dear colleagues, for the very constructive and interesting discussion about this report.

I must say that I'm very happy to hear that human oversight was present in every speech I heard during this debate. What I most liked in working with this subject and with this report was that often in this hemicycle, we discuss human rights in theory, in theoretical situations. But in this report, I got a chance to focus on human rights much more in practice than it usually is.

As you can see, here is a practical tool, many practical tools, presented by our good experts of the Council of Europe and other experts throughout Europe. We now have here legal tools to use AI and we have political strategies. We have institutional structures which are essential on using AI in public administration in every member country, in every member state, with human oversight and with human rights in a positive way.

There were many, many good, good points you raised in your speeches. But what I especially want to highlight is that when we talk about technology like we now talk about artificial intelligence, we often see all the threats. Of course, there are threats and we have to handle the threats. But there are also positive aspects which can even protect human rights better than without the technological tools.

So, in the end, we have now the situation, we are at the point where we can lead this development. AI is coming. AI already exists in these asylum processes in many member countries in Europe. But the point is that if we want to guide it, if we want to change the future where we use AI in a human rights positive way, we can do it. But we have to do it now, before it is too late.

At the end, I want to use a saying in the Finnish language where we say that "Fire isn't a good lord, but fire is a good servant". So I would say that AI isn't a good lord for us, but it's a good servant and we must use it in a positive way for human rights and keep the human in the loop.

Thank you.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:32:49

Thank you.

Does the Chairperson of the Committee wish to speak?

Yes. You have a maximum of 3 minutes.

M. Oleksii GONCHARENKO

Ukraine, CEPA, Président de la Commission des migrations, des réfugiés et des personnes déplacées

10:32:56

Thank you. Thank you, Chair.

Dear colleagues,

First of all, I would like to thank the rapporteur and Secretariat for the amazing job done.

It's clear that artificial intelligence is an absolutely new, unique instrument. And as any instrument, you know, the knife in the hands of a surgeon will save the life. The knife in the hands of a criminal will kill. So, it's absolutely not about an instrument, but about how we use it. And it's time now to prepare for a future which is already knocking at our doors. And that's why I think such a report is very important and we need to look at the influence of artificial intelligence on all spheres of our life, including such important topics as migration and asylum.

And I just want to stress once again that these resolutions and recommendations are vital. The draft resolution and draft recommendation call for clear prohibitions on unlawful AI practices, mandatory human rights impact assessments, robust redress mechanisms and the principle that a human must always remain in the loop. The lived experiences of migrants must inform design and oversight at every stage, pre-departure, transit, arrival, stay, return and reintegration, ensuring that innovation promotes inclusion, fairness and trust, and never replaces compassionate, human-centred judgement.

Let us seize this moment to champion a European model of ethical rights-based artificial intelligence governance. And I think these texts can help us in this and our Committee supports it.

Thank you very much and thanks again to the rapporteur.  

Vote : L’intelligence artificielle et la migration

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:34:47

Thank you.

So, the debate has closed.

The Committee on Migration, Refugees and Displaced Persons has presented the draft resolution, in Document 16240, to which one amendment has been tabled.

The Committee has also presented a draft recommendation in Document 16240, to which no amendments have been tabled.

I remind you, if you want to speak concerning the amendment, the limited time is 30 seconds.

First of all, I understand that the Chairperson of the Committee wishes to propose to the Parliamentary Assembly that Amendment 1 to the draft resolution in Document 16240, which was unanimously approved by the Committee, be declared as definitively approved.

Is that so, Mr Oleksii GONCHARENKO?

M. Oleksii GONCHARENKO

Ukraine, CEPA, Président de la Commission des migrations, des réfugiés et des personnes déplacées

10:35:32

 Yes, Chair.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:35:36

Okay, thank you.

If no one objects, I will consider the amendment to be approved. Is there any objection? No.

So we will now proceed to the vote on the draft resolution contained in Document 16240. A simple majority is required.

The vote is open.

I close the vote. I call for the result to be displayed.

Draft resolution in Document 16240 as amended is adopted.

We will now proceed to vote on the draft recommendation contained in document 16240.

I remind you that here a two-thirds majority is required.

The vote is open.

I close the vote. I call for the result to be displayed.

The draft recommendation Document 16240 is adopted.

Congratulations.

Débat : Violences sexuelles à l'encontre des hommes et des garçons

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:37:17

So, if everyone allows us to have some more time, we can go to the next item of business for this morning. And this is the debate on the report titled "Sexual violence against men and boys", which is Document 16250, presented by Mr Edmunds CEPURĪTIS on behalf of the Committee on Equality and Non-Discrimination.

May I ask you all to take your seats, as rapporteur and as Chair of the Committee.

Is the rapporteur ready? Yes. Okay.

I remind members that the speaking time limit is also 2 minutes. So we will finish with the speakers list at 11:25 a.m. and I will... Sorry, we will have to finish at 11:25 a.m. and we'll enter the list of speakers about 11:20 a.m. to allow time for the reply and the vote. So I now give the floor to the rapporteur. You now have 7 minutes. You have the floor.

M. Edmunds CEPURĪTIS

Lettonie, SOC, Rapporteur

10:39:13

Thank you, Chair.

Dear colleagues, it is an honour to stand here today to open a debate on a topic that the Council of Europe is addressing for the first time: sexual violence against men and boys.

I feel it is necessary to start with the following. We all know that women and girls are disproportionately affected by sexual violence and rape, which are forms of gender-based violence. The Council of Europe has unique legal tools to prevent and combat it, including the Istanbul Convention. And we need to continue working to combat violence against women without excuses and without being influenced by disinformation propagated by Russia.

Without ever intending to reduce the importance of fighting gender-based violence against women, in this report, we look at the sexual violence against men and boys, a human rights violation which remains invisible, seriously underreported and marked by stigma, shame and a lack of information for how victims and survivors can get help.

For a long time, this issue has remained taboo, something we do not talk about even in the contexts we clearly should. Some member states still do not clearly recognise men as potential rape victims within their criminal law. Because of this stigma, there's a big gap between how much we hear about sexual violence against men and boys, and how much actually occurs. We must break the silence and take action to improve the lives of men and boys affected by sexual violence so that the survivors can get justice and recover. To break the stigma, we need to be more vocal about it, to name it, to shame it, to support survivors and ensure that perpetrators are punished. And, we need data.

In the report, we highlight the barriers to reporting that exist for men and boys in specific contexts: at home, in religious settings, sports activities, schools, during armed conflict, in a migration context and in places of detention.

The vast majority of perpetrators of sexual violence against men and boys are men and boys. The root causes are very similar to those of sexual violence against women and girls; men and boys who perpetrate sexual violence against other men and boys often aim to impose their masculinity and power.

As we know, in the Russian war of aggression against Ukraine, sexual violence – including against men – has been consistently and deliberately used as a form of torture with an intent to punish and humiliate. Of course, no power can be gained from violating human rights. Moreover, there should be no impunity for these crimes for both individuals and states.

Our culture is currently shamed by harmful masculinities, gender roles and power relations that harm all of us. It is evident that prevention of such violence requires a change of this culture, even if it's not easy in the current polarised discourse marred by disinformation about gender equality and human rights.

We also need to listen more to the men and boys who are survivors of sexual violence. What do they need the most to recover? How can we best support them? In the Committee, we have listened to their demands, and we should build our laws and policies accordingly. Survivors of sexual violence need accessible support services, such as helplines, psychosocial support and counselling that recognise and address the stigma and other specifics that men and boys are subject to.

Survivors of sexual violence, especially children, need to be told that it is never their fault, that they did nothing wrong and that they should not be ashamed. We need targeted actions to encourage boys to disclose sexual violence and abuse. So age-appropriate comprehensive sexuality education, addressing bodily autonomy and defining sexual violence around consent, is critical in this respect.

This resolution also asks the member states to improve their legal and policy frameworks. Many boys and men, and also women, need time to be able to fully recognise and speak about the sexual violence they endured, especially if it happened in their childhood. This is why I call on member states to consider the abolition of the statute of limitations for crimes of sexual violence against children.

As politicians, it is our responsibility to prevent and combat sexual violence affecting men and boys, to ensure that their rights are fully protected and respected, and to make sure that they can report these crimes and receive support while the perpetrators are punished. We must take action in all of these fields.

I hope that my report will pave the way for further engagement and action of our Assembly to eliminate sexual violence against men and boys in all their diversity and everywhere where it takes place.

Thank you very much for your support.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:44:28

Thank you. Then I call, on behalf of the Group of the European People's Party, Mr Christophe BRICO.

You have 2 minutes.

M. Christophe BRICO

Monaco, PPE/DC, Porte-parole du groupe

10:44:37

Thank you, Mister President,

Sexual violence, sexual abuse or rape against anyone, of any gender, is an abomination, and even more so when it is perpetrated against children.

However, as the report points out, when it comes to sexual violence against men, most of our societies still have strong taboos. Most victims still consider that being a victim of this kind of violence, abuse or rape is a weakness or an expression of weakness.

So obviously, everything proposed in this report is excellent. I will support it unreservedly, we will support it unreservedly.

But I would add that we should also work with our societies to break down stereotypes, so that male victims do not think they are in a state of weakness, but on the contrary, those who testify, in a state of strength.

So I invite everyone to also work in their respective societies to break down stereotypes. A victim remains a victim, regardless of gender.

Thank you very much.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:45:46

Now I give the floor to Sir Christopher CHOPE on behalf of the European Conservatives, Patriots & Affiliates. You have 2 minutes.

Sir Christopher CHOPE

Royaume-Uni, CEPA, Porte-parole du groupe

10:45:56

As a member of the Committee on Equality and Non-Discrimination for this year and having been to the meeting in Malta where this report was discussed, what concerned me was that, often, the Committee seems to engage in tokenism towards males whilst putting all the emphasis on the equality of women. I don't see any reason why we in this Parliamentary Assembly should be differentiating between sexual violence against men and boys as against sexual violence against women and children. It seems to me quite often we are trying to find an excuse for another report, when a gender neutral report on sexual violence against children and adults would be much more appropriate.

But having said that, obviously this is probably a helpful report. Although I tried to move an amendment unsuccessfully at the Committee, suggesting that the reference in, I think, the first paragraph of the recommendation was to say, well, "we are against sexual violence in respect of men and boys, but we don't want to say that whilst not re-emphasising that we're against sexual violence against women".

But I never see, when we debate sexual violence against women and girls, we never qualify that by saying, "we are against sexual violence against women and girls", but we feel the need to emphasise that that is not at the expense of sexual violence against men and boys.

So, I would ask this Parliamentary Assembly and members of the Committee to start being more even-handed between men and women in their dealings.

Again, when we were in Malta, on issues of health, we found that talking about prostate cancer, the lower life expectancy that men have and so on, that that was almost anathema to other members of the Committee. So that's my campaign for the next year, to try and treat men, women, girls and boys all equally.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:48:11

Thank you.

Then I go to Ms Béatrice FRESKO-ROLFO on behalf of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe. "You have the floor" [in French].

Mme Béatrice FRESKO-ROLFO

Monaco, ADLE, Porte-parole du groupe

10:48:18

Thank you, Mister President.

When a man or a boy is the victim of sexual violence, all too often he becomes invisible, as if their cry were lost in a silence built by our prejudices.

The report presented by our colleague Mr Edmunds CEPURĪTIS has the immense merit of reminding us of this. The Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe thanks him for it.

Sexual violence knows no gender. It strikes indiscriminately, in all societies, in all contexts, in times of peace and in times of war.

So why the silence? Because we have constructed an image of masculinity in which the man must be strong, invincible, unshakeable. Official campaigns, laws and aid schemes are essentially targeted at women, while men are frequently neglected. And this is from a woman who has been involved in the fight against violence against women for years.

How, under the weight of clichés, can you admit that a male body can be coerced, violated and humiliated? This silence is an abyss. It leads survivors to believe that what happened to them is unthinkable, impossible. Some remain silent for decades.

And yet it happens. It happens to men, it happens to boys. It happens in our cities, in our families, in our institutions. It happens in times of peace, and it happens with unspeakable cruelty in times of war.

Some men are also particularly targeted. I am thinking here of boys and men from the LGBT community. Their sexual orientation or gender identity exposes them to specific forms of violence.

Ladies and gentlemen,

Recognising men and boys as possible victims does not mean minimising violence against women, it means refusing to accept that human dignity is conditioned by gender and affirming that human rights have no sex.

Thank you very much.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:50:06

Merci, Ms Béatrice FRESKO-ROLFO.

Then I give the floor to Ms Bisera KOSTADINOVSKA-STOJCHEVSKA.

You have 2 minutes.

Mme Bisera KOSTADINOVSKA-STOJCHEVSKA

Macédoine du Nord, SOC, Porte-parole du groupe

10:50:16

Thank you very much.

First of all, allow me to thank the rapporteur for this timely and utmost report. I would like to thank him enormously for tackling a topic that is classified in all of the reports that you can come across as highly unreported and is as equally important as any other violence.

The statistics for sexual violence against men and boys are equally as worrying as the statistics for violence against women. This report gives us an in-depth analysis of the situation regarding the problem and gives on-point directions and recommendations for all parties involved on how to act and how to prevent this abominable fault in society.

Yes, I agree that we need to tell them. We need to tell all victims of sexual violence that it's not their fault. And yes, we need to help them navigate this process. What I would also like to see discussed in this hemicycle is a report regarding education and educational changes on how we can actually prevent these kinds of processes.

Thank you so much.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:51:26

Thank you.

Then I'd like to go to the speakers list and I start with Ms Aysu BANKOĞLU.

You have 2 minutes.

Mme Aysu BANKOĞLU

Türkiye, SOC

10:51:36

Thank you.

I would like to warmly thank to Mr Edmunds CEPURĪTIS for his excellent report.

As youth rapporteur in the Committee on Equality and Non-Discrimination, I must emphasise that sexual violence and abuse and target of children, including boys, also takes place online through the Internet and social media. As in all our work, including in its youth dimension, we need to look at the circumstances in which men and boys, in all diversity, are faced with sexual violence. And I welcome the focus in Mr Edmunds CEPURĪTIS's report on the main context where sexual violence against men and boys takes place.

The high number of cases within the circle of trust of boys and young men is alarming. These are not isolated cases, but systematic patterns. Yet their stories remain invisible because the patriarchal norms demand silence. From childhood, boys internalise tough masculinity, a silence that prevents reporting and sustains the system that fuels sexual violence.

Dear friends, we cannot fight what we do not know. And we know that there has been a lot of silence and attempts to cover up of sexual violence, especially in religious settings, in the fields of sports, against men and boys on the move and against young GBTI persons. In addition to that, conflict-related sexual violence is increasingly documented, including as a weapon of war against Ukrainian soldiers and civilians.

And as a young voice in this Assembly, I call on all of us to help victims and survivors to report these human rights violations, to get assistance and support to recover, and to ensure that perpetrators of sexual violence get punished, regardless of how long the victims need to be able to speak up about it. Above all, victims and survivors must be listened to and believed. They ask for support, not blame. Thank you.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:53:40

Thank you. Then I go to Mr Rónán MULLEN.

Mr Rónán MULLEN is absent.

Then I go to the next one, Mr Damien COTTIER.

"You have the floor. Two minutes. Have you inserted your badge?" [in French].

M. Damien COTTIER

Suisse, ADLE

10:54:08

It's my fault, Mister President. I wasn't pressing on the right button.

Thank you very much, Mr President.

Thank you to the rapporteur for this useful report.

I have to say that I asked myself the same question as our colleague Sir Christopher CHOPE when I saw this report. Basically, the question is: is it useful to have a specific report on sexual attacks and assaults on boys and men?

And I think the answer is yes.

Not because they have different rights – human rights are the same for everyone, because we are human beings and not because we are members of a specific community or a specific group – but because the issues are different and may need to be tackled from other angles or in other ways.

It is in this respect that the report is useful and complementary to the other reports that this Assembly has produced on sexual violence in general and on sexual violence against women and girls, because, as the rapporteur also said very clearly in his speech just now, a certain conception or perception of masculinity can lead to specific problems, both in the angle of the aggression or in the way in which aggressions are reproduced and in the way in which the victims themselves dare or do not dare to explain what has happened and in the way in which society can support them.

Consequently, having this specific angle, asking for specific training and awareness-raising, particularly for the authorities or judicial authorities, police, justice and others, as the report does, is something that is useful and that complements the other reports that have been produced by this Assembly.

I would like to thank the Rapporteur for his precise and sensitive approach, because we must not forget this specific category of victims.

They do not have a special right, but they do have a specific right to be treated for what they are, with their particular problems, and that is exactly what the report proposes and I will support it unreservedly.

Thank you.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:56:20

I'd like to give the floor to Ms Agnes Sirkka PRAMMER.

You have 2 minutes.  

Mme Agnes Sirkka PRAMMER

Autriche, SOC

10:56:29

Thank you, Chair.

Colleagues,

Sexual violence against men and boys has been hidden for far too long. And therefore, it is very necessary to focus on this topic and on these victims in this report. Too many survivors remain unheard, silenced not only by stigma and fear, but also by stereotypes that tell them that they cannot speak, or that no one will listen.

One of the key barriers is outdated ideas of masculinity. The belief that "a real man cannot be a victim", or that "strength protects you from abuse". That prevents survivors from coming forward. It prevents families from recognising what has happened. It prevents police, prosecutors and judges from treating them with the seriousness they deserve.

This is not only about individual trauma, it is structural failure. If our societies cling to rigid notions of masculinity, then our systems of justice, of support and of prevention are built on sand. Survivors are left unprotected, crimes unpunished and, worst of all, perpetrators emboldened.

I urge member states to fund specialised support services for male victims, to train law enforcement and judiciary, and to invest in education that dismantles toxic stereotypes.

Colleagues, every survivor who dares to speak deserves to know that we will speak for them too. I will do so in my parliament, and I hope you will do so in yours, until no voice is left unheard.

Thank you.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

10:58:06

"Thank you very much" [in German].

Ms Agnes Sirkka PRAMMER. Then I give the floor to Ms Larysa BILOZIR.

You have 2 minutes.

Mme Larysa BILOZIR

Ukraine, ADLE

10:58:18

Mister President,

Dear colleagues,

Today, we are considering an important report prepared by Mr Edmunds CEPURĪTIS, which, for the first time in this hemicycle, systematically addresses sexual violence against men and boys – a subject hidden for decades from public attention.

The resolution urges us to abolish statutes of limitations for crimes against children, adopt a gender neutral definition of rape and provide specialised support services for victims.

In Ukraine, the issue takes the most horrific dimension. Russia has turned sexual violence into a weapon of war. The United Nations has documented cases when Ukrainian prisoners of war were forced to undress, and were beaten and tortured with electric shocks on their genitals.

The International Criminal Court (ICC) reported sexualised torture. Amnesty International confirmed the video from Pryvillia showing Russian soldiers castrating and killing a Ukrainian prisoner of war. The Center for European Policy Analysis has reported that nearly two-thirds of liberated Ukrainian prisoners of war (POWs) suffered sexual violence in Russian captivity.

In Ukraine, many criminal proceedings have been opened regarding the sexual mutilation of prisoners of war. The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) recognised that Russia systematically uses sexual violence as a method of torture and humiliation.

We must speak plainly. Castration, genital mutilation and forced sterilisation are signs of genocide, as defined in Article 2 of the UN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, causing serious physical or mental harm. These are acts intended to prevent birth within the national group. This is precisely what we see in the actions of the terrorist state of Russia against POWs. This is not only torture, but it is the embedding of genocidal practices of war.

Dear colleagues,

By adopting this resolution, we send a clear sexual violence against men and boys will no longer remain a silent crime. We have to make everything so that victims receive proper protection and support.

Thank you.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

11:00:28

Thank you.

So we conclude the list of speakers and I call Mr Edmunds CEPURĪTIS, or the Rapporteur, to reply. You have 3 minutes.

M. Edmunds CEPURĪTIS

Lettonie, SOC, Rapporteur

11:00:42

Yes, thank you very much everyone who made the comments supporting many of the points addressed. Also, more broadly in the report, there's actually a lot of extra suggestions that I didn't take time to fully uncover, including creating these campaigns to break the silence and normalise conversation about violence against men and boys.

There was also a good case for gathering more information and more data, because of course, in this report we had a very broad look, while in many cases the details could be developed if we had more data.

I also wanted to engage in the debate that we already had among the speakers about should we have more gender neutral reports, as was suggested by Sir Christopher CHOPE. I think many points were already made. But generally, if we ignore the role of gender in protecting human rights, that of course are universal, then we also ignore the aspects of how these human rights are violated in the society where often the gender, of course, plays a big role.

In the case of women, it is in ignoring the need for consent and therefore contributing to sexual violence against women. In the case of men, as is stressed in the report, and as is actually stressed a lot in this debate, the gender roles are of course contributing to this silence, to this shame, to this feeling of losing your masculinity if you talk about the crimes that were committed against you. And in this report we actually stress a lot the need to take away the shame, to say that it is never the fault of men and boys if something like that has happened to them and put the shame on the perpetrators, not the victims and survivors.

So in this context, it is important to not ignore the gender, the gender roles and the norms that have effects on both how these crimes are perpetrated and also in how the victims, survivors, feel that they can access justice and how they feel that they can or can't talk about the crimes that they have experienced.

So I would say, of course there can be reports that don't focus that much on the gender dimension and could be looking at all the aspects, but definitely the gender shouldn't be ignored in these contexts. And therefore it's, I think, very good that we have reports that sometimes look specifically at the gender norms that affect these crimes.

But I thank everyone for your supportive comments and let's make sure that these suggestions mentioned in the report are actually achieved.

Thank you very much.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

11:03:47

Thank you, Mister rapporteur. And does the Chairperson of the Committee wish to speak?

You also have 3 minutes.

Mme Catia POLIDORI

Italie, PPE/DC, Présidente de la Commission sur l'égalité et la non-discrimination

11:03:57

Thank you. Thank you, Mister Chair.

Dear colleagues, as the Chair of the Equality and Non-Discrimination Committee, I'm very proud of this first report from our organisation on this topic, on such a serious violation of human rights and dignity as being subjected to sexual violence. It needs to be tackled for all victims - women and girls, which we have been addressing for a long time and will continue doing so - but also men and boys.

We have started to look into the specific situation on men and boys who are victims of sexual violence, including their circumstances and needs. This work needs to be continued and developed as the rapporteur has called for. I would like to underline that this report was unanimously adopted by the Equality and Non-Discrimination Committee at our meeting held on 11 September 2025 in Malta.

I warmly thank our colleague Mr Edmunds CEPURĪTIS for his work in the preparation of this report. I also thank all the members who have taken the floor in support of this report, including the youth rapporteur of our Committee, Ms Aysu BANKOĞLU.

Sexual violence against men and boys takes place in many different places and countries and contexts, often very close to us, while this serious human rights violation continues to remain invisible. As the rapporteur recalls, men and boys in all their diversity can suffer sexual violence and measures to prevent and combat it and to protect survivors should be applied without discrimination on any grounds following an intersectional approach.

As the draft resolution indicates, we need to tackle all barriers preventing male survivors of sexual violence from reporting, seeking assistance, support, justice and redress. It is also urgent to tackle systemic weaknesses in organisations and institutions which leave men and boys vulnerable to sexual violence and expose it to harm. We all know examples of this in our member states.

To address the problem, we need to start by talking about it, giving it visibility, discussing its causes and coming up with solutions to prevent and combat it. The report by our colleague Mr Edmunds CEPURĪTIS does exactly this. I urge you to support it and vote in favour of the draft resolution.

Thank you.

Vote : Violences sexuelles à l'encontre des hommes et des garçons

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

11:06:37

Thank you, Ms Catia POLIDOR.

So, the debate is closed now, and we will now proceed to vote on the draft resolution contained in Document 16250, to which no amendments have been tabled.

So, a simple majority is required.

The vote is open.

We close the vote.

I call for the result to be displayed.

Unanimously adopted.

Congratulations.

Débat : Garantir la liberté de déplacement des membres de l'Assemblée parlementaire dans l'exercice de leurs fonctions

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

11:07:21

So, I'd like to start already with the next item of business this morning. And it is the debate on the report titled "Ensuring Parliamentary Assembly members can travel freely to carry out their work", which is Document 16252, and which will be presented by Mr Sergiy VLASENKO on behalf of the Committee on Rules, Ethics and Immunities.

May I ask the rapporteur and the Chair of the Committee to take their place?

Is everyone ready?

Everyone is ready, so, I also remind speakers that the speaking time will be limited to 2 minutes, because we want to finish the speakers list at noon, so that we finish the item at 12:10 p.m.

So now I call Mr Sergiy VLASENKO as rapporteur. So, you have 7 minutes now and then 3 minutes at the end to reply to the debate.

Mister Sergiy VLASENKO, you have the floor.

M. Sergiy VLASENKO

Ukraine, PPE/DC, Rapporteur

11:08:50

Thank you. Thank you, Mister President.

I would like to start with a note, but that's maybe quite tricky, to discuss the issue of participation of members on Friday. I think everybody knows what I'm talking about, but today I see that, for a Friday, there is a lot of people.

Yes, but talking seriously. On the one hand, we have a problem with active participation, which is sure and which is part of Ms Petra BAYR's report also in our Committee. And on the other hand, we have several attempts of the national parliaments to not allow members to participate in this or that way. By the way, you couldn't even imagine in what forums the national parliaments are not allowing their members to participate. So, sometimes it is even tricky things.

If we talk about the groups, there are budgetary limitations, organisational limitations, politically-motivated limitations. Sorry to say that, as in my home country Ukraine, there are martial law limitations. There are also blacklists like in Azerbaijan, or criminal cases launched against the members, as is done in the Russian Federation against the members of this honoured Parliamentary Assembly. Also, for the members who are outside the Schengen area, there are additional limitations, like visa limitations, like border-crossing limitations, and so on and so on. So there are a lot of limitations which do not allow our members to participate actively in this honourable Parliamentary Assembly.

But I would like to remind all member states that, according to the Charter of the Council of Europe and to the Rules of Procedure of the Parliamentary Assembly, that's an international obligation. International obligation. And the international obligation is not to allow members to participate, but to do their best for the member states. To help the members of this honourable Parliamentary Assembly to participate in the activities of the Parliamentary Assembly. That's one part, let's say, of the report and the resolution.

The second part deals with the General Agreement on Privileges and Immunities (GAPI), which grants the members of this Parliamentary Assembly additional immunities, additional to their immunities as the members of national parliaments. There are several articles of the GAPI – Articles 13, 14 and 15 – dealing with additional immunities which are granted to members to participate.

Just to clarify this situation, I made a fact-finding mission to Armenia because one of the examples is in Armenia. The second was in Poland, and you know the situation with the member Mr Marcin ROMANOWSKI, when we waived the immunity. I would like to thank the Armenian authorities for their fruitful co-operation. I hope, really hope, that after that visit and after the adoption of this resolution, the situation for Armenian members will be improved strongly.

Also, I would like to say, I would like to remind that the GAPI, the General Agreement on Privileges and Immunities, is also an international obligation. But it is a pity to say for me, as a rapporteur, that public servants of many, many, many, many, many states, including old democracies, new democracies, non-democracies and so on and so on,  don't even know that such an international treaty exists. So that's why we made several proposals on how to deal with that situation, how to improve the situation of knowledge of the existence of this international treaty and how to explain to the law enforcement of the member states, how to explain to the courts of the member states, how to deal with the immunities, additional immunities of members of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe.

Also we were dealing with a situation. When we clarify the situation, in this case, who should decide when there are some conflicting obligations for members of this Parliamentary Assembly and their duties as members of national parliaments. That's not the leadership of your parliament who should decide, that's not the leadership of a political group. You are the persons who will decide what they should do. Should they go to the activities of this Parliamentary Assembly? Nobody has the right to limit you in that. Or you will stay in your national parliament and vote for the budget for the cabinet of ministers, for whatever. Because we also had an example when the whole delegation was not – I couldn't use the word 'allowed' – but was limited in visiting this Parliamentary Assembly because, in the national parliament, there was voting for the cabinet of ministers, or for the budget, or for whatever.

Also, it's a pity also to say, but we also have examples when the limitation had a politically-motivated nature. So sometimes, but obviously, it is dealing with the oppositional deputies, when the governmental part or the majority of the national parliament is trying to limit the oppositional deputy's participation in the activities of this Parliamentary Assembly. We are also dealing with that in the report and in the resolution.

As a result of the adoption of this resolution, there will be some changes made to the Rules of Procedure. Also, we amend the guidelines on the scope of the parliamentary immunities. We clarify a little bit the usage, the implementation of Article 13 of GAPI.

So I will resume by saying that this resolution, on the one hand, is rather very, very technical, but on the other hand it is basic, because the participation of members, the free participation of members of national parliaments as members of this Assembly is a core of this organisation. Because without the participation, this Parliamentary Assembly couldn't work at all.

So I would like to end with a thanks to the Secretariat, with a thanks to the Committee and I will encourage you to vote in favour of the resolution.

Thank you.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

11:15:51

Thank you. Then I give the floor to Mr Damien COTTIER on behalf of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe. 

You have the floor, 2 minutes. [In French]

M. Damien COTTIER

Suisse, ADLE, Porte-parole du groupe

11:16:04

Thank you, Mister Chair.

As you can see, I found the button on the first try.

And, above all, thank you to the rapporteur for this report, which is important because it enables our Assembly, or will help our Assembly, to function properly. The issues that the rapporteur has just raised are crucial to the functioning of this Assembly, which works in parallel with the national parliaments. And as we are all national parliamentarians, we know that this can pose practical difficulties. But this Assembly must also be able to function to the full and must not be restricted for either technical or political reasons, or for political reasons hidden behind technical arguments.

So we must be able to attend not only this Assembly, but also the work of the committees, delegations, networks and electoral observation missions, for example, or other forms of work of this Assembly, without our national government or our national parliament preventing us from doing so, for good or bad reasons. It is up to us to decide.

I am President of my parliamentary group in the Swiss National Parliament. I'm obviously not happy when one of the members of my group is absent for reasons of international obligation, but the rapporteur is right to say that it's not up to me, as group leader, to decide whether he or she can attend. It is up to him or her, as an elected representative, to set his or her priorities in the light of the issues being dealt with and the way he or she sees priorities, because he or she has been directly elected by the people. And finally, as a colleague in Parliament, even if I am the leader of the group, I am not its leader on these issues, and I don't have to decide.

So these points are important. And furthermore, our governments or parliaments do not limit the possibility for members of the Assembly to intervene in another country, because our system provides for these immunities and these opportunities to work.

So the work that has been done clarifies a number of things, and thank you for that, it is necessary. I think that what the rapporteur is proposing is also very important. An effort must be made to provide information, because it is often due to a lack of knowledge that these clauses are not applied. And insisting on this work seems to me to be an essential element.

The Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe fully supports this report.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

11:18:13

Thank you. Merci, Mr Damien COTTIER.

And now I give the floor to Mr Berdan ÖZTÜRK. On behalf of the Unified European Left. You have 2 minutes.

M. Berdan ÖZTÜRK

Türkiye, GUE, Porte-parole du groupe

11:18:23

Thank you very much. Thank you, Mister Chair.

First, I would like to thank your rapporteurs for their hard work, especially the Secretariat as well.

It's a very important topic, ensuring that members of this Assembly can travel freely is fundamental to the very purpose of our institution. Deprivation of free movement is not an abstract concept. It includes administrative, legal and judicial restrictions such as detention, house arrest, curfews, the surrender of passports and travel bans. These measures, whether temporary or indefinite, directly obstruct our capacity to carry out our parliamentary work. Such restrictions are not merely technical obstacles, they weaken our collective ability to safeguard democracy, human rights and the rule of law.

When a member is prevented from attending sessions, election observations or missions, the entire Assembly is deprived of their contribution and perspective. One of my colleagues from Türkiye faced a travel ban for nearly a year, preventing participation in the Assembly's work. This is not acceptable. It sends a chilling message that political or administrative measures can be used to silence elected representatives.

We must be clear. Governments have a responsibility to facilitate, not hinder, the work of parliamentarians. Using travel restrictions as a political tool undermines both individual rights and the credibility of institutions.

Colleagues, if we are serious about defending democracy and the rule of law, we must ensure that all our members can exercise their mandate without fear, obstruction or restriction.

Safeguarding freedom of movement is safeguarding the integrity of this Assembly.

Thank you. 

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

11:20:37

Thank you.

Now I will give the floor to Ms Petra BAYR on behalf of the Socialists, Democrats and Greens Group. You have 2 minutes.

Mme Petra BAYR

Autriche, SOC, Porte-parole du groupe

11:20:43

Thank you very much.

Politics is made by human beings, and human beings are social beings, and ideas are shaped by exchange, by interaction and sometimes by very hard debates, of course.

For these ideas, visions, we need to come together. We need to travel freely, without unnecessary administrative burdens or any other restrictions, to get a visa or anything like that. What we need is resources and no excuses.

Indeed, coming together here for a week is expensive, and it needs a lot of technical support, and it needs a lot of our time. I think it is better, because whatever problem we can settle here, whatever conflicts can be halted, on the table or in a plenary room like that, it is better to ensure lives here. It is better to debate about how to stop wars here. And it is better to think here about what a healthy environment could look like.

Because what it costs when we have wars, we are just seeing right now in Ukraine, where we have a lot of material and immaterial costs of a war and suffering, the destruction of visions, the destruction of ideas and the basis of life. These costs are in no relation to what it costs here in resources, time and technical support when we try to hold it.

So states must make human encounter possible, must make it possible for us, supporter MPs, to fill parliamentary diplomacy with life. I think that Mr Sergiy VLASENKO suggests some very important steps in this way.

So thank you very much for this report.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

11:22:45

Vielen Dank, Ms Petra BAYR.

And then for the next speaker I go to Mr Vladimir VARDANYAN on behalf of the Group of the European People's Party.

You have 2 minutes.

M. Vladimir VARDANYAN

Arménie, PPE/DC, Porte-parole du groupe

11:22:57

Thank you, Mister Chair.

"The military and civilian authorities of members and friendly states are requested to extend all national facilities to the bearer of the present card in carrying out his or her duties to allow him or her to pass without delay or hindrance, and in case of need, to accord all necessary lawful assistance and protection".

This is the document each of us get when we become members of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, which we call a laissez-passer. I'm almost sure that many of you haven't used it at all, because it's useless, because at the airport, in the state authorities of foreign countries, actually very, very rarely do people have any information about what's mentioned here.

But the basis of this document is an international treaty. And this international treaty is quite necessary for everybody. And when we speak about the participation in the meetings and other events of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, we speak about "multi-layer obligation". And this obligation is first of all an obligation of each and every member of this Assembly.

If our members have other priorities, it's better to be very sincere with each other, with themselves, and take into account that we are dealing not with just a club of interests, but we are dealing with one of the most influential and most important European organisations in the field of democracy and here in this hemicycle should be respected.

But this is also a message. This report is a message to all the authorities, to all the member states, to follow all the requirements we have established in the General Agreement on Privileges and Immunities of the Council of Europe (GAPI). And first of all, this is message to our national parliaments and national authorities, because we should first of all ensure all the protection and all the respect to the members of our national delegations.

I would like to congratulate Mr Sergiy VLASENKO, the rapporteurs, for this very important and very timely report, which somehow would increase visibility of this Organisation and maybe also this card.

Thank you.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

11:25:07

 Thank you, Mr Vladimir VARDANYAN.

Then I go to Ms Cristina Gabriella DUMITRESCU on behalf of the European Conservatives, Patriots & Affiliates Group.

You have 2 minutes.

(No, no, just wait. Wait, wait.)

Mme Cristina Gabriella DUMITRESCU

Roumanie, CEPA, Porte-parole du groupe

11:25:37

Mister President.

First of all, I would like to thank Mr Sergiy VLASENKO for taking this important initiative, because the issues addressed are fundamental for protecting the rights of the members of this Parliamentary Assembly and preserving trust, independence and credibility in our institution.

We are witnessing systematic violation of parliamentary immunity and creating space for unchecked political pressure and political persecution. The main problem is that real guarantees are treated either as empty formalities or are deliberately ignored. This challenge falls especially on opposition members, revealing a clear pattern of selective application of immunity protection. It manifests in many ways, including breaches of the presumption of innocence, the consistent shaping of negative public opinion against certain parliamentarians, and the systematic use of legal, financial and technological tools to obstruct free political activity and silence dissent.

If we cannot secure recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of our own members, then we must ask ourselves whether we can truly claim to defend democracy and human rights at all.

I, therefore, urge the Parliamentary Assembly to recognise that systematic violations of immunity are clear manifestations of political pressure, affirm that the use of criminal or civil proceedings as instruments of pressure against parliamentarians is incompatible with the values of the Council of Europe and the principles of democracy, demand the immediate seizure of all measures restricting the rights and mandates of Assembly members, ask national parliamentarians for the largest possible presence – members and substitutes – because there have been countless cases in multiple countries when parliaments have not approved the travel of Parliamentary Assembly members to plenary or committee meetings, yet they have come at their own expense.

Colleagues,

Defending a single mandate means defending the integrity of the entire Parliamentary Assembly.

Thank you.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

11:27:51

Thank you, Ms Cristina Gabriella DUMITRESCU.

Now I go to the normal speakers list. First one is Mr Gerardo GIOVAGNOLI. You have 2 minutes.

M. Gerardo GIOVAGNOLI

Saint-Marin, SOC

11:28:03

Thank you President, I will speak Italian.

It is always depressing and disheartening to note the need to analyse and pose the establishment of new rules to violations of basic, or seemingly self-evident rights, such as that of parliamentarians to travel freely to carry out their work, as solutions.

What we are discussing today is not a basic human right, but it certainly is for us parliamentarians, and it should be commonplace to recognise and respect this right.

But we have seen the Polish cases, the Armenian cases, the giant case of Azerbaijan, which by the way is not new to this kind of initiative.

During their rotating presidency of the Council of Europe, in 2014, they already prevented the French Head of Delegation Mr René ROUQUET from entering Azerbaijan, despite the fact that he was also Vice-President of our Parliamentary Assembly. So, evidently, this report has reason to exist.

I thank the rapporteur Mr Sergiy VLASENKO for having gone in depth on the subject, not only with regard to unjustified restrictive measures, blacklists and, therefore, impediments to travel by parliamentarians, but also taken from the other point of view, not only to hit parliamentarians in what they can do, but in facilitating – this is analysed – facilitating movement and making these rights, which seem fundamental to us, clearer.

So, I also applaud this initiative, which takes both rights and duties into account.

Thank you.

M. Andries GRYFFROY

Belgique, ADLE, Président de l'Assemblée

11:30:01

"Thank you" [in Italian]. 

Then we go to Ms Victoria TIBLOM. You have 2 minutes.

Mme Victoria TIBLOM

Suède, CEPA

11:30:09

Thank you Mister President,

And thank you, rapporteur, Mr Sergiy VLASENKO.

As I read the report, I felt slightly embarrassed to learn that there were many more travel restrictions introduced by some of our member states over the years than I had thought, whether they were in regard to visas for travel to other countries or in permitting entry into one’s own country on the part of an apparently unwanted member, often for unspecified reasons.

The rapporteur points out, that these restrictions often fly in the face of long-standing agreements, treaties that were respected ever since the founding years of the Council of Europe. Many of these restrictions seem to be individually targeted and nominative.

And this may hamper the work of a visiting rapporteur, sent by a Committee or the whole Parliamentary Assembly, in order to study a certain event such as an election in a country, or to describe in an Assembly report the situation or likely evolution in a given region in a member state.

As a consequence, an under-informed rapporteur becomes an under-informed Parliamentary Assembly, to which often comes a reputation for inner strife in the Council of Europe as a whole.

In conclusion, we should use this report to pressure our own parliaments and governments to live up to the standards of their parliamentary forebears, when it comes to travel required for their work on behalf of us all.

Thank you.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

11:31:46

Thank you, Ms Victoria TIBLOM.

Now it's Ms Bisera KOSTADINOVSKA-STOJCHEVSKA. Bisera.

Mme Bisera KOSTADINOVSKA-STOJCHEVSKA

Macédoine du Nord, SOC

11:31:52

Thank you, Mister President.

I would like to thank the Rapporteur for this wonderful report. I'll make sure that my parliamentary assembly receives it.

North Macedonia is celebrating 30 years of full membership of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. And this is the first time that North Macedonia is mentioned in this report as, I would say, a problem country. We've been, in those 30 years, through wars, we've been through Covid, and it has never been the case for a member of the delegation to be prevented from travelling.

I would hate to say that this mandate, the Parliamentary Assembly and the parliamentarians of the delegation of North Macedonia have had troubles in participating in the Parliamentary Assembly, with decisions being made on who can participate in the main sittings in the committees, in the subcommittees based on an unknown basis, not financial, nor any reasonable doubts. We have a head of delegation who makes decisions on behalf of the whole delegation and not notifying the rest of the delegation.

And the last and the most interesting example was when official documents from the Assembly regarding our travels were published on Facebook and the President of the Assembly did not want to launch an official investigation into how that happened. So we as parliamentarians are quite aware of the obligations that we have, of the notification that we give, of the values that we have to share.

So I hope that this report will help my assembly in improving the work of the members of the delegation of North Macedonia to the Parliamentary Assembly here. Thank you very much.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

11:33:43

Thank you, Ms Bisera KOSTADINOVSKA-STOJCHEVSKA.

Mr Hannes GERMANN is next.

M. Hannes GERMANN

Suisse, ADLE

11:33:49

Thank you very much, Mister President.

Dear colleagues,

First of all, I would like to thank the Committee for the draft resolution. The document contributes significantly to clarifying important provisions for the proper performance of the tasks and mandates of the Council of states.

In this context, a member of our delegation was recently refused entry to a certain country. Given that such unpleasant incidents occur time and again, there is a clear need for action.

I consider the amendments to Rule 73 and the Rules of Procedure and the guidelines on the scope of parliamentary immunity of Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe members listed in point 7 to be particularly important. Specifically, this concerns the clarification of the type of travel and tasks for which members are protected by parliamentary immunity, or rather, should be protected.

Equally important, on the other hand, is the clarification of travel restrictions imposed as a result of criminal investigations, which would have an active impact on the performance of duties.

Ultimately, it is a matter of clarifying the practical steps that need to be taken by national parliaments and by judicial, investigative and law enforcement authorities. Unfortunately, national governments repeatedly fail to adequately respect the immunity of our members. This, in turn, compromises the quality of the work performed not only by individual members, but by the entire mission. I, therefore, welcome the fact that our Bureau will in future be able to intervene more forcefully on behalf of the Assembly of the Council of Europe.

Thank you.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

11:35:55

Thank you, Mr Hannes GERMANN.

Mr Hayk MAMIJANYAN.

M. Hayk MAMIJANYAN

Arménie, PPE/DC

11:36:03

Honourable Chair,

Dear colleagues,

I want to thank the rapporteur for addressing this important issue and for mentioning the case of the member of our delegation Mr Armen GEVORGYAN. Travel restrictions for the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) members imposed by the member states are unacceptable. This goes against the very nature of our institution. But how have we got here?

I will try to answer this question. We got here because at some point the guardians of democracy, international institutions like PACE, fell asleep or pretended to do so. And now we shouldn’t just focus on travel restrictions for PACE members. It would be too selfish. We should go beyond this.

As I mentioned to the rapporteur during our meeting in Yerevan a member of parliament (MP) from our faction, Mr. Taron MARGARYAN, and many other opposition MPs in my country are not allowed to fulfil their duties because of politically motivated travel bans. They must apply to the judge or investigator for permission to go abroad and represent their country - the job they were elected for by the people. And those permissions are not always granted.

But they are relatively lucky, because our colleagues, opposition MP Artur SARGSYAN, Davit GALSTYAN, Archbishops Bagrat GALSTANYAN and Mikael AJAPAHYAN, philanthropist Samvel KARAPETYAN and almost 30 other political prisoners are under arrest in my country. So, we should fight the cause, not the symptom. Because the three core values of the Council of Europe are human rights, democracy and rule of law, not geopolitical interests or authoritarianism.

Thank you.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

11:37:49

So, dear Mr Hayk MAMIJANYAN, I need to answer to what you have said.

You characterisation about the Assembly that was sleeping or pretend to sleep. It is an unacceptable characterisation. And it is unacceptable because not only during my presidency, but during my predecessor's presidency, whenever, whenever, in all cases, a parliamentarian was banned or his application was rejected by his parliament to travel anywhere the Council of Europe or committees of the Council of Europe were gathering, the speakers of the Parliament received a complaint letter.

So there's not even one case that one can raise in this hemicycle where the speakers of this Parliament didn't react in cases like the one that you mentioned. So I would like a rethink of what you have said.

I'm going now to Ms Bernadeta COMA.

Mme Bernadeta COMA

Andorre, ADLE

11:38:50

Mister President, dear colleagues, ladies and gentlemen,

This report rightly points out that freedom of movement is essential to the proper functioning and democratic integrity of our Assembly. It enables members to carry out their duties to the full, to take part in debates and to represent their fellow citizens effectively.

Beyond its practical significance, freedom of movement is legally enshrined in the 1949 General Agreement on Privileges and Immunities of the Council of Europe and its 1952 Additional Protocol.

It is therefore a fundamental tool for inter-parliamentary co-operation and dialogue between member states. In fact, the report clearly identifies the obstacles that persist today.

In this respect, allow me to bring a particular perspective, that of small states, such as Andorra, mentioned in the report. I would like to stress that the Andorran Parliament has always facilitated the mobility of its members, particularly for international meetings.

However, our institutional reality means that our parliamentarians must simultaneously fulfil their national responsibilities, their professional activities and their international commitments in a context of necessarily limited human and budgetary resources.

This situation, which is typical of small states, can affect the regularity of our attendance, particularly outside plenary sessions. That said, we are working to improve this situation and make our contribution at international level more effective.

I also read with great interest the section of the report on blacklists, such as the one drawn up by Azerbaijan. Such measures seem to me to undermine the freedom of conscience of parliamentarians and the principles of the Council of Europe.

Guaranteeing freedom of movement means ensuring the full participation of all members of this Assembly and therefore strengthening its legitimacy.

Thank you for your attention.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

11:41:01

Thank you, Ms Bernadeta COMA.

Ms Béatrice FRESKO-ROLFO, you have the floor.

Mme Béatrice FRESKO-ROLFO

Monaco, ADLE

11:41:10

Mister Chairman, 

Ladies and gentlemen,

This is a crucial issue for our democracies and for honouring the commitments we have made to our citizens. The freedom of Members of Parliament to travel abroad is not only a fundamental right, it is also essential to the performance of the legislative and representative duties incumbent on the members of our institutions.

Taking part in international conferences, assemblies and forums enables us to compare our ideas and debate major global issues, as well as promoting the interests of our countries.

Parliamentary diplomacy is essential in strengthening bilateral and multilateral ties and helps to develop solid partnerships.

Moreover, by observing and understanding best practice in legislation and public policy, we can improve our own systems.

However, it has to be said that many of our colleagues today find their freedom restricted. These restrictions, justified on financial grounds, are very often motivated by political considerations, aimed at silencing certain voices or curbing their international participation. Or, as a reprisal for a vote held in this democratic chamber, 77 members of our Assembly have been banned from entering Azerbaijan.

In the face of such abuses, it is our duty to reaffirm that freedom of movement for parliamentarians is not an option, but an essential condition for the proper functioning of our democracies and our institution. To guarantee this essential freedom, our rapporteur is proposing a number of measures that I think are highly relevant.

We need to work together to create an environment in which all parliamentarians can exercise their mandate without fear of reprisals or restrictions.

Let us protect this freedom, because freedom of movement for parliamentarians is a sine qua non for the effectiveness of our democracies, and for ensuring that the voices of our peoples are heard on the international stage.

Thank you very much.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

11:43:09

Thank you, Ms Béatrice FRESKO-ROLFO.

The last speaker on my list is Mr Oleksii GONCHARENKO. Oleksii.

M. Oleksii GONCHARENKO

Ukraine, CEPA

11:43:17

Thank you. Thank you, President.

First of all, thanks to the rapporteur and the Committee for a big job done. Unfortunately, this report is partly built on my case, my personal case, when during 2023, a number of times I was not allowed to cross the border of Ukraine to participate in the events of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. This was done by the government as a kind of leverage against me as an opposition politician, which is absolutely unacceptable.

And I want to thank the President and Secretary General who always reacted. Because of your strong reaction and the preparation of this report, this practise was stopped. For the last two years I have fully worked as a member of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe without restrictions. But it should be avoided in future.

But we are here, and this is even more important. We are here in this Parliamentary Assembly not to protect the rights of peace. We are here to protect human rights. We are here to protect democracy and the rule of law in general. Unfortunately, I need to tell you, millions of people in Ukraine today are deprived of their right to freely cross the border. It is explained and justified by the war. But unfortunately we see that those who wanted to run away from their duty to protect the country did it through corruption. Now it creates just distrust in Ukrainian society. This is the most dangerous because closed borders, they don't protect the frontline, but they protect corruption and then create a distrust inside society, which is very dangerous, especially in times of war.

In the Ukrainian parliament there is my bill about letting all people fully and freely cross the border when they need to do this. We need to do this in Ukraine as soon as possible, because millions of people have all the right to move, to cross the border. And this will just make Ukraine stronger.

Thank you.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

11:45:24

Mr Oleksii GONCHARENKO, thank you and for your kind words.

Of course, I disagree a bit with you. You said we are not here to protect the MPs, but the human rights. I believe that even politicians are human beings.

Thank you so much.

Thank you all. That concludes the list of speakers.

I call now Mr Sergiy VLASENKO, rapporteur, to reply. Sergiy, you have 3 minutes.

M. Sergiy VLASENKO

Ukraine, PPE/DC, Rapporteur

11:45:44

Thank you.

Thank you, President.

Because there were no questions, it will be easy to speak.

And the first thing I would like to start with is to thank once more the Secretariat for their brilliant job, the Committee for their brilliant job, the President and the Bureau, who put that issue on Friday as the last one. So that is also very good. We debated it freely and openly.

And by the way, I would like to support the President in his reaction on our Armenian colleagues' intervention. And by the way, thanks to all the colleagues for their interventions. I could witness when we had a fact-finding mission in Armenia, I could witness that the position of the President of the Assembly was of huge importance in solving the situation. Because without this intervention of the President, it wouldn't have been possible to solve the situation. And the situation was solved and our fellow colleague was present here and he had the possibility to participate.

And by the way, by the changes of rules, we give to the President a little bit more discretion in this area, which will be very helpful.

As for me, I would like to address all the national delegations and maybe I will kindly ask the President if this resolution will be voted on just to inform the national parliaments about these decisions and focus their attention also to the General Agreement on Privileges and Immunities of the Council of Europe, which is – I will say it once more – it's an international treaty which is obligatory for members. So maybe it will help.

As we see, the report is working because Mr Oleksii GONCHARENKO is with us for two years with no problems, which is also good. And I would like also to say, as Mr Gerardo GIOVAGNOLI said, that all this should be self-evident. Yes, I agree with you, but it isn't. But that's why this report appeared and that's why we are discussing that. Our Mr Hannes GERMANN from Switzerland, he mentioned the situation with one of the members of the Swiss delegation – I know that problem, and that problem was created because Azerbaijan adopted the blacklist of 77 members of this Assembly, including the President of the Assembly, who are not allowed to visit Azerbaijan, which is absolutely unacceptable. Absolutely unacceptable.

What is equally unacceptable is the launching of criminal cases by Russian authorities against concrete members of this Assembly. We understand that they are politically motivated. So, I will also just draw your attention to the status of our laissez-passer and I will kindly ask the President to inform the member states about the status of laissez-passer to be used more precisely, especially in France and Germany.

And my last reaction will be to Ms Petra BAYR's statement saying that politicians are not only social beings. I agree with that. They are also Group of the European People's Party beings, Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe beings, European Conservatives, Patriots & Affiliates beings and United European Left beings. Thank you.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

11:48:50

Thank you, Mr Sergiy VLASENKO, and for your kind words.

Mr Christophe BRICO, would you like to take the floor for 3 minutes as the Vice-Chairperson of the Committee?

Mr Christophe BRICO. 

M. Christophe BRICO

Monaco, PPE/DC, Vice-Président of the Commission du Règlement, de l’éthique et des immunités

11:49:00

Thank you, Mister Chairman.

I would like to join Mr Sergiy VLASENKO in thanking the General Secretariat and its teams for their absolutely crucial support, particularly in his work. But above all, I would like to thank the members of the Committee on Rules, Ethics and Immunities, who do a discreet job, not necessarily one in which there is much political capital to be gained, but whose sole purpose is to improve the quality of our work in this Assembly and to ensure that it is conducted ethically and deontologically. This is the main subject of the Committee on Rules, Ethics and Immunities. Thank you to everyone, and to all the political groups, for all your work.

Finally, to return to the subject, and I won't use up all the time available to me, there's an interesting point. An international organisation is a rather strange creature. In our national parliaments, we all guarantee immunity for the exercise of freedom of expression. We believe that a parliamentarian must be free to express themselves in order to be able to act politically. Well, in an international organisation, freedom of movement is as important as freedom of expression. Both are pillars.

And finally, I would like to join Mr Sergiy VLASENKO in reminding the Member States that the General Agreement on Privileges and Immunities of the Council of Europe, and all its additional protocols, since there are a number of them, is a text of international agreement that is absolutely statutory and binding, that must be complied with, as well as, of course, the statutes of the Council itself.

So thank you very much, Mr Sergiy VLASENKO, for this important report. There are still enough people for this work. And I would also like to thank all the colleagues who have spoken and emphasised the importance of this work.

So thank you very much and let's move on to the vote.

Vote : Garantir la liberté de déplacement des membres de l'Assemblée parlementaire dans l'exercice de leurs fonctions

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

11:50:49

Thank you, Mr Christophe BRICO.

Dear colleagues,

The debate is closed.

The Committee on Rules, Ethics and Immunities has presented a draft resolution. The Document is under number 16252, to which 4 amendments have been tabled.

They will be taken in the order in which they appear in the compendium. I remind you that speeches and amendments are limited to 30 seconds.

I understand that the Vice-Chairperson of the Committee wishes to propose to the Parliamentary Assembly that Amendments 1, 2 and 4 to the draft resolution, which were unanimously approved by the Committee, be declared as definitely approved.

Is that so, Mr Christophe BRICO?

M. Christophe BRICO

Monaco, PPE/DC, Vice-Président of the Commission du Règlement, de l’éthique et des immunités

11:51:24

That's right, Mister President.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

11:51:26

Yes. Thank you.

If no one objects, I will consider the amendments to be approved. Is there any objection? No. The amendments are approved.

I understand that the Vice-President of the Committee wishes to propose to the Assembly that Amendment 3 to the draft resolution, which was rejected by the committee with a two-thirds majority, be declared as definitely rejected. Is that so, Mr Christophe BRICO?

M. Christophe BRICO

Monaco, PPE/DC, Vice-Président of the Commission du Règlement, de l’éthique et des immunités

11:51:53

It is.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

11:51:54

Thank you.

If no one objects, I will consider the amendment to be rejected. Any objection? No. The amendment is rejected.

We will now proceed to vote on the draft resolution contained in Document 16252, as amended. A simple majority is required.

The vote is open.

The vote is closed.

I call for the result to be displayed.

The draft resolution in Document 16252, as amended, is unanimously adopted.

Thank you so much for your excellent work.

Débat libre

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

11:53:01

Now, we come to the free debate.

I remind members that this debate is for topics not already on the Agenda agreed by the Assembly. Speaking time will be limited to 2 minutes. Speakers should start by identifying the topic you wish to raise.

And, according to the list that I have here on behalf of the political groups, I have Mr Gerardo GIOVAGNOLI from the Socialists, Democrats and Greens Group.

M. Gerardo GIOVAGNOLI

Saint-Marin, SOC, Porte-parole du groupe

11:53:38

Thank you, Mister President.

I will talk about the election in Moldova last weekend. They are of crucial importance within the broader context of the country's path towards the European Union accession, which was already the subject of our referendum last year. Reflecting the high stakes, there were attempts founded with millions of euros, to influence the vote in favour of pro-Russian candidates through practises such as direct vote buying, propaganda and anti-European disinformation. These were compounded by more sophisticated and insidious threats orchestrated via social networks and artificial intelligence tools, prompting Moldovan authorities to establish a specialised agency to counter such phenomena. The political climate was highly polarised.

Nonetheless, the election was concluded, conducted in a calm and orderly manner. Polling stations demonstrated a high level of organisation with competent and well prepared commissions, almost entirely composed of women, who managed operations with great professionalism. The outcome exceeded expectations for the ruling party PAS (Party of Action and Solidarity), which secured over 50% of the vote, clearly confirming the electorate's desire to continue along the country's European path, particularly in North Florești with the increase in voter turnout, far from guaranteed in the current climate, indicating widespread awareness of the importance of the vote.

However, several critical issues must be acknowledged. The vast majority was made possible largely thanks to the diaspora vote, which supported the party at significantly higher rates than domestic voters. There was a sharp reduction in polling stations in the Transnistria region, preventing many citizens from crossing the border to vote and the late decision to invalidate the candidacy of two parties led to disputes over the result.

In conclusion, while recognising the historic significance of this election and the role in consolidating Moldova's democratic path in alignment with the values of the Council of Europe, it is essential that the ruling party takes into account the views of the opposition and the citizens who supported it. In a country marked by deep internal tension and external threats, fostering unity and sharp purpose is vital to ensure that the process of European integration continues in a stable and irreversible manner.

Thank you.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

11:56:08

Thank you, Mr Gerardo GIOVAGNOLI.

On behalf of the European Conservatives, Patriots & Affiliates, Mr Oleksii GONCHARENKO, Oleksii, you have the floor.

M. Oleksii GONCHARENKO

Ukraine, CEPA, Porte-parole du groupe

11:56:17

Thank you, dear Chairman,

Using this opportunity of free debate, I would like to tell you about the work of the biggest network of educational cultural centres in Ukraine, which is called Goncharenko Centres.

We have 43 centres in the whole country – 43 – including a centre 20 kilometres from the Russian border.

Unfortunately, we needed to stop operations in some of our centres in the Donbas area because of the Russian aggression.

One of our centres is occupied in the Kherson region in Oleshky, but the other 43 centres are working every day, 24/7, to support people, to give education and culture, and to support Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs).

Today I would like to thank all our partners who are helping us. It's: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), it's the European Union (EU), the Hepatica Foundation (Sweden), Konrad Adenauer Stiftung (Germany), Jarl Hjalmarson Foundation (Sweden), International Renaissance Foundation, the University of Pennsylvania, Cisco Networking Academy, Shih Chien University (Taiwan), the National Open University of Taiwan, Lord Ashcroft and his Foundation, American Enterprise Institute, Atlantic Council, Razom for Ukraine, International Democracy Union, International Republican Institute, Danube Institute.

During the years that our network has been operating, we have had more than 2 million students – 2 400 000 who have visited our centres.

We now have more than 500 active teachers.

We have more than 152 000 events which happened in our network.

And that is a great job which is done every day in Ukraine despite the war, despite the shelling and bombs falling on our heads, because we believe in education, we believe in culture, we believe in Ukraine, and we believe in Europe. 

Slava Ukraini.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

11:58:20

Thank you, Mr Oleksii GONCHARENKO.

You're absolutely right. Education is the pillar of democracy. That's why I want to remind you, dear colleagues, that I have announced at the beginning of this session that I have sent a letter, after consulting the Bureau, to the speakers of your parliaments. And those who have good relations with the speakers, please remind them that there is a proposal on behalf of the Assembly to initiate, once a year, one hour for the Council of Europe in schools, so children will learn once a year what the Council of Europe stands for.

Now I give the floor to Mr Mike READER.

M. Mike READER

Royaume-Uni, SOC

11:58:59

Thank you, Mister Chairman.

Dear colleagues,

I'm going to talk today about access to food and food security. As the chair of the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Food and Drink, this is a topic that's very close to my heart. 

The Council of Europe exists to uphold shared values: the protection of rights, the defence of democracy and the setting of standards that safeguard people’s dignity.

Those standards should extend to the right to access for safe food, fairness of working conditions and the resilience of the systems that sustain our communities.

That is why I want to raise particularly the forthcoming UK–EU agreement on sanitary and phytosanitary measures, the "SPS Agreement".

On the surface, it may just look like a technical negotiation. But in reality, it is an opportunity to embed the principles of this Council of Europe into how trade is delivered, by ensuring that co-operation between European nations strengthens protections rather than weakens them, and that no country is forced into a race to the bottom on quality or safety.

Europe is the UK’s closest trading partner. Under Labour, Britain will not be re-joining the single market or customs union, but we are pursuing pragmatic alignment where it cuts red tape, strengthens supply chains and supports our shared climate and security goals.

Closer co-operation will reduce spill to my constituents. It will protect consumers and give businesses the certainty they need.

The SPS agreement should set the highest possible standards of food safety for animal welfare and plant health. It can simplify trade, open markets and give farmers, producers, and consumers the stability they deserve. Above all, this agreement shows how Europe can work together turn promises into delivery.

It is our chance to prove that Britain and Europe can work together for fairness, protection and mutual respect and demonstrate that co-operation, not division, is the path to prosperity.

Thank you.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

12:00:57

Thank you, Mr Mike READER. Mr Rónán MULLEN is next.

M. Rónán MULLEN

Irlande, PPE/DC

12:01:04

Thank you, Chair.

I want to address yesterday's attack in Manchester. Our thoughts must all be with the victims of this dreadful attack on Yom Kippur, the Jewish Day of Atonement.

This Assembly works to promote democracy, human rights and the rule of law. But yesterday's events, on top of the many sorrows and outrages that we've been thinking about and discussing this week, must remind us that something more is needed.

We must work for fraternity. We must pay close attention to the demographic evolution of our societies. Yes, because the decisions we make today will determine the state of our societies tomorrow. But we can't just pull up the drawbridge of our own countries and pretend that all will be well, because we have to be protagonists for peace and justice in our own lives, but also at home and abroad.

And where there's no vision, the people perish, the book of Proverbs reminds us. Let's consider whether the emptiness and alienation in so many hearts that turns people to violence and extremism has its roots in the way that we have shaped our own societies and our own attitudes.

Can we talk about human rights if we refuse to be accountable to a higher justice, to an ultimate primacy of love, which is surely the prerequisite for an authentic narrative around human dignity and human rights? And don't we attack that very vision when we don't just tolerate, but champion the destruction of our own fellow human beings at the very beginning of their lives? Aren't we corrupting our own hearts and minds and leading impressionable people to think that in the end everything is relative and that violence may sometimes be justified?

But to all those tempted to resort to violence in the face of perceived injustice, let's recall the words of Mahatma Gandhi, who said that an eye for an eye will only make the whole world blind. And let's change our hearts and make every day a day of atonement so that may the Lord change the hearts of evildoers, grant his forgiveness. But grant us the ability to forgive others and to seek their good as well as our own.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

12:03:06

Thank you, dear Mr Rónán MULLEN and we fully agree with you. We must defeat hate. Thank you for mentioning it.

It is now Mr Malte KAUFMANN.

M. Malte KAUFMANN

Allemagne, CEPA

12:03:21

Mister President, ladies and gentlemen,

Thank you very much for giving me the floor.

I would like to address two issues today. One is the increasing restriction of the right to stand for election in the member states. The other issue is the restriction of freedom of expression by radical left-wing Antifa organisations.

On the first issue: unfortunately, we are seeing more and more cases of candidates not being allowed to stand in elections. We've had this happen several times now in Germany in local elections, most recently in Ludwigshafen, where an AfD (Alternative for Germany) candidate, Joachim PAUL, was not allowed to stand in the mayoral election. He was not allowed to run at all. There was an election commission of seven or eight members of the established parties who excluded him, not on the basis of a court ruling, but on the basis of an expert opinion that came from an SPD-led interior ministry in the federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It contained abstruse things, such as the fact that it had been discovered that he had once spoken favourably about J.R.R. TOLKIEN and was therefore supposedly nationalist.

Ladies and gentlemen,

We must not allow this to happen. We must call on the member states to stand by the right to stand for election and to make it possible for candidates of all colours to stand in elections.

The second issue that is very important to me is that Antifa groups are increasingly using violence, putting pressure on restaurants that want to hold AfD dialogues and civil dialogues in Germany, for example, and are even becoming physically aggressive and violent. It has already happened to me that I was attacked and hit on the head by such an Antifa movement at a rally.

Ladies and gentlemen,

In the United States it has now been classified as a terrorist organisation, and we should follow suit in Europe.

Thank you very much.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

12:05:31

Thank you, Mr Malte KAUFMANN. I just want to remind you that in this hemicycle we have the honour of receiving more than 60 speakers of parliament. And the most important issue that we have to discuss is hate speech and attacks against politicians.

Thank you for mentioning it.

Now it is Ms Catia POLIDORI, Catia.

Mme Catia POLIDORI

Italie, PPE/DC

12:05:55

Thank you, Mister Chair. I will continue in Italian.

In such a difficult and sad period of war which is so complicated for diplomacy all over the world, I would like to share a piece of good news: two days ago, a first group of 39 students and researchers arrived in Italy from Gaza, on two special flights organised by the Guardia di Finanza, thanks to the collaboration between the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of University and Research and the Conference of Italian University Rectors, which opened university corridors to welcome young Palestinian scholarship recipients.

Two days earlier, a final group of Palestinian minors arrived from Gaza on three humanitarian flights. The operation involved 15 patients, along with 65 accompanying persons. The medical operations have so far admitted 196 children from Gaza, taken in with their families, for a total of 658 people.

The numbers speak for themselves: Italy is thus confirmed as the leading Western country, more than all other European countries combined, in organising the transfer of patients from the Strip to specialised hospitals.

In addition, with the decisive co-operation of the Ministry of Defence, air drops have been carried out to parachute some 100 tonnes of food directly into Gaza.

And, therefore, allow me also to thank, in this important Assembly of the Council of Europe, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Antonio TAJANI, Minister of University and Research, Anna Maria BERNINI, Minister of Defence, Guido CROSETTO and, of course, Prime Minister, Giorgia MELONI.

Thank you, President.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

12:07:20

Thank you, Ms Catia POLIDORI.

Is Mr László TOROCZKAI here? No, László is not here.

Mr Tony VAUGHAN? No.

Mr Theo BOVENS? No.

Ms Albana VOKSHI? Albana? No? Okay. I used to see you there. That's okay. You have the floor, Albana.

Mme Albana VOKSHI

Albanie, PPE/DC

12:07:50

Thank you, Honourable President,

I would like to speak about the international reports on Albania.

Just days ago, the United States State Department published its 2025 report on Albania’s business climate. Its findings are alarming: Albania remains plagued by systemic corruption and a massive influx of illicit funds, especially from drug trafficking, which distort competition and block foreign investment. Corruption in procurement, the abusive use of PPP contracts, insecure property rights, and a weak judiciary have created an environment where businesses face pressure from public administration and criminal groups.

If you visit Tirana, Vlorë, or Durrës, Sarandë and even Himarë, you will see luxury resorts or high towers replacing historic neighbourhoods, theatres, and stadiums. They look nice and modern, but over 40,000 apartments in Tirana are empty. Prices of €3,000, €5,000 or even €10,000 per square metre reveal the truth: these towers are not for Albanians, they are vehicles for laundering dirty money.

International headlines confirm this. Caras y Caretas in Uruguay recently reported on the collapse of a powerful Albanian clan trafficking cocaine from South America to Europe, laundering billions of euros through construction and even influencing drug prices. What is alarming is the collusion of the government and state institutions with organised crime, making Albania’s problem, a European and beyond problem.

And that's why I'm insisting on repeating this very alarming situation.

Europe cannot afford to have a safe haven for organised crime. Without decisive action, Albania risks social unrest, violent clashes between clans, mass emigration, and the export of insecurity across Europe.

Therefore, I call on this Assembly to send a clear and firm message: corruption, money laundering, media suffocation, and electoral manipulation will not be tolerated. And I urge this Assembly to use every instrument available to push the Albanian government to fight organised crime and protect democracy. 

Thank you.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

12:10:07

Thank you, Ms Albana VOKSHI.

Mr Roland Rino BÜCHEL.

M. Roland Rino BÜCHEL

Suisse, ADLE

12:10:13

Dear President, esteemed guests,

I would like to say a few words about trust in the people and about someone who has placed this trust in people. It is about putting the welfare of citizens above that of politicians. Mr Alfred HEER is no longer with us. This is a great loss for the Council of Europe, for friends of democracy, for those who fight against corruption and for all of us who knew him personally.

Mr Alfred HEER spoke with clarity. He never chose the easy path, but the one that seemed right to him. Here at the Council of Europe, he was a defining figure for many years, frank, always crystal clear in his thoughts, always crystal clear in his words. He knew what he was talking about and he always knew why he was talking.

He exposed abuses. He never allowed himself to be intimidated. When others remained silent, Mr Alfred HEER spoke and, above all, he acted. Alfred HEER put his finger on the sore spots, even when it was uncomfortable. That's why people listened to him. That's why people fought with him. That's why I fought with him.

With the aim of making this world a little bit better. Not for us politicians, but for the people we represent. Especially for the young people, such as my 12-year-old daughter, Ilaria, who is now sitting in the stands and watching. The spirit of Mr Alfred HEER has done this Council good. Alfred, there was nothing "artificial" about you, certainly not your intelligence.

Thank you Alfred, we miss you. I think we all miss you.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

12:12:21

Dear Mr Roland Rino BÜCHEL,

You know that we have started this session by commemorating Mr Alfred HEER with a moment of silence.  I would like to add a few words to what you have said that moved all of us.

The first time I saw Mr Alfred HEER face to face, I told him, "I want you to come to my office". He said, "What have I done?" And when he came to my office we had a discussion. There was a dispute between Mr Alfred HEER and another parliamentarian. He really understood what I told him and he thanked me at the end. I don't want to make a self, you know, discussion with what to put in public. But it is an honour for me to keep my WhatsApp talks with Mr Alfred HEER. I have a lot of chats with him. One that he wrote me on April 10 after a dispute in this hemicycle. He was sitting somewhere there. He wrote me, though I had addressed him in a very strict way.

"Dear Theodoros, you are a good and impartial president. Alfred". So I cherish that he was a man who, even if you didn't agree with him in cases – we don't have to agree in every case, all of us here – he was respectful and he was devoted, as you said. Then he was about to visit Greece. So we exchanged a lot of messages: where to go, which places to visit with his family, etc.

We will miss him. We will miss any voice that gives life to this Parliamentary Assembly, no matter which party this voice represents, which ideology or how loud or soft they are being heard.

In this book from the Swiss delegation, I wrote that there's a Greek poem, a Greek poet who said once that 'it is when we forget the people that they are really dead'. So if we don't forget people, then they are always around us.

Thank you so much for mentioning this. For our late colleague Mr Alfred HEER.

And I will give the floor now to Mr Hayk MAMIJANYAN. Hayk is here.  

M. Hayk MAMIJANYAN

Arménie, PPE/DC

12:14:50

Thank you.

Honourable Chair,

Dear colleagues,

I'm going to speak about Armenian hostages in Baku.

Today is the last day of this session and all of us are anxiously awaiting our return home and the moment we can see our loved ones. I'm sure all of you have texted and called them many times to see how are they doing. Because we love them and we care about them.

Imagine if you couldn't do so. Unbelievable, huh? But the relatives of the Armenian hostages kept in Azerbaijani prisons are deprived of that opportunity. After the closing of the Red Cross office in Baku, we and the relatives have no clue about the well-being of our compatriots. And we can speak that it's big politics, conflict, international deals, blah blah blah, but it's not. It's human lives, human tragedies.

There are reports of suicide attempts, hunger strikes among the hostages. It is a shame, but we don't even have the exact number of our brothers who were unlawfully taken hostage by Azerbaijan. Maybe some of them are not alive anymore.

So I ask you, Mister President, Mister Secretary General and my colleagues from member states: please delegate your ambassadors in Baku to visit Armenian hostages kept in Azerbaijani prisons.

Please act immediately as a proof that humanity is still alive. Don't leave them one-on-one with the dictator.

Thank you.

And Mister President, with all due respect, I know of your efforts, and we are extremely thankful for that, but that's what I was talking about. It's fighting symptoms, not the cause.

Thank you.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

12:16:42

Thank you, Mr Hayk MAMIJANYAN. Thank you.

And the last on my list is Mr Ričards ŠLESERS.

 

M. Ričards ŠLESERS

Lettonie, NI

12:16:53

Thank you, Mister President.

My topic is on free speech.

Colleagues,

We are living in a time when the question of values is critical for the future of our nations. Powerful forces push new agendas, urging us to abandon what we have inherited and forget the truths that built our societies. But values are not negotiable. Faith, truth, family and tradition are not just relics. They are the foundations without which no society survives.

This is why free speech matters. Without the ability to speak openly, values cannot be defended. Silence in the face of falsehood is permission for it to grow. Europe must remain a place where voices are heard, even when they disturb or offend. Yet free expression is narrowing. Some countries still use criminal defamation to silence critics. Others expand hate speech laws so widely that ordinary debate is restricted. In the United Kingdom, the Online Safety Act pressures platforms to delete lawful but controversial speech.

Piece by piece, our democratic space is shrinking, and I must speak personally. The recent assassination of Charlie KIRK in the United States struck me deeply. He was not a European, but his death is a brutal warning. When societies grow intolerant of words, violence replaces debate. He once warned, 'when people stop talking, that's when you get violence'. The right to speak freely should never be answered with bullets.

That is why I'm here. Europe must not only outlaw calls to violence, it must defend the right to shock, to offend and to disturb. If we abandon that, we abandon the very essence of freedom.

Thank you.

M. Theodoros ROUSOPOULOS

Grèce, PPE/DC, Président de l'Assemblée

12:19:00

Thank you, Mr Ričards ŠLESERS.

And that is why I used the now famous phrase of Barack OBAMA when Charlie KIRK was assassinated.

Thank you all. The debate is closed.

The next item on today's agenda is the continuation of the debate on the progress report of the Bureau of the Assembly at the Standing Committee, Document 16257, Addendum 3.

The Bureau has proposed several references to committees set out in Addendum 3. These references must be submitted for ratification by the Parliamentary Assembly in accordance with Rule 26.3. Any objections successfully raised mean those references will be referred back to the Bureau.

Are there any objections to the references? No, no objections.

The references are approved.

I now propose that the other decisions in the progress report be ratified.

Are there any objections? No, there are no objections.

The progress report is approved.

We have now come to the end of our business. I would like to thank all members of the Parliamentary Assembly, particularly rapporteurs and chairs of committees, for their hard work during this part session.

I would like to thank the Vice-Presidents who chaired during this part-session, namely Mr Bertrand BOUYX, Ms Bernadeta COMA, Mr Andries GRYFFROY, Mr Mogens JENSEN, Ms Arusyak JULHAKYAN, Ms Miapetra KUMPULA-NATRI, Mr Marko PAVIĆ, Ms Denitsa SACHEVA and Lord Don TOUHIG.

I would also like to thank the staff, technical personnel and interpreters, both permanent and temporary, who have worked hard to make the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe session a success.

I want, once again, to congratulate our Secretary General of this Assembly, Dr Despina CHATZIVASSILIOU, who was re-elected for a new term of five years, unanimously.

I want to thank especially two of our colleagues who are still here with us. They are leaving this Parliamentary Assembly. Who knows what will happen in the future? Ms Ingjerd Schie SCHOU and Mr Stefan SCHENNACH. Thank you so much for your contribution, which was unanimously accepted. That was an exceptional contribution in difficult times of issues that this Assembly had to deal with.

Dear colleagues – Mr Stefan SCHENNACH, it's about you! And Ms Ingjerd Schie SCHOU. Thank you so much, Ingjerd.

So, dear colleagues, the first part of the 2026 session will be held from 26 to 30 January 2026.

I declare the fourth of the 2025 session of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe closed.

The sitting is closed.

La séance est levée à 12h20

Clôture de la partie de session